《2022年小升初总复习数学归纳讲解及训练 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年小升初总复习数学归纳讲解及训练 .pdf（33页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、学习好资料欢迎下载小学数学总复习专题讲解及训练（五）模拟试题一、圆柱体积1、求下面各圆柱的体积。（1）底面积 0.6 平方米，高0.5 米（2）底面半径是3 厘米，高是5 厘米。（3）底面直径是8 米，高是10 米。（4）底面周长是25.12 分米，高是2 分米。2、有两个底面积相等的圆柱，第一个圆柱的高是第二个圆柱的4/7。第一个圆柱的体积是24立方厘米，第二个圆柱的的体积比第一个圆柱多多少立方厘米？3、在直径0.8 米的水管中，水流速度是每秒2 米，那么1 分钟流过的水有多少立方米？4、牙膏出口处直径为5 毫米，小红每次刷牙都挤出1 厘米长的牙膏。这支牙膏可用36 次。该品牌牙膏推出的新包
2、装只是将出口处直径改为6 毫米，小红还是按习惯每次挤出1 厘米长的牙膏。这样，这一支牙膏只能用多少次？5、一根圆柱形钢材，截下1.5 米，量得它的横截面的直径是4 厘米。如果每立方厘米钢重7.8克，截下的这段钢材重多少千克？（得数保留整千克数。）学习好资料欢迎下载6、把一个棱长6 分米的正方体木块，削成一个最大的一圆柱体，这个圆柱的体积是多少立方分米？7、右图是一个圆柱体，如果把它的高截短3 厘米，它的表面积减少94.2 平方厘米。这个圆柱体积减少多少立方厘米？二、圆锥体积1、选择题。（1）一个圆锥体的体积是a 立方米，和它等底等高的圆柱体体积是()31a 立方米 3a 立方米 9 立方米（2
3、）把一段圆钢切削成一个最大的圆锥体，圆柱体体积是6 立方米，圆锥体体积是()立方米 6 立方米 3 立方米 2 立方米2、判断对错。（1）圆柱的体积相当于圆锥体积的3倍（）（2）一个圆柱体木料，把它加工成最大的圆锥体，削去的部分的体积和圆锥的体积比是2：1（）（3）一个圆柱和圆锥等底等高，体积相差21 立方厘米，圆锥的体积是7 立方厘米（）3、填空（1）一个圆柱体积是18 立方厘米，与它等底等高的圆锥的体积是（）立方厘米。（2）一个圆锥的体积是18 立方厘米，与它等底等高的圆柱的体积是（）立方厘米。（3）一个圆柱与和它等底等高的圆锥的体积和是144 立方厘米。圆柱的体积是（）立方厘米，圆锥的体
4、积是（）立方厘米。4、求下列圆锥体的体积。（1）底面半径4 厘米，高6 厘米。（2）底面直径6 分米，高8 厘米。文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T
5、1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8
6、Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I
7、9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q
8、9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4
9、G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J
10、2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5文档编码:CJ4G8Y3M3E1 HC9J2I9N1O7 ZL10M1Q9T1G5学习好资料欢迎下载（3）底面周长31.4 厘米，高 12 厘米。5、一个圆锥形沙堆，高是 1.5 米，底面半径是2 米，每立方米沙重1.8 吨。这堆沙
11、约重多少吨？6、一个近似圆锥形的麦堆，底面周长12.56 米，高 1.2 米，如果每立方米小麦重750 千克，这堆小麦重多少千克？7、一个长方体容器，长5 厘米，宽 4 厘米，高 3 厘米，装满水后将水全部倒入一个高6 厘米的圆锥形的容器内刚好装满。这个圆锥形容器的底面积是多少平方厘米？参考答案：一、圆柱体积1、求下面各圆柱的体积。（1）底面积 0.6 平方米，高0.5 米 0.6 0.5=0.3（立方米）（2）底面半径是3 厘米，高是5 厘米。3.14 3 2 5=141.3（立方厘米）（3）底面直径是8 米，高是10 米。3.14（82）210=502.4（立方米）（4）底面周长是25.1
12、2 分米，高是2 分米。3.14（25.12 3.14 2）2 2=100.48（立方分米）2、有两个底面积相等的圆柱，第一个圆柱的高是第二个圆柱的4/7。第一个圆柱的体积是24立方厘米，第二个圆柱的的体积比第一个圆柱多多少立方厘米？底面积相等的两个圆柱，第一个圆柱的高是第二个圆柱的4/7，第一个圆柱的体积也就是是第二个圆柱的4/7。24 4/7 24=18（立方厘米）答：第二个圆柱的的体积比第一个圆柱多18 立方厘米。文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7
13、J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1
14、 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7
15、J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1
16、 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7
17、J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1
18、 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7
19、J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8学习好资料欢迎下载3、在直径0.8 米的水管中，水流速度是每秒2 米，那么1 分钟流过的水有多少立方米？3.14（0.8 2）2 2 60=60.288（立方米）答：那么1 分钟流过的水有60.288 立方米。4、牙膏出口处直径为5 毫米，小红每次刷牙都挤出1 厘米长的牙膏。这支牙膏可用36 次。该品牌牙膏推出的新包装只是将出口处直径改为6 毫米，小红还是按习惯每次挤出1 厘米长的牙膏。这样，这一支牙膏只能用多少次？牙膏体积：1 厘米 =10毫米3.14（52）2 10 36=7065（立方毫米）7065 3.14（62）2 10
20、=25（次）答：这样，这一支牙膏只能用25 次。5、一根圆柱形钢材，截下1.5 米，量得它的横截面的直径是4 厘米。如果每立方厘米钢重7.8克，截下的这段钢材重多少千克？（得数保留整千克数。）1.5 米=150厘米3.14（4 2）2 150 7.8=14695.2（克）=14.6952（千克）15（千克）答：截下的这段钢材重15 千克。6、把一个棱长6 分米的正方体木块，削成一个最大的一圆柱体，这个圆柱的体积是多少立方分米？3.14（62）2 6=169.56（立方分米）答：这个圆柱的体积是169.56 立方分米。7、右图是一个圆柱体，如果把它的高截短3 厘米，它的表面积减少94.2 平方厘
21、米。这个圆柱体积减少多少立方厘米？底面周长：94.2 3=31.4厘米 3.14（31.4 3.14 2）2 3=235.5（立方厘米）答：这个圆柱体积减少235.5 立方厘米。二、圆锥体积1、选择题。（1）一个圆锥体的体积是a 立方米，和它等底等高的圆柱体体积是()31a 立方米 3a 立方米 9 立方米文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8
22、P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:C
23、R7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8
24、P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:C
25、R7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8
26、P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:C
27、R7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8学习好资料欢迎下载（2）把一段圆钢切削成一个最大的圆
28、锥体，圆柱体体积是6 立方米，圆锥体体积是()立方米 6 立方米 3 立方米 2 立方米2、判断对错。（1）圆柱的体积相当于圆锥体积的3倍（）（2）一个圆柱体木料，把它加工成最大的圆锥体，削去的部分的体积和圆锥的体积比是2：1（）（3）一个圆柱和圆锥等底等高，体积相差21 立方厘米，圆锥的体积是7 立方厘米（）3、填空（1）一个圆柱体积是18 立方厘米，与它等底等高的圆锥的体积是（6）立方厘米。（2）一个圆锥的体积是18 立方厘米，与它等底等高的圆柱的体积是（54）立方厘米。（3）一个圆柱与和它等底等高的圆锥的体积和是144 立方厘米。圆柱的体积是（108）立方厘米，圆锥的体积是（36）立方厘
29、米。4、求下列圆锥体的体积。（1）底面半径4 厘米，高6 厘米。313.14 4 26=100.48（立方厘米）（2）底面直径6 分米，高8 厘米。31 3.14（60 2）28=7536（立方厘米）（3）底面周长31.4 厘米，高 12 厘米。313.14（31.4 3.14 2）212=314（立方厘米）5、一个圆锥形沙堆，高是 1.5 米，底面半径是2 米，每立方米沙重1.8 吨。这堆沙约重多少吨？313.14 2 21.5 1.8=11.304（吨）答：这堆沙约重11.304 吨。6、一个近似圆锥形的麦堆，底面周长12.56 米，高 1.2 米，如果每立方米小麦重750 千克，这堆小麦
30、重多少千克？313.14（12.56 3.14 2）21.2 750=3768（千克）答：这堆小麦重3768 千克。7、一个长方体容器，长5 厘米，宽 4 厘米，高 3 厘米，装满水后将水全部倒入一个高6 厘米的圆锥形的容器内刚好装满。这个圆锥形容器的底面积是多少平方厘米？5 4 3=60（立方厘米）60 3 6=30（平方厘米）答：这个圆锥形容器的底面积是30 平方厘米文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I
31、6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C
32、4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I
33、6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C
34、4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I
35、6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C
36、4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I
37、6D6Z5M8学习好资料欢迎下载小学数学总复习专题讲解及训练（六）主要内容比例的意义和基本性质学习目标1、使学生初步理解图形的放大和缩小，能利用方格纸按一定比例将简单图形放大或缩小，初步体会图形的相似，进一步发展空间观念。2、使学生联系图形的放大和缩小理解比例的意义和作用，认识比例的“项”、“内项”和“外项”；理解并掌握比例的基本性质，会应用比例的基本性质解比例。3、使学生在认识比例、应用比例的过程中，进一步体会不同领域数学内容的内在联系，增强用数和图形描述现实问题的意义和能力，丰富解决问题的策略，发展对数学的积极情感。考点分析1、把一个图形按一定比放大或缩小，就是把它的每条边按一定的比放大或
38、缩小。2、表示两个比相等的式子叫做比例。3、组成比例的四个数，叫做比例的项。两端的两项叫做比例的外项，中间的两项叫做比例的内项。4、在比例里，两个外项的积等于两个内项的积。这叫做比例的基本性质。5、根据比例的基本性质，如果已知比例中的任意三项，就可以求出这个比例中的另一个未知项。求比例的未知项，叫做解比例。典型例题例 1、（把图形按某个比相应放大或缩小，形状没有改变，只是大小变了）A B C（1）长方形A的长是 1.5 厘米，宽是1 厘米；长方形B的长是 3 厘米，宽是2 厘米。这两个长方形的长有什么关系？宽呢？（2）如果要把长方形A按 1:2的比缩小，长和宽应是原来的几分之几？各是多少？分析
39、与解：（1）长方形B的长是长方形A的 2 倍，宽也是长方形A的 2 倍。或者说长方形B和长方形 A长的比是2:1，宽的比也是2:1。把长方形的每条边放大到原来的2 倍，放大后的长方形的长和宽与原来长方形的比是 2:1，就是把长方形A的长和宽按2:1 的比进行放大。（2）把长方形A按 1:2 的比缩小后为长方形C，长、宽缩小为原来的21，图 C的长是 0.75 厘米，图C的宽是 0.5 厘米。由此可见，放大或缩小前后图形形状没有改变，还是长方形，只是大小变了。例 2、（根据指定的比，将图形按要求放大或缩小）先按 3:2 的比画出长方形A放大后的图形B，再按 1:2 的比画出长方形A缩小后的图形C
40、。（1）文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4
41、 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6
42、Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4
43、 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6
44、Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4
45、 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6
46、Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8学习好资料欢迎下载图 B的长、宽各是几格？（2）图 C呢？（3）观察这三幅图形，你有什么发现？A B C 分析与解：（1）按 3:2 的比将长方形A放大，即将长方形A的长与宽分别扩大1.5 倍，那么图B的长为 61.5=9格，宽为41.5=6格。（2）按 1:2 的比将长方形A缩小，即将长方形A的长与宽分别缩小到原来的21，那么图C的长为 62=3
47、格，宽为42=2 格。（3）从这三幅大小不同的图形上可以看出，放大或缩小后的图形与原来的图形比较，大小虽变了，但形状不变，而且各条边长度的变化都符合指定的比。点评：按比例放大图形或缩小图形，关键是要先根据比确定是放大还是缩小，然后确定好每条边的长度，画出图形就行了。例 3、（将两个相等比写成一个等式）图 B 是由图 A 放大后得到的，你能分别写出这两幅图中各自的长与宽的比吗？比较写出的两个比，你有什么发现？B A 3 厘米 6厘米4 厘米8 厘米分析与解：（1）图 A 中长与宽的比是4:3；图 B 中长与宽的原始比是8:6，而 8:6 化简后就是4:3。（2）这两个比化简后都是4:3，比值相等
48、，说明这两个比可以写成一个等式。即4:3=8:6或34=68，都读作：4 比 3 等于 8 比 6。例 4、（认识比例）下面哪几组中的两个比能组成比例，把组成的比例写下来。（1）5：6 和 15：18 （2）0.2：0.1 和3：1（3）21：31和1.2：0.8（4）6：2 和83：81分析与解：分别求出每组中两个比的比值，如果相等就能组成比例，不相等就不能组成比例。文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6
49、D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4
50、W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6D6Z5M8文档编码:CR7J4Y5C4W4 HO1A5C7Q8P1 ZD7I6