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1、2022年武汉体育学院体育科技学院自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2007.04 Having decided to rent a flat, we contacting housing agenciesin the city.A、set aboutB、set downC、set outD、set up【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查关于set的短语。contacting housing agencies：联系房屋 中介。根据句意，应该选set about。set about：开始做某事。set down：放下， 搁下；记下，记载，写下。set out：出发，开始
2、，后面跟to do sth。set up：建 立（事业）；成立（组织）；为某人提供必需品或有用的东西。第2题【单项选择题】The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia,it is not technically legal there.A、ifB、otherwiseC、althoughD、unless【正确答案】c【答案解析】本句的意思是“虽然荷兰是欧洲唯一允许安乐死的国家，但是安乐 死在荷兰严格说来并不合法，所以应该填although。【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞
3、30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are
4、 also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities b
5、est illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精
6、力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal sy
7、stem becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have10 the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon
8、 the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishmen
9、t. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions
10、 of law是此题的答案。第22题【单项选择题】It contributed to our lives.A、 saveB、savingC、have savedD saved【正确答案】B【答案解析】contributes中的to是介词，所以空格中要用动名词的形式。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:, For e
11、xample, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching11 the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space
12、program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average
13、 on national tests in reading and math.D、 Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the litt
14、le wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University
15、of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because.A、sh
16、e had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。0nly是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对 照原文第一自然段最后一句话 there was something quite exceptional about this woman说她有些特别的地方，接着
17、第二自然段就讲In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to12 the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大局部积攒的钱捐献 给了家乡的大学，A和B表达都不全面，答案是C。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing so
18、me piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinio
19、n, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述，即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第26题【单项选择题】2009.04 We go out to restaurants, but most
20、ly we eat at home.A、occasionallyB、relativelyC、continuallyD、absolutely【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词意义辨析。译文：我们偶尔外出去餐馆吃饭，但通常 是在家吃饭。详细解答：A偶尔地、偶然地、不经常；B相对地、比拟地；C持 续地、不间断地；D完全地。13第27题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year; in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day pe
21、ople usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第28题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant mo
22、rning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer/s end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include p
23、lants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the14 ner
24、vous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is th
25、e warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第30题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to t
26、he child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and ge
27、t on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、 when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是Bo第31题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty.
28、 We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to15cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第32题【单项选择题】阅读判断】Five neighbors at a cen
29、tral Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： Z/How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是“这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社
30、区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第33题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-g
31、round lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface.16A、is pos
32、itively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第34题【单项选择题】2009.10 Scientists doubt whether its to regulate one/s biological clock bydrinking.A、fea
33、sibleB、incredibleC、fashionableD、valuable【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。科学家怀疑通过喝酒来调整人体生物钟 是否可行。A可行的、可能且合理的B不可相信的、难以置信的C时髦的、时尚的D贵重的、珍贵的第35题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显
34、然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地，17直立地D实际上，事实上第36题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Children have a natural about the world around them.A、certaintyB、capabilityC、clevernessD、curiosity【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义 选择。A确定性，肯定的事；B能力，才能；C精明，聪颖；D好奇心，求知 欲。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about y
35、ourself., This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.A、If you are feeling down, you normally don/t sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures.C、 Body
36、language differs from culture to culture.D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到this”会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第38题【单项选择题】18阅读选择War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural
37、impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats
38、to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive
39、 behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has
40、been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就
41、在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us, which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us
42、build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving （感知）reality and everything that19第3题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and
43、on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to dete
44、riorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB、Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理
45、解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co第4题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiri
46、bati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题目说的是：Kiribati的人民担忧他们的国家将被突发 surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thinks that our future is decided main
47、ly by.A、a superior force like GodB our way of being, such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有 超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being可知，作者认为影响我们未来的最主要的因
48、素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第40题【单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第41题【单项选择题】2009.04)I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、be20C、will have beenD could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟