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1、专题六 交际用语口语谈论天气练习1.英美人谈论天气，除个别情况是实实在在地了解天气情况外，其他绝大局部情况都不是 为了天气而谈天气，而是为了引入新的话题。比方旅行的人们坐在车上，彼此互不认识，假 假设大家都默默地坐着，那未免太尴尬，而让人难受。为了打破这种冷局，人们就得无话找话 说，说什么呢？在英美人看来，最方便也是最平安的方法，就是谈论天气。因为天气这一话 题人人都可以发表见解，且不涉及他人私事(英美人视打听私事为大忌)，也不至于失礼或引 起误解。(另外，据说英国人尤其喜欢谈论天气，还与他们国家的多变天气有关，英国是世 界上少有的几个天气异常多变的国家之一，那里往往是上午还是阳光普照，下午就
2、会大雨淋 漓，一小时前还是晴空万里，一小时后就会雾都茫茫。因此，谈论或预测天气很自然就成了 英国人最经常的话题)。谈论天气不仅仅是陌生人之间为了答腔或引入话题的惯用手段，就 是熟悉人甚至朋友之间也常用之。1) sunny (fine, clear)晴朗的 2) cloudy 多云的(阴天)3) rainy 下雨的 4) wet 雨 天 5) drizzle (fine rain) 毛毛雨 6) light rain 小雨 7) rain Shower 阵雨8) few Showers 短暂阵雨 9) light Rain Shower 小阵雨 10) heavy rain (pour/down
3、pour) 大雨 11) sleet 雨夹雪 12) downpour, shower 暴雨 13) storm / tempest 暴风 14) snowy 下雪的 15) light Snow 小雪 16) Heavy snow 大雪 17) Snow Shower 阵雪 18) light Snow Shower 小阵雪 19) few Snow Showers 短暂阵雪 20) frost 霜 21) frosty 霜冻 22) hail (hailstone)冰雹 23) thunder 雷 24) lightning 闪电 25) foggy 有雾 26) Haze (misty)
4、薄雾 27) fog 浓雾 28) rainbow 彩虹 29) windy,刮 风的 30) gust of wind阵风31) light breeze 轻风32) fresh breeze 清风 33) breeze(gentle breeze) 微风 34) gale wind (heavy / high wind)大风 35) stormy wind (violent storm )暴风 36) strong breeze 强风 37) hurricane 飓风 38) typhoon 台 风 39) whirlwind (tornado) 龙卷风 40) northwester 西
5、北风 41) southwester 西 南风 42) Southeaster 东南风 43) Northeaster 东北风 44) north wind 北风 45) east wind 东风 46) souther 南风 47) wester 西风 57) subzero 零度以下58) Weather forecast 天气预报L询问天气情况的常用套语：How s the weather today? 今天天气怎样？What? s the weather like today?今天天气怎样？How s the weather tomorrow?明天天气怎样？What was the w
6、eather like yesterday? 昨天天气怎样？What will the weather be like tomorrow?明天天气怎样？How s the weather in Beijing in summer?夏天北京天气怎样？What? s the weather like in London in winter? 伦敦冬天天气怎样？Is the weather always like this?天气老是这样吗？Is it always as hot (cold) as this?天气总是这样热(冷)吗？ What do you think of the weather
7、here?你认为这儿天气怎样？ How do you like our weather?你认为我们这儿天气怎样？ What? s the temperature today, do you know?今天的气温是多少，你知道吗？ What does the weather forecast man say?天气预报是怎么说的？ What? s the weather forecast for tomorrow?明天的天气预报怎么说？冠词重点知识归纳及讲解（一）概说.冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。 英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词the2）不定冠词a/a
8、n定冠词the通常读作口，在元音前读作i,特别强调或单念时读作i:。不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式，读作n；在其他情况下那么使用a,读作 o1 .冠词的基本意义不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。例如：She is a nurse.她是个护士。He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife.他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子。定冠词the,与this同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但比拟弱，表示一（几）个特定的 人或东西，有时可译作“这个（些）”或“那个（些）”。例如：That? s the book you wa
9、nt.这就是你要的那本书。Who s the young man over there?那边那个年轻人是谁？但在很多情况下，“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。例如：Put it on the table.把它放在桌上。Shut the door, please. 请把门关上。2 .特指和泛指一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种情况，请比拟下面的句子：A gentleman is asking to see you.有位先生要求见你。（泛指）Ask the gentleman to come in.请那位先生进来。（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时那么有三种情况：1）在可数名词单数前加不
10、定冠词。 例如：She sent me a postcard她寄给我一张明信片。2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用some, any这类词。例如：These are new words. 这些是生词。She sent me some flowers.她送给我一些花。3）在不可数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加some, any等。例如：It s lovely weather. 天气真好。Do you want any sugar in your tea?你茶里要放点糖吗？Give us some help.给我们一些帮助。（二）不定冠词的基本用法.泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别（不一
11、定译为“一”）例如：His father is a doctor.他父亲是医生。1 .代表某一类人或事物，相当于any （+名词）（不必译为“一”，但必须用a,表示类别） 例如：A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。2 .指某人或某物（不是指某一类），但不具体说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）例如：This book was written by a worker.这本书是一1 位工人写的。3 .表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有。ne强烈（一般译为“一”） 例如：Wait a moment.等一下。4 .表示单位，相当于“每”的意思例如：We have t
12、hree meals a day.我们每日吃三餐。5 .用于某此固定词组中例如：a few, a little, a bit （of）, a lot of 等。（三）定冠词的基本用法.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物例如：Give me the book.把那本书给我。1 .指谈话双方都知道的人或事物例如：Where is the doctor?医生在哪儿?2 .再次提到上文提到过的人或事物例如：I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home.昨天我买了一本词典。词典在家里。3 .用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物例如：Th
13、e earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。4 .用在序数词和形容词最高级前例如：Mr Wang teaches the first class.王先生上第一节课。Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。5 .用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物例如：The horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。6 .与以下专有名词连用1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前例如：the
14、Changjiang River, the Great Lake2）在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人例如：The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table.格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。7 .和某些形容词连用，表示一类人例如：the old 老人 the young 年轻人the rich 富人 the poor 穷人the sick病人the dead死人9.在一些习惯说法中the east (west, south, north)in the morning (afternoon, evening)on the left (right) in
15、 the endgo to the cinema(四)不用冠词的几种情况.在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前例如：Have you ever been to Shanghai?你到过上海吗？ We love science.我们爱好科学。1 .在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前例如：Girls can be scientists.女孩子可以当科学家。2 .在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前例如：It is hot in summer. 夏天天气热。It9 s Tuesday, August the 22nd.今天是八月二十二日，星期三。Have you had breakfast?你吃过早饭没有？
16、3 .称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前例如：What? s the matter with you, Mike?怎么啦，迈克？He is headmaster of our school.他是我们学校的校长。4 .学科和球类运动的名称前例如：We study English.我们学习英语。Do you like to play football?你喜欢踢足球吗？5 .名词前已有用作定语的this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each 等代词时，不用冠词例如：That is her bike那是她的自行车。Each student in
17、 his class studies hard.这个班的每个学生都努力学习。6 .在某些固定词组的名词前例如：at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed 等。三、随堂监测A组I.在以下句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用表示：1. This is old map. It is useful map.2. We have no classes in afternoon on Saturday.3. spaceship flies at about
18、 eleven kilometerssecond.4. Beijing is capital of China. It is beautiful city.5. Roman was not built in day.6. Chinese is quite difficult language for Mike.7. Many students will take active part in sports meet.8. There isinteresting picture on wall.9. Jenny found wallet lying on ground. wallet was M
19、r.Black s.10. Which is biggest, sun, moon, or earth?11. Which picture is more beautiful?one on left, I think.12. Which is way tohospital? Go down this road and turn left on second crossing.13. more,better.14. Turners are sitting at breakfast table.15. Joe Hill was fighter for working class.16. When
20、was People s Republic of China founded?17. In China first English textbooks were published in late nineteenth century.18. After breakfast he went to school on foot.19. Huanghe River lies in north of China.20.He likes playing football. His sister likes playing piano.II.1.单项选择：上学A. go to schoolB. go t
21、o the schoolC. go to a school2.住院A, in the hospitalB. in a hospitalC. in hospital3.止匕亥UA. at the momentB. at a momentC. at moment4.在课堂上 A. in classB. in a classC. in the class5.在地球上 A. on earthB. on an earthC. on the earth6.步彳亍A. on footB. on the footC. on feet7.吃饭A. at a tableB. at the tableC. at t
22、able8.乘公共汽车 A. take busB. by busC. by the bus9.在家A. at the homeB. at a homeC. at home10.在工作 A. at workB. at the workC. at works11.EK高A. jump highB. high jumpC. the high jump12.坐飞机 A. by airB. by the airC. on airl3.乘火车A. by the trainB. by trainC. on train14.在校学习 A. in the schoolB. in schoolC. in scho
23、ols15.睡觉 A. go to bedB. go to the bedC. go to a bed16.感冒 A. have a coldB. have the coldC. have cold17.乘船 A. by shipB. on shipC. by a ship18.玩得痛快 A have good times B. have a good timeC. have good times19.事实上 A. in the factB. in factsC. in fact21.从早至U晚 A. from morning to the evening B. from morning to
24、 eveningC. from a morning to an evening四、随堂监测B组III.选择填空:1. There is old woman in the car.A. /B. theC. a2. Shanghai is in east of China.A. /B. anC. the3. Bill isEnglish teacher. He likesA. a, theB. an, theC. a,D. anD. a playing football./ D. /, /hour to go there by4. The museum is quite far. It will
25、take you halfbus.A. an, /B. an, aC. a, / D. /, /The story is interesting. That means it is interesting story.A. an, theB. the, a.C. /, an D. /, aLet s go for walk, shall we?A. aB. anC. the D. /This is interesting story-book and it is also useful one.A. a, aB, an, anC. an, a D. a, an woman over there
26、 is popular teacher in our school.A. A, anB. The, aC. The , the D. A, theThey passed our schoolday before yesterday.A. anB. oneC. a D. theAustralia is English-speaking country.A. aB. anC. theD. /Don t playbasketball here. It s dangerous.A. aB. anC. /D. theC. a, an D. an, the I left it here just now.
27、C. a, an D. an, the I left it here just now.5. This is apple. It s big apple.A. an, aB. a, theHave you seen bag?Is it one on the chair near the door?A. a, aB. the, the14. I have blue coat.A. aB. an15. This is orange. A. a, TheB. an, TheC. a, theD. the, aC. the D. some orange is on the table.C. an, A
28、nD. the, AnHave you had breakfast?A. aB. anC. the D. /He wondered when the doctor could finishoperation. A. aB.anC. theD. anyAfter supper, he stayed at home and playedviolin.A. the, theB. /, theC. /, aD. /, /There is apple on the plate.A. aB. anC. theD. /20. He said that he gotC in the test.A.21.new
29、B. anC. thebridge has been built overA.22.A.23.The, aEnglish is an, theIn the word B. A, /C. A, theuseful language inD. /Huangpu River.D. An, an world.A.24.theB. a, the cariage” B. anC.C. aWith the help of his teacher he studied test.the, theis lost.D. /hard and gotD. an, an“ A” intheA.25.aIisB. anh
30、ave two dogs,three years old.C. theblack one is two yearsD. one old andyellowoneA. A,26.Li Dan can playB. The, a pianoA.27.WhatA.28.a, theB. a interesting filmB. a, atall man over there isC. The, the very well.C. an it is! I likeC. an, theourD. A.theA. A, theB. The, aD. thefilmD.very much.The, /Engl
31、ish teacher.C. A, anD. The, /What? s the average temperature in London on a summers day?伦敦夏天的平均气温 是多少？2 .谈论天气变化的常用套语：It looks like rain raining.看来要下雨了。It looks as if it s going to rain.像要下雨了。It s going to rain.要下雨了。It， s beginning to rain. 开始下雨了。It s clearing up.天放晴了。It s going to be fine tomorrow.
32、明天将是个晴天。It seems to be clearing up.天似乎要转晴了。It s getting warmer (and warmer). 天气越来越暖和了。I think there? 11 be a storm soon.我看很快就会有场暴风雨。I don t think the rain would last long.我看这雨不会下很久的。I think the rain is going to last all day.我看这雨会下个整天了。We re going to have a snowfall today. 今天会下雪了。The rain is setting
33、in. 雨下起来了。I m so glad it has turned out fine.我真高兴结果是个好天。I? m so sorry it has turned out wet. 真遗憾结果是个下雨天。I hope it will keep fine.我希望天会一直晴下去。I hope the weather stays this way.我希望天气总是这么好。I hope it won t rain.我希望天不会下雨。The rain has stopped. 雨停了。3 .评论天气的常用套语：Lovely day weather, isn t it?天气真好，是吗？Nice and
34、warm today, isn t it?今天挺暖和的，是吗？Very hot today, isn t it?今天很热，是吗？Rather cold today, isn t it?今天很冷，是吗？Terrible weather, isn t it?天气真糟，是吗？Pretty warm, isn t it?挺暖和的，是吗？Isn t it lovely weather?天气真好。Isn t it a lovely day? 天气真好。It s raining heavily. 雨下得真大。It s much colder than (it was) yesterday.今天比昨天冷多了。
35、It s rather windy today. 今天风很大。It s quite cool here in August.这里八月份很凉快。What a lovely day!天气真好。What fine weather we re having! 天气真好。4 .表示气温的常用套语；It s eighteen degrees Centigrade 18 C today.今天气温是摄氏 18 度。It s eighteen degrees Fahrenheit 18 F today.今天气温是华氏 18 度。The temperature has climbed to 35 C.气温已上升到
36、摄氏 35 度。It? s five above (zero).气温是 5 度。It s five below (zero).气温是零下 5 度。It s 25 degrees.气温是 25 度。The temperature will drop twenty below.气温将会降到零下 20 度。The highest temperature during the day will be five below zero. 白天最高气温零下 5度。On a very hot day, he temperature reaches 35 C.在很热的日子里，气温可到达摄氏 35度。The we
37、ather forecast says the highest temperature will be 3 degrees centigrade, and the lowest 6 degrees blow zero.天气预报说最高气温是3度，最低气温零下6度。according to the weather forecast, the temperature is expected to reach hit 40 degrees centigrade.根据天气预报，气温可达摄氏40度。A: I really want to go to the beach this weekend.B: Th
38、at sounds like fun. What，s the weather going to be like?A: I heard that its going to be warm this weekend.B: Is it going to be perfect beach weather?A: I believe so.C: Good. I hope it doesn，t cool off this weekend.A: I know. I really want to go to the beach.B: But you know that California weather is
39、 really unpredictable.A: Youre right. One minute its hot, and then the next minute its cold.B: I really wish the weather would just stay the same.A: I do too. That way we can have our activities planned ahead of time.B: Yeah, that would make things a lot easier.2I would like to take a trip to the be
40、ach this weekend.A: A trip to the beach would be fun. How is the weather going to be?A: The forecast says that it will be warm on the weekend.B: So do you think it11 be perfect weather for the beach?A: It sounds like it will be.B: I really hope it doesn，t get cold.A: That would ruin things, I want t
41、o go so badly.B: The weather in California is unpredictable, so you never know.A: That is true. The weather is constantly changing.B: It would be nice if the weather would never change.A: That would be great, then we could plan things sooner.B: True. Predictable weather would make life easier.3It wo
42、uld be nice to go to the beach sometime this weekend.A: Whats the weather going to be like? I may want to go too.A: The weather this weekend is supposed to be warm.B: Will it be good beach weather?A: I think it will be.B: It wouldnt be good if it got cold this weekend.A: I want this trip to be perfe
43、ct, I hope it stays warm.B: This California weather is so uncertain, its impossible to know what 11 happen.A: I know. Every day the weather seems different.B: I would love it if it wasn，t always so unpredictable.A: That would make it easier for us to make plans.B: I know. Things are easier when you
44、know what the weathers going to be like.Part 1A: It looks like its going to be sunny.今天看来像是个晴天。B: Yes, its much better than yesterday.是的，比昨天好多了。A: They say were going to get some rain later.据说待会儿要下雨。B: Oh, lets just hope it stays维持某种状态warm.哦，我只希望一直暖和下去。PART 2A: I think its going to be a nice day.我想今
45、天会是一个好天。B: Its certainly a big improvement over yesterday.肯定比昨天大有好转。A: But it，s supposed to get cloudy and windy again this afternoon.但是，据说今天下午又要转阴刮风了。B: Well, the worst of the winter should be over.不过，冬天最糟糕的一段日子总该过去了。Part 3A: It seems to be clearing up.看来天要放晴了。B: Its such a nice change.真实令人高兴的转变。A:
46、 I really don，t think this weather will last.我确实认为这样的好天长不了。B: Let，s just hope it doesn，t get cold again.但愿不会再冷。PART 4A: Beautiful day, isn，t it?今天天气真好，是不是？B: Yes, its not like what the radio said at all.是的,一点也不像收音机里说的那样。A: I wish it would stay this way for the weekend.但愿整个周末都能保持这样的好天气。B: As long as it doesn，t snow!只要不下雪就行啊！西北：预计，11-13日，受冷空气影响，新疆北部和西部、西北地区东部将有阵雨或小到中 雨，新疆北部有4-6级偏北风，气温将下降。15T7日，又将有冷空气影响西北地区，新疆 北部和西部、西北东部的偏西地区将有阵雨或小雨，新疆北部有4-6级偏北风，气温还将有 所下降。Northwest China: September 11 to 13, affected by streams of cold air, northern and western Xinji