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1、中外电视综艺节目模式创意比较中外电视综艺节目模式创意比较Comparison of Chinese and Overseas Variety Show Formats赵亚男Yanan Zhao概要概要 outline节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.国内创新节目模式的生产Domest
2、ic production of innovation program formats节目模式创新机制的构建与完善Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition1.节目模式program formats：*系列电视节目框架的书面材料；其规定主角做什么，并且在每一集中哪些框架将被不断重复。*The write
3、n materials of the frames of a series of TV programs which stipulate the role of protagonists and the repitition of certain frames in every episode.美国作家协会（1960）Authors Guild(1960)节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition1.节目模式program formats：对节目的具体样式节目形式和内容的各种基本组成元素的组合设计版式进行的标准化提炼。在电视作为文化工业的
4、生产流程当中，经过提炼后的节目模式可成为电视节目生产流水线上的某一种标准化生产的样板。Standard extraction of the specific mode of programs,including the combination of the basic elements of the form and content of programs.Program formats can be the standard mode in TV program production line in TV industry.袁靖华（2010）Jinghua Yuan(2010)节目模式与全球
5、电视竞争Program formats and global competition2.节目模式的一般组成要素：general elements of program formats：结构样式、编排样式、风格样式、表现形式的样式、定位、题材取向等。Patterns of structure,layout,style,expression,and target audience,themes,etc.优秀节目的节目模式一般具有较强的示范意义和市场引领价值。Successful program formats usually have guiding significance and market
6、 leading value.节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition3.模式创意与电视产业：program formats innovation and TV industry：创新是电视文化产业的推动力。各类创新的电视节目模式往往Innovation is the driven force of TV culture industry.All the successful innovative program formats always have the following features（1）或融合了时下最受人们关注的话题（1
7、）they either include recent hot issues in the society（2）或契合了时下观众最需要满足的收视心理（2）or meet psychological needs of the audience节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition3.模式创意与电视产业：program formats innovation and TV industry：（3）或体现了站在社会时代发展前沿的创新理念（3）or have cutting-edge innovation idea in the develop
8、ment of society（4）或代表了流行文化的时尚潮流等（4）or represent the recent fashion trend,etc.节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition3.模式创意与电视产业：program formats innovation and TV industry：思考：节目模式标准化与创新性的关系？Q:The relationship between the standardization and innovation of program formats?节目模式与全球电视竞争Program f
9、ormats and global competition3.模式创意与电视产业：program formats innovation and TV industry：节目模式的创新一旦取得成功，有时会导致系列化节目的复制生产，甚至产生同行仿制现象。从电视产业整体发展的宏观视角来看，节目模式的仿制是电视文化产业获得规模效应的必然过程。Once one innotative program format succeeds,it sometimes may lead to the duplication of a series of programs,or even peer copy.From
10、the macro perspective of the overall development of TV industry,the duplication of program formats is inevitable to obtain scale effect.节目模式与全球电视竞争Program formats and global competition3.模式创意与电视产业：program formats innovation and TV industry：规模效应的前提：完善对创意模式的知识产权保护，并提供实现创意模式产权交易的市场。The premise of scale
11、 effect:improving the system of intellectual property rights protection of innovation formats,and providing the platform for the trading of the proterty of innovation formats.一种被认可的流行节目模式往往被全球各地的电视节目市场追捧，模式的原创者可以获得巨额的模式版权收益。A widely accepted program format is usually popularized among the worldwide
12、TV program markets,and the format originators will get huge profits because of the copyright.韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea1.发展环境：（1）政策背景policy support：1998年韩国总统金大中上任后提出了“文化立国”的战略 the then South Korean president Kim Dae-jung proposed the policy of Strategies for Cultur
13、e Orientated National Development in 1998（2）政府资金支持financial support from the government（3）机构设置支持organizational support（4）人才培养支持personnel training support 陈艳平，盛 辉，人民论坛(2014)Yanping Chen,Hui Sheng,Peoples Tribune(2014)韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of inn
14、ovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man 游戏设定：成员与嘉宾先前往各个任务地点进行前期任务，由胜出的队伍或个人获得对最终任务有利之提示或权力，最后在最终任务地点完成最终任务 Game rules:7 members and guests need to complete pre-tasks,those who win in this stage will get priviledge in the stage of final task.Finally,they need to complete
15、 the final mission.韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man 优秀的主持和创作团队 wonderful hosts and program producing teama.主持群职业、相貌、个人 角色定位 occupation,appearance,role of the hostsb.在各种条件下摄像机跟踪 拍摄 one-on-one filming under all circumstancesc.后期剪辑 post-editin
16、g韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man 嘉宾明星效应 guests are celebrities 旅游宣传 tourist spots advertising 韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man 内容创新与回顾相结合 the combination of creation and retrospec
17、t 游戏奖励诱人，惩罚有趣 attractive reward and interesting punishment 韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man 标志性符号 unique symbols 与粉丝互动、公益性 the interaction with fans and the donation of prize 韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案
18、解析case study：（1）Running Man 视频分析观看 Running Man 151025 李光洙雪耻复仇 韩国创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（1）Running Man VS 奔跑吧兄弟 Running Man奔跑吧兄弟播出时间全年每周一集播出季每周一集成员情况演员、主持、歌手人数分布较均匀成员固定成员角色特色鲜明演员为主成员每季不固定成员角色不太鲜明内容特色固定特辑韩国特色，如泡菜无明显的固定特辑中国特色，如象棋广告植入无广告商logo随处可见韩国创新节
19、目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in South Korea2.个案解析case study：（2）韩版爸爸！我们去哪儿 VS 中国版爸爸去哪儿 爸爸！我们去哪儿爸爸去哪儿模式1位明星爸爸+1到2位宝宝为主1位明星爸爸+1位宝宝为主内容亲子互动孩子与孩子从小的亲情意识一对一亲子互动父亲照顾孩子的窘态主题亲子休闲旅游亲子生存大考验特色任务难度不大快乐美好的深度旅行体验任务难度略大父亲孩子共同成长过程儿童安全，亲子教育欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.
20、1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：（1）专业理念源自电视市场分工专业化（1）idea of specializationoriginated from the specialization of market division 具体来说，它意味着为制播分离、频道专业化、制作的专业化分工Specifically,it means Commission system(the separation of fabrication and transmission),channel specialization and specialized p
21、roduction of programs.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：制播分离Commission system(the separation of fabrication and transmission):围绕电视播出平台，有大量节目制作公司通过竞争，优胜劣汰，为电视节
22、目的播出平台提供各类优质新节目。Based on the rule of survival of the fittest,plenty of program production companies provide varied kinds of high quality new programs for TV program broadcast platforms.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in
23、Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：频道专业化和产业化：Channel specialization and industrialization:不同的频道都在各自的市场专属领域当中寻找自己的受众需求市场,满足受众的多元需求。Different channels find their own target audience in their own specialized fields to meet different needs of the audience.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of in
24、novation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：制作过程的专业化specialization of producing process专业主义的严格自我要求，有价值追求和原则性的规范。Strict self-discipline over specialization,strict code of value pursuit princi
25、ple building.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：（2）勇于突破创作理念（2）courageous breakthrough of existing works也就是说，不是到了节目播出之后才展开收视竞争，而是在策划层面、创意层面就开始了激烈的竞争。That is to
26、say,fierce competition begins in the early stage of program planning and creating,rather than after the program is go on the air.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program for
27、mats：（3）创新节目形式innovating program forms同样的故事，不同的呈现方式。same story,different presenting modes.如 通过对已有的多类节目模式进行重新整合，创造出全新模式，或将流行的真人秀模式嫁接到传统的节目类型当中，或在节目细节、演播室功能设置等方面进行创新e.g.reuniting different existing program formats to create a brand new format,or implanting the popular format of reality shows into trad
28、itional programs,or innovating upon program details,the function of studios.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式的创作理念：creative ideas of program formats：（4）精益求精的态度the attitude of pursuit of perfection对
29、镜头画面的选择与处理，剪辑技巧，音响效果处理等追求完美，一丝不苟。Pursuing of perfection with respect to the selection and handling of image,kills for editing and handling acoustic effects,etc.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case
30、 study：（1）真人秀类节目模式program formats of reality shows 新婚夫妇大考验Here come the newlyweds 公司company：ABC 节目介绍：主要通过真人秀的表现形式真实展示两性关系的种种话题，男女之间的不同，每对夫妻都要面临的问题等等。Program introduction:displaying all kinds of topics between both genders,the differences between male and female,the questions that every couple will f
31、ace,etc.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study：新婚夫妇大考验 Here come the newlyweds 分析analysis：a.真人秀元素的重新组合reuniting the elements of reality shows a)测试（心理测试、情感测试、关系测试）+游戏+竞赛 a)test(psychological te
32、st,emotional test,relationship test)+game+competition b)谈话+游戏+个性展示 conversation+game+personality display c)心理谈话+隐私故事 psychological conversation+privacy story 欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case s
33、tudy：新婚夫妇大考验 Here come the newlyweds b.参与者的选择强调并突出戏剧性，矛盾冲突和悬念设置巧妙而集中 b.typical and dramatic participants,skillful and centered conflicts and suspense c.游戏的娱乐性与教益性兼而有之 c.the games are both entertaining and enlightening 欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas
34、of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study：（2）室内游戏娱乐类节目模式entertaining program formats of indoors gaming 穿墙Hole in the wall 节目介绍：参赛者佩戴头盔、护肘和护膝，在几秒钟的时间内做出反应，使自己顺利穿墙，否则被墙推入身后的水中。Program introduction:wearing helmet,elbow support and kneecap,participants have a few seconds to make h
35、imself go through the wall,or they will be pulled into the pool behind.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study：穿墙Hole in the wall 分析analysis:a.现场观众与场内选手互动，狂 欢式娱乐氛围 the interaction between audie
36、nce and participants to create carnival styleatomosphere b.选手的戏剧效果 dramatic effect of participants c.墙洞的无穷变化 unpredictable change of the hole 欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study：（3）复合型的生活服务
37、类节目模式 improving the quality of family lifesyle program formats 蕾切尔蕾Rachael Ray 节目介绍：日间谈话节目，提供各类家居生活服务。Program introduction:a talk show aims to improve the quality of family lifestyle湖北卫视家政女皇湖北卫视家政女皇欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation progra
38、m formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study：蕾切尔蕾Rachael Ray 分析analysis a.谈话空间具有典型的家居气氛，自然体现了“为女性家庭生活服 务”的节目宗旨 the setting has typical family atmosphere,indicating the priciple of for womens family life b.观众被角色化的安排进了节目内容 the audience is characterized and arranged into the show欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of inn
39、ovation program formats in Europe and U.S.国内创新节目模式的生产Domestic production of innovation program formats欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.1.节目模式整合式创新 integrated innovation of program formats主题，题材，受众，结构安排等 subject,theme,target audience,structure,etc.融合中外文化资源 combining Chi
40、nese and overseas culture into the program欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.国内创新节目模式的生产Domestic production of innovation program formats欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.2.个案解析case study:（1）天天向上 Tian Tian Xiang Shang 节目介绍：program introduc
41、tion：礼仪娱乐综艺脱口秀，传播中华传统美德与礼仪风范 an entertainment talk show about etiquette,spreding Chinese traditional virtues and etiquette 欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.国内创新节目模式的生产Domestic production of innovation program formats欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Eu
42、rope and U.S.2.个案解析case study:(1)天天向上Tian Tian Xiang Shang 分析analysis：整合中华文化资源，实现礼仪文化的娱乐化表达adding Chinese culture element into the program,expressing traditional etiquette in a recreational way 社会服务内涵提升品位upgrading the taste of entertainment programs with the theme of serving the public “国际”“时尚”等元素，复
43、合型节目integreted program with international,fashionable elements 欧美创新节目模式的创意Ideas of innovation program formats in Europe and U.S.国内创新节目模式的生产Domestic production of innovation program formats节目模式创新机制的构建与完善Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats节目模式创新机制的构建与完善Construction
44、and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats节目模式创意的研发research of program format节目模式创意的成品化producing of program format知识版权和产品销售intellectual copyright and product selling节目播出program broadcasting观众收看the audience tune in to the program节目模式创新机制的构建与完善Construction and improvement of Innovation mechanism of program formats1.知识产权保护 Intellectual copyright protection2.原创性节目 Originality of programs3.产业化发展 Industrial development参考文献ReferenceRobin Meadow.1970:Television Formats-The Search for Protections.58 Cal.L.Rev.p1169.陈艳平,盛 辉.从韩国文化立国战略看国家软实力的提升EB/OL.人民论坛,2014-4-11,http:/