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1、第一页，共30页。思考：（一）句子的语序（二）倒装(do zhun)的分类（三）倒装(do zhun)产生的原因第二页，共30页。英语句子的自然语序：主语在前英语句子的自然语序：主语在前,谓语在后（主语谓语在后（主语+谓语）。谓语）。把谓语动词把谓语动词(dngc)放在主语之前（谓语放在主语之前（谓语+主语）主语）,就叫倒装就叫倒装语序。语序。如果全部谓语放在主语之前如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装叫全部倒装;如果把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词如果把谓语的一部分（通常是助动词(dngc)、情态动词、情态动词(dngc)或或be 动词动词(dngc)）放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。）放在主语之前就
2、叫部分倒装。第三页，共30页。语语序序自自然然语语序序 主语主语+谓语谓语The boy came in.倒倒 装装语语序序 完全完全 倒装倒装谓语动词谓语动词+主语主语In came the boy.部分倒装部分倒装助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+谓谓语语Never shall we forget them.第四页，共30页。n倒装的原因：n引起倒装的两个原因：语法(yf)需要和修辞需要n在语法(yf)需要时，倒装是必须的，否则会出现语法(yf)错误；在修辞需要时，倒装是任意的，目的是为了强调，否则的话，还可以还原成自然语序。第五页，共30页。请观察(gunch)：The mens
3、 110 hurdles come now.The athletes rush out.They jump up.John runs so fast that he breaks the school record.We shall never forget the exciting moment.Now come the mens 110 hurdles.Out rush the athletes.Up they jump.So fast does John run that he breaks the school record.Never shall we forget the exci
4、ting moment.第六页，共30页。（一）完全倒装(do zhun)的情况：n1.表方位的副词here,there 或out,in,up,down,away,off，now,then,等标志词放在句首，句子用完全倒装。n E.g.1）Here comes the bus.n 2）Out rushed the children.n 3）Away went the boy.n 此时主语必须是名词,谓语(wiy)是系动词或不及物动词；n 主语若是代词时,不需要倒装。n e.g.Out it rushed.n Here you are.注注意意(zh y)第七页，共30页。n2.There be
5、2.There be结构。n另外,在此结构中可以用来代替bebe动词(dngc)(dngc)的动词(dngc)(dngc)有:nexist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,standstand等。如:n e.g.1)There stood a dog before him.e.g.1)There stood a dog before him.2)There exist different opinions on 2)There exist different opinions on this que
6、stion.this question.n巩固练习:1)_ a beautiful palace _ the 1)_ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.foot of the hill.A.There stand;atA.There stand;at B.There stands;B.There stands;underunderC.Stands there;underC.Stands there;underD.There stands;atD.There stands;at第八页，共30页。n3.表示地点(ddin)的介词词组(如on the
7、 wall,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the room等)放在句首时，且谓语动词为come,be,live,lie,go等时用完全倒装。n ne.g.1）At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.n 2）In the front of the room was a table,andn behind it stood a beautiful lady.n 3）From the valley came a cry.n第九页，共30页。4.such,the follo
8、wing等放句首时，句子(j zi)要完全倒装。e.g.(1)Such are the facts.情况就是如此(rc)。(2)Such is life.生活就是这样。(3)The following is the answer to the question.这个问题的答案如下。第十页，共30页。5.“表语(bioy)系动词主语”的结构。e.g.1）Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests.出席晚会的有格林先生，还有一些(yxi)别的宾客。2）Seated on the ground are a group of you
9、ng men.坐在地上的是一群年轻人。【注意】此时，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主系动词表语。第十一页，共30页。（二）部分(b fen)倒装的情况n1.含有否定意义的副词或短语如：nfew,little,never,not,not until,neither,nor,nin no way（无论如何不，决不，一点也不）nnowhere（无处；任何地方都不）,rarely,seldom,nhardly/scarcelywhen，no sooner(than)（一.就）n not only(but also),n in no case/under no circumstances/at no t
10、ime/by no meansn（在任何情况(qngkung)下都不）,n 等表示否定含义的词放在句首时，需用部分倒装。n 第十二页，共30页。e.g.1）Little does he know about the news.他对这消息知之甚少。2)By no means can he catch up in such a short time.他根本不可能(knng)在这么短的时间里赶上来。3）Hardly/Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him.4）No sooner had I reac
11、hed the station than train moved.第十三页，共30页。【疑难【疑难1】He is active in personality,and he seldom stays indoors.(无助动词无助动词)He is active in personality,and seldom does he stay indoors.(添加添加(tin ji)does)【疑疑难难剖剖析析1】若若原原句句中中没没有有助助动动词词，必必须须根根据据谓谓语语动动词词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do,does 或或did。第十四页，共30页。【疑难【疑难2
12、】Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter.【疑疑难难2】Not onlybut also连连接接两两个个(lin)并并列列主主语语时时不不可可倒倒装装。只只有有在在连连接接两两个个(lin)句句子子且且将将not only所所连连接接的的句句子子提提到到句句首首时时，才才可可用用倒倒装装，but also后面的句子不倒装。前倒后不倒后面的句子不倒装。前倒后不倒.Not only did we lose all our money,but we also lost our Way.第十五页
13、，共30页。【疑难【疑难4】The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(将将until后面的全部内容提前后面的全部内容提前)【疑疑难难剖剖析析4】not until提提前前时时，要要用用倒倒装装，且且必必须须将将not until后后面面的的全全部部内内
14、容容提提前前，而而不不仅仅仅仅是是not until这这两两个个词词。Not until放放在在句句首首,从从句句(cn j)不倒装不倒装,主句倒装。主句倒装。第十六页，共30页。【疑难【疑难3】I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off.Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(注意谓语动词形式注意谓语动词形式)【疑疑难难剖剖析析3】在在“hardly/scarcelywhen/no sooner”位位于于 句句 首首 时时，要要 用用 部部 分分 倒倒
15、 装装。no soonerthan,hardly/scarcelywhen表表示示(biosh)“一一就就时时,主主句句用过去完成时用过去完成时(倒装倒装),从句用过去时。前倒后不倒从句用过去时。前倒后不倒.e.g.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.第十七页，共30页。【疑难【疑难5】I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket.Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket.【疑疑难难剖剖析析(pu
16、x)5】neither nor 句句型型中中两两个个句子都需要部分倒装。句子都需要部分倒装。第十八页，共30页。n2.so/as/neither/nor 为标志词放在句首时，句子用倒装。n 表示前面所说的肯定(kndng)情况，也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下：n so/as be(助动词或情态动词)主语。n 表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物时，句式如下：n neither(nor)be(助动词或情态动词)主语。第十九页，共30页。【特别提醒】【特别提醒】“so 主主语语助助动动词词(或或be动动词词)”表表示示对对上上文文肯肯定定的的内内容容加加以以肯肯定定或或赞赞同同(zntng)，
17、意意为为“的的确确如此如此”；例如：；例如：Its raining hard.天下着大雨。天下着大雨。So it is.是的。是的。“主主语语did so”表表示示：“主主语语”这这样样做做了了。例如：例如：Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so.Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。要我去踢足球，我去了。第二十页，共30页。n3.only 修饰的状语放在句首时,主句(zh j)倒装。ne.g.(1)你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。n Only in this way can you learn English well.n (2
18、)只有他有时间的话他才会来。n Only if he has time will he come here.n (3)他被请了3次才来开会。n Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.n (4)Only that boy can work out the problem.n 只有那个男孩才能解答出这个问题。第二十一页，共30页。【结论【结论3】1.“only 状状语语(或或状状语语从从句句)”放放在在句句首首时时，句句子子用用部部分分倒倒装装。倒倒装装主主句句而而不不倒倒装装从从句句，即：即：“主倒从不主倒从不
19、(cn b)倒倒”。2.only之之后后强强调调的的不不是是状状语语而而是是主主语语部部分分时时，不可倒装。不可倒装。3.only 后后被被强强调调的的状状语语一一般般为为副副词词（如如then等等）、介介词词短短语语（in this way)或或状状语语从从句句（when从句）。从句）。第二十二页，共30页。n4.在 “sothat”和 “suchthat”表 程 度(chngd)时，n 将“soadj.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子用部分倒装。前倒后不倒.ne.g.(1)So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown o
20、ff.n 暴风雨如此厉害，整个屋顶都被吹掉了。n (2)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.n 杰克是如此聪明的孩子，他能解答所有这些难题。第二十三页，共30页。5.as/though(虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句，只须把表语,状语,或动词(dngc)原形提到as前。主谓不发生倒装。nTired as he felt,he kept on working.nChild as he was,he could work out the problem.nA bad
21、-tempered man as he is,he loves me deeply.nMuch as he likes English,he is not good at it.nTry as we might,we could not bring him around to accept our view.n注意：作表语的单数可数名词提到(t do)主语前时不带冠词。as也可以替换成though.第二十四页，共30页。6.表示时间表示时间(shjin)频率的状语位于句首时，频率的状语位于句首时，且表示强调时，句子用倒装语序。且表示强调时，句子用倒装语序。常用的频率状语有常用的频率状语有alw
22、ays,usually,often,now and then,once,many a time,every day等。等。Eg.1）Often did he come to my home in the past.2）Many a time have I seen her walking alone in the street.第二十五页，共30页。倒倒装装(do zhun)倒装句的高考倒装句的高考(o ko)考点：考点：全部全部(qunb)倒装倒装部分倒装部分倒装1.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。2.表示地点的介词短语
23、位于句首时。表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、在省去、在省去if的虚拟条件从句的虚拟条件从句 中中4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时5、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句6、特殊句式、特殊句式第二十六页，共30页。n1.【2011全国(qun u)卷I 28】Only when he reached the tea-house _it was the same place hed been in last year.n A.he realized B.he did real
24、ize n C.realized he D.did he realizen2.【2011福建卷29】Its nice.Never before_ such a special drink!n Im glad you like it.n A.I have had B.I had C.have I had D.had In3.10江苏Is everyone here?n Not yetLook,there_ the rest of our guests!nA.come B.comes C.is coming D.are coming第二十七页，共30页。4.10江西(jin x)Not until
25、 he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun5.09海南The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only _,but students became more interested in the lessons.A.saved was teachers energy B.was teachers energy saved C.teachers
26、 energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy第二十八页，共30页。6.09山东(shn dn)So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape.A.did the attack B.the attack did C.was the attack D.the attack was 7.09陕西Little_about her own safety,though she was in great danger herself.A.did Rose care B.Rose did care C.Rose do
27、es care D.does Rose care 8.Unsatisfied _with the payment,he took the job just to get some work experience.A.though was he B.though he was C.he was though D.was he though 第二十九页，共30页。9.Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason,and _.A.I was neither B.neither was I C.I was either D.either
28、 was I10.No sooner _to the cinema _the film began.A.had he got,than B.he had got,when C.did he get,than D.had he got,when11.Only after _ to go to school.A.New China was founded;he was able B.was New China founded;was he able C.New China came into being;was he able D.New China founded;he was able 第三十页，共30页。