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1、第四节地球的圈层结构导学案 学习目标 1.理解地球具有圈层结构,并能概括出各圈层的主要特点。2.学会根据地震波划分地球内部圈层。3.运用图表了解地球表层的含义,并用具体实例说明地球表层的特点。自主学习 问题一、地球的内部圈层1、当地震发生时,地下岩石受到强烈冲击,产生弹性震动,并以波的形式向四周传播,这种叫地震波。纵波(P 波)纵波传播速度较,可以通过、和传播。2、地震波横波(S波)横波的传播速度较,只能通过传播。知识拓展:1、当地震来临时是先感觉到上下颠簸还是左右摇晃?2、当地震爆发时在海里行使的轮船上的人将有什么感觉?3、波速发生突然变化的面叫做。莫霍界面地下平均千米,纵波和横波的传播速度
2、明显。4、不连续面古登堡界面地下千米,纵波传播速度突然,横波。5、以莫霍界面和古登堡界面为界,可以把地球内部划分为、和三个圈层。思考题:认真思考课本P22图 1.26 地球的内部圈层结构。明确各个圈层结构的划分及特点。6、和,有坚硬的岩石组成,合称为岩石圈。问题二、地球的外部圈层1、地球的外部圈层包括、等。2、水圈是由地球表层水体构成的但的圈层。3、生物圈包括、和。活动题:地球表层所具有的三个特点。训练应用 1.地球的圈层结构包括_和_两大部分。()A.地壳与地幔 B.内部圈层与外部圈层C.生物圈、岩石圈 D.水圈与大气圈2.地球内部圈层的划分依据是()A 对火山喷发物的研究 B通过打深井而获
3、得的信息C地震波的传播速度变化而形成的不连续界面 D ABC都可以3.有关地震波的说法,正确的是()A 地震波分为纵波和横波 B 横波的传播速度较慢,可以穿过固态、液态、气态三态物质 C 纵波的传播速度较快,可以穿过固态、液态、气态三态物质 D 纵波传播的速度随经过的物质不同而发生变化,而横波不变4.古登堡界面是()A 地壳和地幔的界线B地幔和地核的界线 C 岩石圈和地幔的界线D上地幔和下地幔的界线5.有关岩石圈的叙述,正确的是()A 岩石圈属于地壳的一部分,是由岩石构成的 B 岩石圈是由地壳和上地幔顶部(软流层以上)部分组成 C 岩石圈与生物圈关系密切 D 岩石圈的上部是软流层6.地球的外部
4、圈层包括()大气圈水圈生物圈岩石圈 A.B.C D7读图,回答下列问题。文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T
5、3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5
6、HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1
7、V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2
8、 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7
9、G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6
10、文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6图 1-16 地震波的传播速度与地球的内部圈层的划分(1)在左图中填上地震波代号。P:纵波 S:
11、横波。(2)无论纵波还是横波在经过a 界面时,速度都明显加快,a 为_界面,其以上部分 A为_;横波经过 b 界面时消失,纵波速度突然减缓,b 为_界面,其以下部分C为_,其以上部分B为_。8.读图,地球的外部圈层示意图,回答:(1)填图:在图中填出地球的四大圈层。A.岩石圈 B.水圈 C.大气圈 D.生物圈(2)从图中可以看出,四大圈层尽管组成物质、分布空间不同,但他们都是以_为共同球心的圈层。20XX 年 12 月 26 日印度洋地震发生在_圈,由此引发的海啸主要发生在 _圈,流行性疾病主要在_圈传播。1 B 点拨:整体上把握地球的圈层结构。2 C 点拨:此题考查了有关地球内部圈层的划分依
12、据。地球内部的知识,目前主要通过对地震波的研究来获得。A B 只能研究地壳的一部分。3AC点拨:此题考查了有关地震波的知识,地震波分为纵波和横波,纵波的传播速度快,能通过固态、液态和气态三态物质,而横波的传播速度慢,只能通过固态的物质。4 B 点拨:此题考查了不连续界面的位置,莫霍界面是地壳和地幔的界线,古登堡界面是地幔和地核的界线。5BC点拨:此题考查了有关岩石圈的知识。岩石圈是由岩石构成的,它包括地壳和上地幔顶部(软流层以上部分)。它和地球的外部圈层关系密切。6 A 点拨:地球的外部圈层包括大气圈、生物圈、水圈等,这些圈层相互联系、相互制约、形成人类赖以生存和发展的自然环境。7点拨:此题考
13、查了地震波传播速度与地球内部圈层划分的关系。从图中可以看出:虚线表示地震波传播速度慢,应该是横波;实线代表纵波。从深度上和内部圈层的划分的图上信息可以看出:a 是莫霍界面,A是地壳,b 是古登堡界面,C 是地核,B为地幔。【答案】(1)图略,左侧虚线处填S,右侧实线处填P。(2)a 是莫霍界面,A是地壳,b是古登堡界面,C 是地核,B为地幔。8点拨:联系实际,考查学生对四大圈层的理解及读图、填图能力。图 1-17 地球的外部圈层示意图文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H
14、1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编
15、码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X
16、10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1
17、L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG1
18、0B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K
19、3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO
20、2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6【答案】(1)略(2)地心岩石水圈生物文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG
21、10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2
22、K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 Z
23、O2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4
24、H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档
25、编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2
26、X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6文档编码:CV2X10T3J1L5 HG10B1V2K3C2 ZO2A7G4H1S6