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1、学术英语(医学)_Unit1Unit 1Doctors LifeDoctors are thought as noble,respectable,and caring,but it is really common to read or hear about the complaints of doctors being impatient and careless.What are the causes for such complaints?How can ordinary incidents influence the way doctors practice medicine?This
2、 unit explores doctors life from different perspectives so that you can understand them better.Lead-inBrainstorm Brainstormalistofwordsandexpressionsrelatedtoadoctorslifeandpractice.Unit 1 Doctors LifeLead-inAdditional activity Whatdotheymeanforadoctor?adecentcareeranoblecallingrespectableknowledgea
3、bleundergreatpressureunderpaidmistrusteddangerousUnit 1 Doctors LifeText ACriticalreadingandthinkingQuestionsfordiscussionTopicsforpresentationUsefulexpressionsDifficultsentencesLanguagebuilding-upSignpostlanguageFormalEnglishVocabularytestSuggestedanswersUnit 1 Doctors LifeText A Criticalreadingand
4、thinkingQuestions for discussion Howdoyouinterpretthetitle?neuronoverloadjugglingphysicianUnit 1 Doctors LifeText A CriticalreadingandthinkingTopics for presentation1Doyouagreethatitissheerneuronoverloadonthe doctor side that leads to the complaint thatdoctorsdontlisten?neuronoverloadpatientshighexp
5、ectationsmistrust and misunderstanding between thepatientsandphysicianUnit 1 Doctors Life2DescribeMrs.Osorioscondition.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeText A Useful expressionsa56-year-oldwomansomewhatoverweightreasonablywell-controlleddiabetesandhypertensioncholesterolonthehighside
6、withoutanymedicationsforthisnotasmuchexerciseassheshouldthinningofherbonesonlastDEXAscanstressfulbutgoodaboutkeepingherappointmentsandgettingherbloodtestsgenerallyhealthyUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsinmypractice/inamedicalpracticeoverweightdiabeteshypertensio
7、ncholesterolonthehighsideDEXAscanthinningofherbones/lowerdensitystressfullifekeepherappointmentsbloodtestsgenerallyhealthyanaveragepatientnotexcessivelycomplicatedUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Topics for presentation3WhatarethegoodandbadthingsaboutMrs.Osoriosconditionsthatrunth
8、roughtheauthorsmind?Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsGoodThingsBloodtestsdoneGlucosealittlebetterHerbloodpressuregoodbutnotgreatBadThingsHerweightalittleupHerbonesalittlethinontheDEXAUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressions20-mincons
9、ultationglucosestartingastatinliverenzymesnormalfivefruitsandvegetablesdietchoices30minofwalkingeachdayexercisemorningsugarscomparetohereveningsugarsthenutritionist/hereyedoctor/thepodiatristbloodpressureaddanotherBPmedmorepillsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsst
10、artabisphosphonatepreventosteoporosisexperiencingjusttheusualstressoflifelurkingdepressionoranxietydisorderthedepressionquestionnairehealthmaintenanceherlastmammogramPAPsmearcolonoscopyatetanusboosterqualifyforapneumoniavaccineUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Topics for presentati
11、on4 Describe the situation when Mrs.Ororiomightsendtheauthorsdelicatelybalancedthree-ringcircustumblingdown.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsTheauthorwasinmoderatestateofpanic:jugglingsomanythoughtsaboutMrs.Osoriosconditionsandtryingtoresolvethemallbeforetheclock
12、randown.Mrs.Osoriomadeatrivialrequest,notsoimportantascomparedtoherconditions.Mrs.Osorioseemedtocareonlyabouther“innocentandcompletelyjustifiedrequest”:theformsignedbyherdoctor.Thedoctortriedtooratleastpretendtopayattentiontothepatientswhilecompletingdocumentation.Complaintsthatdoctorsdontlistenmigh
13、thaveotherreasonsthanjustdoctorsneuronoverload.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsthediet-and-exercisediscussionnotmakingeyecontactwithMrs.Osorio(communicationskills)getherlabresultscheckhermammogramreportdocumenttheprogressofherillnessesorderthetestsrefillherpresc
14、riptionsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsherinsurancecompany/insuranceform/losemycoveragedoherphysicalexaminationherbackpainanythingmorethanroutinemusclestrainplaceintoaccurateandthoroughdocumentationinteractwithmypatientUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthink
15、ing5Comparemultitaskinginhumanbeingsandcomputers.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsMultitaskingoriginatedincomputerscience.Microprocessorsinfactlinear,actuallyperformingonlyonetaskatatime.Multitaskingjustasanillusionbothincomputerandh
16、umans.Atbest,Humanjugglingonlyahandfulofthoughtsinthismanner.Themorethoughtswejuggle,thelessweareabletoattunefullytoanygiventhought.MultitaskingasarecipefordisasterUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsaninsurancecompanyformorderhermammogramrefillonlyfiveofhersixmedic
17、inesfullyexplaintheside-effectsofoneofhermedicationsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinking6 Use numbers to justify that it is thejugglingmindthatkeepsdoctorsawakeatnight.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressions7medicalissuestoconside
18、r5separatethoughts,atleast,foreachissue7X5=35thoughts10patientsthatafternoon35X10=3505residentsundertheauthorssupervision4patientsseenbyeachresidents10thoughts,atleast,generatedbyeachpatients5X4X10=200350+200=550thoughtstobehandledintotalIfthedoctordoesagoodjobjuggling98%ofthetime,thatstillleavesten
19、thoughtsthatmightgetlostintheprocess.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsmedicalissuestoconsidersupervisefiveresidentsinaworkingdayadisastrousoutcomeapossiblelawsuitMostdoctorsarereasonablycompetent,caringindividuals,buttheoverwhelmingswirlofthoughtsthatwemustkeeptr
20、ackofleavesmanyofusinaperpetualpanicthatsomethingseriousmightslip.Thisiswhatkeepsusawakeatnight.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinking7 What are possible solutions to theimpossiblehigh-wireactofjugglingcompetingdetailsandpanickingaboutslippingacriticalone?Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1
21、Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionscomputer-generatedreminderscasemanagersancillaryservicesthesimplest:timeUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Useful expressionsanhourforeachpatientaspectaculardoctorSituationinChina?thechoicesthatpracticingphysiciansfaceev
22、eryday,witheverypatientrelyonourclinicaljudgmenttoprioritisetransplantfieldadedicatedandcompetentclinicalpartnersuchasaone-on-onenursemedicalbudgetsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Difficult Sentences1thatonestrayrequestfromapatientevenone that is quite relevantmight send thedelic
23、ately balanced three-ring circus tumblingdown.(Para.1)如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然崩塌一样。同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然崩塌一样。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinking2.Impilingyetanotherpillontoher.(Para.3)我还要再给她另加一种药我还要再给她另加一种药Text A
24、Difficult SentencesUnit 1 Doctors LifeText A Difficult Sentencesshescaughtoneofmyneuronsinmid-fire(Para.4)她让我如火如荼的思绪戛然而止她让我如火如荼的思绪戛然而止Myinstinctistoputonehandupandkeepallinterruptionsatbay.(Para.4)我的本能反应是举手，阻止她打断我的思路。我的本能反应是举手，阻止她打断我的思路。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Difficult S
25、entencesWemerelyzipbackandforthbetweenthem,generallylosingaccuracyintheprocess.(Para.7)我们人类只是在两个想法之间来回快速转换，通常我们人类只是在两个想法之间来回快速转换，通常情况下，在转换的过程中丢失了精准。情况下，在转换的过程中丢失了精准。Themorethoughtswejuggle,thelessweareabletoattunefullytoanygiventhought.(Para.8)Thehigherup,theheavierthefall.Themore,thebetter.Unit 1 D
26、octors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Difficult SentencesMychoicesseemtoboildowntoentertainingfewerthoughts,acceptingdecreasedaccuracyforeachthought,givinguponthoroughdocumentation,orhavingaconstantheadachefromneuronaloverload.(Para.10)boildownto:归结为归结为Itboilsdowntoaquestionofethics.它可归结成一个伦理学
27、问题它可归结成一个伦理学问题。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Difficult SentencesIn some cases,having a dedicated andcompetentclinicalpartnersuchasaone-on-onenurse can come close to simulating a secondbrain,butmostmedicalbudgetsdontallowforsuchstaffingindulgence.(Para.12)有些情况下，有个专注、出色的临床搭档，如一对一
28、有些情况下，有个专注、出色的临床搭档，如一对一的护士，就仿佛有了第二个大脑，不过大多数医疗预的护士，就仿佛有了第二个大脑，不过大多数医疗预算不会如此大方，这样配备人员。算不会如此大方，这样配备人员。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCriticalreadingandthinkingText A Language Building-up Signpost LanguageAninnocentandcompletelyjustifiedrequest,but(Para.5)Whatisthefunctionoftheparentheses/dashesinthesentence?Parent
29、heticalstatements:insertingadditionalinformationwithoutcreatingaseparatesentenceandareoftendemonstratedbyparenthesesanddash.Unit 1 Doctors LifeText A Language Building-up Formal EnglishDegreeofformalityshouldbedeterminedbytheaudiencetheexpectationsoftheaudiencethewriterspurposesForexample,thewritero
30、fTextAemploysinformallanguagewhenrecordingherjugglingthoughts,andanoticeableshiftfromthatoftherestofthearticlewhereformalstyleisconsistentlymaintained.Ajugglingmindisvividlypresentedbyinformalandevenungrammaticaluseoflanguage,suchas“Maybe leave this until next time?”Unit 1 Doctors LifeText A Languag
31、e Building-up Formal EnglishFormalEnglishItisusedinofficial,literary,academicwriting,orformalsocialevents.Itismorecommonlyusedinwritingthanspeech.Sentencesareoftenlongandcomplex.Contractionsareavoided.InformalEnglishIt is used in everydaypersonalconversationsorletterstofriends.Itismorecommonlyusedin
32、 everyday speech thaninwriting.Sentencesareoftenshortandsimple.Contractionsarecommon.Unit 1 Doctors LifeText A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormalEnglishThepassivevoiceisoftenused,makingitsoundimpersonal.MuchvocabularyderivedfromFrenchandLatinisused.Colloquialterms,slangsandmanyphrasalverbsare
33、avoided.InformalEnglishTheactivevoiceisoftenused.VocabularyderivedfromFrenchandLatinisnotused.Colloquialterms,slangsandmanyphrasalverbsarecommon.Unit 1 Doctors LifeText A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormalEnglishTheresearchersidentifiedtheimportantproperties.Doctorshaveestablishedanewmethod.T
34、hisappearedtorectifytheproblemInformalEnglishTheresearchersfoundoutwhattheimportantthingswere.Doctorshavecomeupwithanewmethod.ThisseemedtofixtheproblemUnit 1 Doctors LifeText A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormalEnglishHiswordsdemonstratethatDetailsofthereportaretobefoundonPage26.Theexperiment
35、wascarriedout/performed.InformalEnglishHiswordsshowthatYoucanfindoutallaboutthereportonpage26.Theydidanexperiment.Unit 1 Doctors LifeText A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 31Goodthingshedidherbloodtests.Glucoseisalittlebetter.Cholesterolisntgreat.Mayneedtothinkaboutstartingastatin.Ar
36、eherliverenzymesnormal?(Para.3)Goodsignsincludethatshedidherbloodtests,andthat her glucose level is a little better.However,hercholesterollevelisntgreat,andImayneedtoconsiderprescribingastatinforher.Furthermore,Iwonderedifherliverenzymesarenormal.Unit 1 Doctors LifeTask3Rewritethefollowingsentencesf
37、romTextAwithamoreformalstyle.Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 32Hasshebeentotheeyedoctor?Thepodiatrist?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeHasshebeentotheeyedoctorandthepodiatrist?Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 33ButnowImpilingyetanotherpillontoher,andonethatrequ
38、iresdetailedinstructions.Maybeleavethisuntilnexttime?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeButnowImpilingyetanotherpillontoher,and the pill requires detailed instructions.“Maybe,shouldIleavethisuntilnexttime?”Ithought.Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 34Healthmaintenance:whenwasherlastmamm
39、ogram?PAPsmear?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeTomymindcameherhealthmaintenance.Iaskedmyself,“Whendidshe receive her last mammogram andPAPsmear?”Text A Vocabulary test_overload（神经过载）atypicaloffice_（典型的诊所就诊）DEXA_（DEXA扫描）medical_（行医）visitscanpracticeneuron/neuronal_report（乳房X-线检查报告）_examination（体检）_ofamedi
40、cation（药物的副作用）mammogramside-effectsphysicalUnit 1 Doctors LifeLanguage Building-up Text A Vocabulary test_control（血压控制）health_（健康保持）perpetual_（永久的恐慌）_physicians（执业医生）_field（移植领域）medical_（医疗预算）paracetamol_（扑热息痛药片）_cap（防孩子打开的盖子）panicbloodpressuremaintenancepracticingtransplantbudgettabletchildproofUni
41、t 1 Doctors LifeLanguage Building-up Text A Suggested answersUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask1.2MatcheachofthefollowingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.pneumothoraxnutrienthypertensioncolonoscopymammectomyrefillneuralgiapodiatristnutritionistosteoporosisneurontransmittransplantpneumoniamammograma.移植b.高血压c.乳房X
42、线照片d.结肠镜检查（术）e.神经元，神经细胞f.肺炎g.营养物h.神经痛i.营养学家j.再配（处方）k.气胸l.传染m.骨质疏松n.足病医生o.乳房切除术kgbdojhnimeiafcText A Suggested answers language building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask1.2MatcheachofthefollowingdefinitionswithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.EnglishChineseDefinition1examinationofthecolonwith
43、acolonoscope2abnormallyelevatedbloodpressure3anx-rayimageofthebreast4nervecell5onewhoistrainedoranexpertinthefieldofnutrition6adiseaseinwhichthebonesbecomeweakandbreakeasilycolonoscopy结肠镜检查（术）hypertension高血压mammogram乳房X线照片neuron神经元，神经细胞nutritionist营养学家osteoporosis骨质疏松Text A Suggested answers languag
44、e building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask1.2MatcheachofthefollowingdefinitionswithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.EnglishChineseDefinition7inflammationofthelungs8onewhoisspecializedinthediagnosis,treatment,andpreventionofdiseasesofthehumanfoot9asecondorsubsequentfilling10transferatissueor
45、anorganfromonebodyorbodyparttoanothertransplant移植pneumonia肺炎podiatrist足病医生refill再配（处方）Text A Suggested answers language building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask2SignpostlanguageFindsomeexamplesofparentheticalstatementfromTextA.From her perspective,this is probably the mostimportantiteminourvisit,butthefac
46、tisthatshescaughtoneofmyneuronsinmid-fire(theonethatsthinking about her blood sugar,which issegueing into the neuron thats preparing thediet-and-exercisediscussion,whichisintersectingwiththeonethatsdebatingaboutinitiatingastatin).(Para.4)WhatifIdroponewhatifoneofmythoughtsevaporates while I address
47、another concern?(Para.4)Text A Suggested answers language building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask2SignpostlanguageFindsomeexamplesofparentheticalstatementfromTextA.Aninnocentandcompletelyjustifiedrequest,butIfeelthatthiscouldbethestrawthatbreaksthecamelsback,thattheprecariousbalanceofall that Im keeping
48、in the air will be simplyunhinged.(Para.5)Therearemanyproposedsolutionscomputer-generatedreminders,casemanagers,ancillaryservices.(Para.10)Text BPre-reading questionCritical reading and thinkingResearchingLanguage building-upUnit 1 Doctors Life1Hownontrivialcantrivialincidentsbeinoneslife?Text B Pre
49、-reading questionUnit 1 Doctors LifeText B Critical Reading and ThinkingReflectionWhatotherlessonscanyoulearnfromthetext?Unit 1 Doctors LifeText B Critical Reading and ThinkingReflectionDr.SackettschallengetothetraditionalwisdomintreatinghishepatitispatientNeverbeablindbelieverofauthorityorconventio
50、nalwisdom.Scientificprogressrequiresunconventionalwayofthinking.ChallengingauthorityisaMustforrealscientistsBetolerantandopen-mindedaboutnovelties.Besensitivetotrivialities.Thinkdifferently.Unit 1 Doctors LifeText B Critical Reading and ThinkingReflectionDr.Sackettseventful“clinicalcourse”andiconocl