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1、情态动词课件情态动词课件pptppt课课件件情态动词概述情态动词表示说话人的语气或对事物的态度，情态动词表示说话人的语气或对事物的态度，情态动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和情态动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和原形动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的原形动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的形式变化。形式变化。英语情态动词共有9种，即can,may,will,shall,dare.must,need,ought to,used to.有的情态动词有时态的变化。变化如下：现在式 can may will shall dare must need ought to -过去式 c
2、ould might would should dared -used to2v教学目标：情态动词用法归纳教学目标：情态动词用法归纳(2)v教学重点：教学重点：1.情态动词表示推测情态动词表示推测;2.情态动词情态动词+havedone结构；结构；3一.情态动词表示推测的用法情态动词可用来表示推测情态动词可用来表示推测,语气从强到弱的顺序是：语气从强到弱的顺序是：must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一一定定”。can和和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中主要用于否定句和疑问句中，cant或或couldnt 表示表示“不可能不可能”may 和和 migh
3、t表示现在或将来可能发生的动作表示现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况，主要用于肯定句中，或情况，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于相对于may 来说，表示的可能性更小一些。来说，表示的可能性更小一些。must，should，can，could,may，might。4二二.情态动词情态动词+havedonev表示表示对对过去过去所发生事情的所发生事情的推测或带有某推测或带有某种语气种语气.1.Ididnthearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.musthavedone(过去过去)肯定肯定/一定一定(用于肯定句中用于肯定句中)52.Therewerealreadyfivepe
4、opleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.Itcouldnthavebeenacomfortablejourney.cant/couldnthavedone(过去过去)不可能不可能63.He may not have finished the exercises,Im afraid.4.You could have done better,but you didnt try your best.may/mighthavedone(过去过去)或许或许/可能做可能做(用于肯定或否定句中用于肯定或否定句中)couldhavedone(过去过去)本能够做本能够
5、做(用于肯定或否定句中用于肯定或否定句中,带有责备、劝告之意带有责备、劝告之意)75.When we got to the cinema,the film hadnt started,so we neednt have worried.Mary didnt turn up last night,did she?No,she didnt need to come.We had changed our plan.neednthavedone(过去过去)本来不必做本来不必做(没有必要做而实际上也没做没有必要做而实际上也没做).86.Sheshouldnthavetakenawaymytape,for
6、Iwantedtouseit.should/oughttohavedone(过去过去)本应该做本应该做(而实际上未做而实际上未做),用于否定句用于否定句时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了时则表示过去不该做的事反而做了(带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。带有后悔、埋怨或责备的语气）。910v(06陕西）As you worked late yesterday,you _ have come this morning.B.may not C.cant D.mustnt A A.neednt11(04全国全国)Mr.White_at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidntshowup.B.s
7、houldarriveC.shouldhadarrivedD.shouldbearriving(04福建福建)IlltellMarryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.couldhavetoldC.musttell A.shouldhavearrived D.shouldhavetold A D 12(05福建)Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.Thanks.You_it.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needntdoC.mustntdoD.shouldnthaved
8、oneB.neednt have done B 13v(NMET 05)He_havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldntbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.shouldC.wouldntD.cantB.must B 14v(00 上海)MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterday,sohe_yourlecture.B.neednthaveattendedC.mustnthaveattendedD.shouldnthaveattendedA.couldnthaveattended A 15vMu
9、st必须必须(04 上海)Children under 12 years of age in that country must be under adult supervision when in a public library.三三.情态动词基本用法情态动词基本用法16Can/Couldv用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中常表推测、惊讶测、惊讶、怀疑、不相信的语气：怀疑、不相信的语气：1）Whocanitbe?Itcantbehim.HehasgonetoXian.2）Howcanyoubesocareless?Whatcanhepossiblymean?17
10、v(03上海)How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle.B.mustC.needD.mayA.can A 18v(04全国卷全国卷II)You_betiredyouveonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.wontD.maynotv(06全国卷全国卷I)ThereisnolightonThey_athome.B.mustntC.needntD.shouldntC.cantA.cant C A 19v(06福建）Ifitwerentfort
11、hefactthatshe_sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.A.couldntB.shouldntD.mightnotv(06四川）四川）IsJackondutytoday?It_behim.Itshisturntomorrow.A.mustntB.wontD.needntC.cantC.cant20vCan 在肯定句中使用表示 1)有时候的可能性:The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it can be slow.(05浙江).He can be f
12、riendly at times.212)理论上的可能性理论上的可能性,并不涉及具体某事是否真会发生,主要是说明人和事物的特征主要是说明人和事物的特征:1.Evenexpertdriverscanmakemistakes.2.(2003)Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebagscanbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.3.Trainingbyyourselfinagymcanbehighlydangerous.4.BirdFlucanbedangerous.22 Making choices _ dif
13、ficult,especially when there is no one to turn to for advice.A.might B.should D.must C.canC 23v但是在表达但是在表达具体某事实际具体某事实际发生发生的可能性的可能性时不可用时不可用can,用用may/might/could.1)Hemay/might/couldbeinthelibrary.2)Asnowstormcanbeexciting,buttoomuchsnowcancausetrouble.3)Thisstormmay/might/couldlastseveraldays.24vCould表
14、可能性表可能性,语气较弱语气较弱;表请求表请求,较委婉。较委婉。Couldyoulendmesomemoney?Yes,Ican.(98上海上海)“CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?”“Yes,you_.A.willB.couldD.mightC.may C 25vwas able to 和 could 的区别Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryonewasabletogetout.（强调经过一番努力后成功（强调经过一番努力后成功做到某事做到某事.Hedidntagreewithmeatfirst,butIwa
15、sabletopersuadehim.Shecouldsingwhenshewasyoung.(一般能力一般能力)26v Can的惯用语的惯用语 1.cant(help/choose)but+v(不得不不得不）Icanthelpbutadmireyourbravery.2.canthelpdoing.区别区别/canthelp(to)do.3.canthelpit.“Whyareyoucrying?”“Ijustcanthelpit.4.cant/couldnt与与too,enough连用连用.Youcantbetoocareful.再再也不过分也不过分Icantthankyoutoomuch
16、.27Will/Wouldv意志、愿望和决心。意志、愿望和决心。1)Iwillneverdothatagain.2)Ifyouwillwaitoverforalongtime,Mr.Smith,Iwilltellourmanageryouvearrived.v习惯、倾向，多用于第三人称。习惯、倾向，多用于第三人称。Hewillsittherehourafterhourdoingnothing.Boyswillbeboys.28v坚决拒绝。坚决拒绝。Iwontlistentoyournonsense.Thedogwouldntstopbarking.v表临时的决定表临时的决定“Youforgot
17、topostmyletter.”“Sorry,Iwillpostit.29vUsedtodo/woulddo1)Sheisntwhatsheusedtobe.(表对比表对比)2)WewouldsitintheyardeverySundayandlistentohisstory.(表过表过去习惯性动作去习惯性动作)30May/Mightv表不确定的可能性表不确定的可能性.1)(NMET00)“AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?“Imnotsure.Imightgototheconcertinstead.2)Petermaycomewithus,butheisntverysurey
18、et.31v用于祈使句用于祈使句,表示祝愿表示祝愿.Mayyoureturnsafeandsound.Mayyoubehappy!may/mightaswelldo不妨不妨,不如不如Nowthatyouvegotsofarwiththework,youmightfinishitaswell.32dare and need 情态动词实义动词肯定式 Hedarestoescape.Heneedstoescape.否定式 Hedarentescape.Heneedntescape.Hedoesntdare(to)escape.Hedoesntneedtoescape.疑问式 Dareheescape?Needheescape?Doeshedare(to)escape?Doesheneedtoescape?33结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！34