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1、1. Conversation交谈,会话 n.have /hold a conversation (with sb.) 与某人交谈 get into (a) conversation(with sb)与某人交谈起来Her teacher had/held a short conversation with her.她的老师 与她进行了一次简短的交谈。She got into a conversation with him.她与他交谈了起来。2. aloud adj./adv.大声的 大声地，出声地n.强调发出的声音被听见，不是心想，也不是默读，经常与read, calL laugh, cry
2、连用He read the letter aloud to us.他把信大声念给我们听。loudly adv.3. Pronounce vt.发音，发声Pronunciation n的发音4. patient n病人 adj.有耐心的Impatient adj,没有耐心的be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心的be patient to do sth .耐心做某事Patience n 耐心word by word 一个单词一个单词地Dont read word by word .day by day 一天天year by year 一年一年地be similar to .和相识/
3、类似I have put on 5 pounds. B经长胖了5榜了treat sb. /oneself to sth 请某人.She treated him to lunch ,她请她吃午餐Km going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes .treat A as B = regard A as B =consider A as B 把 A 当作 BMy parents still treat ma as a child .我父母仍把我当成孩子。lie to sb.向某人撒谎 lie about sth.隐瞒某事She lied about her
4、 age .她隐瞒了她的年龄。be present at. 出席 be absent from .一 缺席 Sell out卖完 cry out大声哭叫mean to do sth.打算做某事mean dong sth,意味着做某事 suggest doing sth .二advise doing sth 建议 做某事 suggest/advise that + 句子(should )+动词原形 suggest + 名词communicate with sb. 和某人交流communication n. 交流Whoever took this could live forever.无论谁喝下这
5、个可以长 生不老。=Anyone who took this could live forever.request sb. to do sth请求/要求 某人做某事request sth from sb.向某人请求某物request that +句子请求/要求correct adj.正确的incorrect adj. 不正确的polite adj.有礼貌的impolite adj.没有礼貌的until直到为止He worked until 11 P.M.他一直工作到晚上11点。not .until直至Ll.才He didnt go home until 11 p.m.他直到11点才回家。spe
6、nd +时间/钱 + on sth .=spend + 时间/钱 + (in) doing sth. 花钱/时间做某事pay + 钱+for sth.花钱买sth. cost sb. +钱花某人多少钱It takes sb. + 时间+to do sth.花了某人时间做某事I spend 100 yuan on the T-shirt.=1 spend 100 yuan (in) buying the T-shirt =I pay 100 yuan for the T-shirt =The T-shirt costs me 100 yuan .我花 100 元买这件体 恤衫.It takes
7、me an hour to go to school by bus 花了我 1 小时乘公交车去学校。Could you please tell me how to get to the post office ?你能告诉我如何到邮局吗？Could you tell us when the band starts playing this evening ?您能告诉我今晚乐队什么时间开始演出吗？ I wonder where we should go next 我想知道接下来我们该去哪儿？pay for sth./sb.付钱买一个句子做宾语叫做宾语从句 宾语从句中句子一定要用陈述句语Unit 4
8、1. helpful有帮助的be helpful to. .对有益/有帮助These things are helpful to my life . 这些东西对我 的生活有帮助的care careful hope -hopeful 有希望的use-useful有用的 wonder-wonderful 精彩的dare 敢于 dare to do sth . 敢于做某事We must dare to think , speak and act .我们必须敢想， 敢说，敢做。Did he dare to tell her ?他敢告诉他吗？Yes , I did . No, I didn t .dar
9、e用作情态动词后面直接加动词原形 require vt. 要求，需要，You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed .你需要很多天赋和辛勤工作来取得成功。This job requires strength .这份工作需要体力。require sb. to do sth .要求某人做某事Sth. require doing = sth. require to be done 某事需 要被做 require that +句子 （从句用should +动词原形，should 可以省略Requirement n.需要、需求in
10、fluence sb. to do sth .影响某人做某事be influenced by .受影响have an influence on sb. /sth.对某人有影响be proud of . = take pride in .对.感到自豪be proud to do sth.感到自豪做某事deal with .（常与how连用）=do with .处理（常与what连用） seldom adv.很少，不常（通常放在行为动词前,be动词，助动词，情态动词之后）I have seldom seen such a big apple .我很少看到这么 大的苹果。Since 自从以来1 si
11、nce +过去的时间点主句要用现在完成时I have been here since 1989She is very seldom ill .他很少生病。Step by step 一步一步地，逐步地side by side 肩并肩地5. Fall in love with sb. 爱上某人fall into 调入 fall down 跌倒 fall behind 落后 fallbehind with sb.落后余某人 fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入 睡 be in love with sb.和某人相爱 look for 寻找，Look out =watch out = be
12、 careful = take care 小心Look up 查询 look up the word in the dictionary 查字典 look up to sb.尊敬look down 向下看look down on/upon sb.轻视.look over 仔细检查 look back向后看，回顾6. make mistakes 犯错 make a mistakemake a difference 起作用，做出改变7. depend on /upon取决于，由觉得Will he come ? That depends ./ It depends .那得看情况。8. Whether
13、 we /ll go camping or not depends on the weather.9. Connect.with把。和联系在一起。Please connect the word with the sentence .10. even though /if 即使Would rather do sth. than do sth. = prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I would rather watch TV than play football. = I prefer to watch TV rather than
14、 play football.我宁愿看电视而不愿踢足球。11. by doing sth. 通过做The man makes a living by teaching .这个男人通过教书谋 生。12. by doing sth.通过做.I study English by listening to English songs .by 在.旁边by the river 在.河边by the window 在窗的旁边by 不迟于.， 在.之前I have to get home by 10 pm.我必须在10点前到家。by用于被动语态被.由. be done by The book was wri
15、tten by Tom .in this way用这种方法 in that way用那种方法by the way顺便问一下，顺便说一下，by means of通过.的方式by oneself单独，亲自by accident = by chance 偶然be born with生来就有某种疾病/性格Jane was born with a weak heart. Jane 天生心脏衰弱。be born +adj.生来 I was born deaf.我生来就耳聋。a lot of +名词/代词/动名词some+可数名词/不可数名词a lot许多，大量 a lot +adj./adv.的比拟级 得
16、多表建议的用法What/How about + doing sth.?Shall we +动词原形？Why not +动词原形+其他？ = Why dont you +动原+其他?Would you like to do sth. ?much/even /alot + 比拟级He is much taller than me .I am feeling a lot better today .我今天感觉好多了。a lot = very much 非常 Thanks a lot.Too .to do sth.太而不能做某事English is too difficult for me to le
17、arn .英语对我来说太难而学 不过=English isnt easy enough for me to learn .=English is so difficult that I cant learn it.比拟级and比拟级 越来越He runs faster and faster.She is more and more beautiful.她越来越好漂亮。find it +adj. to do Sth . 发现做某事怎样 I find it difficult to work out the problem .我发现算出这道题 很难。find +宾语+adj.发现某人某物I fou
18、nd the work very dull.我觉得这工作很无聊。find +宾语+副词I found her out .我发现有人出去了。find +宾语+介词短语He found himself in the hospital.他发现他自己在医院里。in+语言/材料 用in English用英语Now she begins to paint in oils .现在她开始画油画with +名词 用工具或自身的某个部位He writes with a pen .He often writes with his Ie代hand他经常用他的左手写字。have sth. in common 有共同之处
19、The two girls have a lot in common .这2个女孩有很多共同之处be stressed out紧张的，焦虑的I always eat when I am stressed out.over and over again再三地 重复地Knowledgeable adj.有见识的，知识渊博的be knowledgeable about sth.对某物很在行have no knowledge of 对.毫无矢口晓to ones knowledge 就某人所知He must be a stranger to the town .他一定是刚到这个镇子lay down放下，
20、停止使用 lay aside把.放在一边 admire v.仰慕，钦佩，赞赏，admire sb. /sth. (for sth.)因为.而赞赏某人/某事 admire sb. for doing sth.因做某事而仰慕某人lose weight 减月巴 put on weight =gain weight 增力口体 重Wash away消除.After talking with him ,my anxiety was washed out. 同他聊了 以后，我的焦虑一扫而光 in the shape of呈形状The pool was in the shape of a heart.游泳池呈
21、星形。lay out摆开，布置The gardens were laid out with lawns and flowers beds .花 园里布置了草坪和花坛。wonder about /at sth.对.感至惊讶Sometimes I wonder about his habbits .有的时候我对他的习 惯感到惊讶Wonder n.奇迹，奇观 put on vt.l.增加/发胖相当于She looks like she has put on weight .她似乎发胖了。2 . put on 播放 She put on some music while they eat . 他 们吃
22、东西的时候她放了一些英乐。3 .举办/上演/展出In summer the children put on a play .4 .开动/发动/使运行She got up and put on the light .她起身翻开了灯5 . be familiar with对.很熟悉have plans for为.制定计戈Umake plans for规划，为.做准备another另一个.用于3个或3个以上another one apple = one more apple 另一个苹果another four students = four more students 另夕卜 4 个学生 do bu
23、siness with . 和做生意 go into business 去经商punish sb. for doing sth. /sth.因为某事而惩罚某人n. Punishment 惩罚warn sb. of/about sth.提醒某人注意某事Warn sb. (not) to do sth .警告某人做某事Warn sb. against (doing) sth .警告某人不做某事at present现在，目前present adj. 现在的，目前的 be present at出席be absent from缺席.Many people were present at the meet
24、ing .She is absent from class today .她今天没来上课。present vt.授予，颁发，赠送，呈现present sb. with sth. =present sth to sb.赠送某物给某人agree with sb.同意某人的看法agree on 对.达成协议They agree on the project . 他们对这个方案达成协议agree on doing sth 同意做某事He agree on helping uswith the work .他们同意帮我们做这项工作。agree to do sth. 同意做某事think of.想至I，想
25、起 Can you think of his name ?认为，想出，关心，考虑I have never thought of/about becoming an actor. 我从未考 虑过要成为一名演员。lose money 亏损，贝吾钱 raise money 筹款 earn money 挣钱 lend money 借（出）钱 borrow money 借进钱 Owe money 借钱 waste money 浪费钱End up like .最终像.一样I dont want to end up like my parents .end up as 最终当上 He could end u
26、p as a president.他总 有一天会当总统。end up doing sth .最后做某事Break out突然发生be responsible for 对负责pay attention to + 名词、代词、动名词 注意.You must pay attention to listening to the teacher in class. 上课 的时候你必须专心听老师讲depend on sb. to do sth.指望/依靠某人做某事depend on/upon.取决于由.而定Whether we will go camping or not depends on the w
27、eather.我们是否去露营取决于天气。active adj.活跃的/主动的，积极的 adv. activelyactivity n.活动discover vt.发现 discovery n.发现invent vt.创造 invention n.发现 inventor 创造家if, unless =if . not 引导的状语从句lf+从句（一般现在时）， 主句（一般将来时）If it doesnt rain ,1 will go swimming tomorrow .You will be late for school unless you hurry up .=You will be late for school if you dont hurry up .如果你不快点， 你就会迟到。put away把收起来 put up 搭起，张贴 put up the tent 搭帐篷 put up the poster张贴海报put off +名词/代词/doing推迟put out the fire灭火 put on穿上，发 胖 put on weight增肥 be familiar with.对.很熟悉