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1、12 The Inspection Regulations of Pressure Vessel in serviceMinistry of Labor of the Peoples Republic of ChinaThe Inspection Regulations ofPressure Vessel in serviceBoiler and Pressure Vessel Safety Magazine Pressof Ministry of LaborClause 22 Exterior inspection contents1. Main body interface partsxc
2、rack of welding joints、overheat、deformation、 leak of pressure vessel.2. The corrosion of the outer surface.3. Breakage abscission dampness loss of heat of the insulating layer.4. Weeping and gas leakage of leak hole and signal hole, dredging the leak hole.5. Abnormal jolting、sound and friction betwe
3、en pressure vessel and adjacent pipes or components.6. Safety accessories inspection according to Chapter 6 of this regulation.7. Damage of bracket or support, subsidence inclination dehiscence of the base, serviceable condition of binding bolt.8. Discharge device (drainage, pollution discharge)9. S
4、table condition of running10. Monitoring condition of pressure vessel with the safety status level 4.Clause 23 Inspection contents of internal and external.1. Related contents of article 22 the external inspection2. Structure inspectionThe inspection should focus on the following places:(1) Connecti
5、on of the cylinder and end plate(2) Square hole, access hole, inspecting hole and their reinforcement(3) Corner joint(4) Lap joint(5) Irrationally arranged welding seams(6) End plate (end cover)(7) Bracket or support(8) Flange(9) Blowdown outlet3. Geometric dimensionThe inspector can check according
6、 to the audit condition of original materials and combining with the following contents and make records.(1) Unfitness of butt joint and angularity of longitudinal and circumferential welding seam.(2) Excess weld metal of welding seam, welding seam thickness of angle weld and size of welding toe.(3)
7、 Maximum and minimum diameters of the same cross-section(4) Concave convex degree straight side length and longitudinal folding on the end plate surface.(5) Oversize condition of unequal thickness plates* butting joint without being clipped to transition(6) Welding seams of irrational arrangement(7)
8、 Stanchion verticality of upright pressure vessel and ball-type pressure vessel.(8) Adjacent steel band gap of strip-winding pressure vesselGenerally, there is no need to recheck the geometrical dimension if the latter has been checked. Those that may be changeable in the operation should be reviewe
9、d firstly.4.Surface defections(1) Corrosion and mechanical damageMeasure the depth、diameter、length and its distribution, mark and record . Make sure the reasons of abnormal corrosion(2) Surface crackThe welding seams on the internal surface(including near seam area) should be checked by naked eye or
10、 amplifying lens of 5-10 multiple for crack.If one of the following conditions occurs, the surface detection inspection no less than 20% of the seam length should be carried out:Materials strength grade is more than 540Mpa; Made with Cr-Mo steel; with the austenite stainless steel bead weld layer; M
11、edium with the inclination of stress corrosion; other doubtful welding seam.If finding crack, the inspector can increase the percentage of the surface detection according to the possible potential defects; the surface detection tests should be done with all welding seams if there is still a crack. C
12、hecking the potential welding seams crack on the exterior surface at the same time. If there is a crack of welding seam on the internal surface, the corresponsive welding seam on the external surface should be checked randomly.The check should put emphasis on the positions of stress concentration, d
13、eformation, welding area of the heterogonous steel , repaired welding area, welding trace of tools and clamps, arc damaging area and the area easy to cause crack.Those with a tendency of intercrystalline corrosion can be checked by metallic phase or hammering. When undertaking the hammering check, t
14、he both sides of the welding seam or other position should be hammered with the hand hammer weighing 0.5-1.0 kilogram.The welding joints of the steel belfs origin and ending of the strip winding pressure vessel should be checked for surface crack.(3) The undercut checks of the welding seam. As for t
15、he welding sensitive material, the possible toe crack should be checked also.(4) Measuring deformation and the dimension of the deformation, other defects accompanied possibly and the analysis of the deformation reasons.5. Measure of the wall thickness(1) The measured position should be representati
16、ve and with enough measured points. The points should be marked on the drawing as record after being measured.The positions of the measured points should be selected from the followingparts generally:The liquid level that fluctuates frequentlyThe position easy to be corroded and ablatedThe part of t
17、he wall thickness decreased and the deformation position in the process of using when being made to confectioning.The doubtful position that is found out during the surface defects checking.(2) When the wall thickness is measured with the ultrasonic calibrator, if there is a sandwich defect in the b
18、ase metal the measured points should be increased or the ultrasonic fault indicator used. The distribution situation of the interlayer and the gradient with the surface of the base metal should also be defined.The possibility of hydrogen corrosion should be considered if the wall thickness is found
19、to be increased when increasing the wall thickness of the pressure vessel with a hydro-medium.6. Material quality(1) The categories and brands of the material quality of the primary compressive components should be found out generally. As for the uncertain material quality, the strength of the steel
20、 pressure vessel without special requirement is permitted to be checked with the lower limit value of the materials strength of the steel grade of A3. The material quality of the pressure vessels for cistern car, tank car and with special requirement must be found out.Those that have had the check a
21、nd have been conducted definitely need not to be checked again.(2) Whether the material quality of the main compressive components have deteriorated can be confirmed by means of chemical analysis, hardness measure, spectral analysis or metallic phase check and so on according to the specific situati
22、ons.7. Pressure vessel with a cover(1) Whether to remove the insulating layer should be determined by the work condition and exterior environment condition. The insulating layer cannot be removed if one of the following cases occurs:AII the surface of the welding seam have been detected to be qualif
23、ied during the manufacture.There is no defect such as crack and so on when the partial place of the representative position is checked randomly.The wall temperature is above the dew point.There is no water immersing from the external environment or loss of heat.There is reliable corrosion-resistant
24、measures on the exterior surface.There is the similar experience of usingIt is considered to be unnecessary by the checker.(2) As for the pressure vessel with a metal liner, the liner should be removed partly or entirely if it is found to have penetrating corrosion, crack, local lump or depression a
25、nd that the medium has flowed out from the inspection opening to make sure of the corrosive situation or other defects of the body itself.(3) For the bead welding liner with austenite stainless steel the map cracking, stripping and abscission and so on of the bead-welding layer should be checked.(4)
26、 For the liner with non-metal material, the liner should be removed partly or entirely if the liner is found to be damaged, map cracking or abscission or that the body wall temperature appears abnormal in operation, to make sure of the corrosion situation of the body or other defects.(5) As far as t
27、hose with cover of internal and exterior surface, the internal surface should be checked firstly as the No.(2) and (4) of this article. If there is serious defect such as the crack and so on, the cover should be removed away partly or entirely from the exterior surface in order to check.8. Check for
28、 the hidden defect of the welding seam(1) When one of the followings occurs, the random inspection should be taken generally by the ray detection or ultrasonic detection, if necessary, mutual recheck should be executed also. the welding seam has been repaired twice or more during fabrication there a
29、re welding seams with added welding repair in use. the surface crack of the welding seam is found during the check and it is considered necessary to check the hidden defection of the welding seam. The position of the welding seam in which the unfitness of the butt joint and angularity has seriously
30、exceed the standard. the position that there is leak out of the welding seam in use and the position that there is a extension at both ends. the position that is required by the user or is considered to be necessary by the checker.If the check has been carried out, when checking again, if there is n
31、o abnormal situations, it is unnecessary to recheck generally.(2) The measure method and number of random inspection are determined by the specific situation.9. The safety accessory is checked as the requirement of the sixth chapter of the regulations.10. Fastener checkThe high-pressure bolt should
32、be cleaned one by one, check the situation of damage and crack, if necessary, the surface nondestructive detection should be undertaken. The check should put the emphasis on the circumferential crack of the screw threads and the transition positions.Clause 24 Strength verification1. If one of the fo
33、llowing cases occurs, the strength should be verified:(1) There is corrosion with a large area.(2) The material for strength calculation is not complete or the parameters of the strength design are not uniform with the practical situation.(3) The unfitness of butt joint and the angularity have excee
34、ded seriously.(4) The structure is unreasonable and serious defects have appeared(5) The checker doubts the strength.After the strength is checked, when rechecking, if there is no abnormal situation, the recheck is unnecessary generally.2. The related principles about the strength check(1) If the st
35、andard of the strength design has been put forward definitely in the original design, the strength check can be verified by the standard (except that there is wrong with the original standard.)(2) If the original design did not mark the standard of strength design or there is not a strength calculat
36、ion in the original design, the strength can be checked by the related standard of the time according to the use (such as the petroleum , chemical , metallurgy , light industry, refrigeration and so on) or the type( such as the spherical tank , exhaust boiler, enamel equipment, heat exchanger and hi
37、gh pressure vessel and so on).(3) As for those imported from abroad or designed as the foreign technical, the strength is checked as the original design specification in principle.(4) If the material brand of the pressure vessel is indefinite, it can be selected as the lowest normal value of the mat
38、erial with the same type as the pressure vessel.(5) The factor of the welding seam should be selected according to the actual structure form and inspection result of the welding seam referring to the original design.(6) The remaining wall thickness is reduced to the twice corrosion of the next use c
39、yclic as the minimum value measured, as the wall thickness of the strength check.(7) The pressure of the strength check chooses generally the actual highest working pressure of the pressure vessel. As for those equipped with safety apparatus, the check pressure should not be less than the opening pr
40、essure( or the explosion pressure of the blasting piece). As for these filled with liquefied gas, the pressure of the strength check should choose the pressure of the original design.(8) The wall temperature during the strength check chooses the actual highest wall temperature. The constant temperat
41、ure is chosen with the low temperature pressure vessel.(9) The diameter of the shell is chosen as the maximum value measured.(10) The additional load should be considered when the strength is checked.(11) It should be taken by the designer with a design experience or checker and be provided with the
42、 calculation sheet of the strength check signed by the persons of design audit.3. As for the (3) and (4) of the first section of this article, if the strength can not be checked with the normal methods, it can be check with the method of finite element or stress analysis design and so on.This is the
43、 determination of the selected pressure when the wall thickness is checked.Clause 25 compression test and gas-tightness test1. The compression test should comply with the related provisions of the pressure vessel monitoring rules, the safety management regulations of the tank-truck with liquefied pe
44、troleum gas and the safety management rules of the rail tanker with liquefied gas.2. The gas-tightness test should comply with the provisions of the pressure vessel monitor rules, the safety management regulations of the tank-truck with liquefied petroleum gas and the safety management rules of the
45、rail tanker with the liquefied gas，and at the same time, it should also conform with the appendix Hs determination of the regulations, that is the safety regulations of the gas-tightness test of the pressure vessel in service.Clause 26 If it is necessary to access and handle with the defects, then i
46、t should be performed strictly according to the related provisions of the pressure vessel supervision regulation.Clause 27 Inspection report1. Relying on the conducted item the checker of the inspection unit should fill the check report carefully according to the requirements of the appendix I , tha
47、t is the Check Report of the Pressure Vessel in Service”.2. The checker should analyses and study related materials and results of the inspection carefully, sign on the check report, and make the stamp of check unit. In general, it should be delivered to the usage unit before the pressure vessel bei
48、ng put into use.3. The check report of the pressure vessel in service is printed by the labor agency at provincial lever and its format is determined by the Ministry of Labor.Chapter 5 Grade Assessment of the Safety StatusClause 28 The grade of the safety status should be assessed according to the r
49、esults of the check and the lowest grade of the assessed item is taken as the assessment grade.Clause 29 The material quality of the main compressive opponents should conform to the requirement of design and usage. If the used material is not conform with the original design, or the material quality is indefinite o