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1、高中英语高考英语名词考点与题型全归纳带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、As senior three students, we had better follow the as much as possible from our teachers and parents;although they are a bit nagging （唠叨）,indeed we are expected to make in all aspects.A. advice; progressB. advices; progressC. advices; progressesD. advice; progre
2、sses答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：作为高三的学生，我们尽可能多地听取老师和家长的建议；虽然他们有点唠叨，但我们确 实有望在各方面取得进步。advice （建议）和progress （进步）都是不可数名词，应选A。2、During the speech, Professor Tang stressed that everyone should have the of voluntary and continuouslearning.A. moodB. impressionC. conceptD. remark答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：唐教授在致辞中强调，每个人都应该有自愿和持续学
3、习的观念。A. mood情绪；B. impression 印象；C. concept 观念；D. remark 评论。根据下文“voluntary and continuous learning.可知，此处是 指人人都要有自愿和持续学习的观念。应选C。3、 During the pandemic, my mom expressed her about my health.A. complaintB. concernC. curiosityD. doubt答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：疫情期间，妈妈对我的健康表示担忧。A. complaint抱怨；B. concern担忧；C.curio
4、sity好奇;D. doubt怀疑。根据前半句During the pandemic可知，因为在疫情期间,所以空处需用名词 concern,表示妈妈对我的健康担忧。应选B。解析: 考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为运行，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao30 It is to come into your leaders office without their permission.A. a good mannerB. a bad mannerC.
5、bad mannersD. good manners答案：C解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，manner意为方式，方 法，名词词性,作礼貌讲时,应用其复数形式manners, It is bad manners to do sth.“意为做某事是不礼貌 的,故空格处应用bad manners。应选C项。31、 He fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determination答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A
6、. flood洪水；B.visa签证；C.plate盘子；D.determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。32、Our school is based on the basic that all students should develop their full potential.A. optionB. intelligenceC. principleD. structure答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们学校基于的基本原那么是所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力。A. option选项;ntelligence智力；C. principle原
7、那么；D.structure结构。根据句意可知，“所有学生都应该充分发挥自己的潜力应该是学校的基本原那么，principle意为原那么，名词词性，符合句意。应选C项。1033、 “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panic答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤怒, 生气；B.confusion困惑;C.re
8、gret后悔，遗憾；D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：34、 You cant take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.patience耐心； 0.permission允许。由You carft take photos without her”可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照,因此空 格处为允许，应选
9、D。35、The little girl shows a great for music.A. careerB. talentC. connectionD. power答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩展示出了在音乐方面的天赋。A. career职业；B. talent天赋；C. connection联系；D.power权利。show/have a talen for在某方面有天赋为固定短语，符合句意。应选B项。36、When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide t
10、eaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A. comparisonB. accumulationC. interventionD. conservation11答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定工程。A. comparison比照；B.accumulation积累；C.intervention干预；D. conservation 保护。由When kids are struggling with subjects like readi
11、ng or math可知,句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等 科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，空格处意为“干预，应选C。37、 Hearing the funny speech given by the famous professor, all of us burst into.A. laughedB. laughterC. laughingD. laugh答案：B解析：考查固定短语。句意:听到这位著名教授的有趣演讲，我们大家爆发了大笑。burst into laughter突然大笑； 放声大笑是固定短语，根据句意，应选B。38、 I failed in my to persuade
12、 her to go with me.A. attempts. attackC. thrillD. border答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B.attack攻击；C. thr川激 动；D. border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed可知，是试图说服，但失败。应选A。39 What a! I wasnt expecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案
13、：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊!我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B.characteristic特色；12C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文“I wasnt expecting to see you here.可知遇见是巧合，应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do40 She/s battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD. composition答
14、案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨； B. consequence 结果；C. conscience 良心；D. composition 成分。 根据whether to tell the police what she saw.” 可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。41、Hangzhou is such an city that it often makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.
15、A. impressed, impressionB. impressing , impressionC. impressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的”，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；-ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。4
16、2 This country is rich in natural.A. sectionB. reflectC. resourcesD. responsibility答案：c解析：考查名词。句意:这个国家自然资源丰富。A.section局部；B.reflect反射,反响，反思;C.resources资源;D.13responsibility责任。结合句意考查固定搭配natural resources,意为：自然资源。应选C。43、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the cent
17、ury.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号,预兆；strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward展望可推断，领导层想要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。44 Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out acrosslong distan
18、ces.A. occupationB. applicationC. qualificationD. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation 职业，占领；B. application 运用;C. qualification 资格，授权；D. composition 作文。根据句子结构 和意思可知，这里需要的是5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查运用对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语Due to的宾语。应选B。45、His hard work made him very successful
19、 in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NP答案：c解析：考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job.是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。1446、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportu
20、nityD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C opportunity机会;D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示影响。应选D项。47、 They are building the bridge in with another company.A. constructionB. comparisonC. contrastD. association答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在和另一个公司合作修建桥。A.construction修建，构造；B
21、parison比 较；C.contrast比照；Dissociation合伙。根据句意,本句考查固定短语搭配in association with意为和合 作。应选D项。48 To develop advanced technology, we must first develop in the young people.A. resourceB. opportunityC. facilityD. creativity答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：要开展先进技术，首先要培养青年人的创造力。A. resource资源；B. opportunity 机会；C.facility设备、设施；D
22、.creativity创造力。根据develop advanced technology”可知，开展先进技术 首先要开展创造力。应选D项。49 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. positiveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage答案：C15解析: 考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消
23、极一面。A. positive积极的;B.advantage优势（名词）；C.negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的we shouldnt focus too much on可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选C。50、He is under great because of his new job.A. stressB. strengthC. streamD. push答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为新工作，他现在的压力很大。A.stress压力；B. strength力量；C.stream小河;D.push推。under great str
24、ess表示：压力很大。由此可知A符合语境，应选A。51、 It is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C.honour荣誉；D.marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。52、 Weve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of
25、integrity and high professional.A. interests. attitudeC. competenceD. reputation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直，专业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B.attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith博士专业能力强。应选C项。1653、 Van Gogh was famous for his Sunflower, which was painted in three of
26、 yellow.A. portsB. shoresC. shadesD. stairs答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的向日葵而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A.ports港口；shores海岸;C.shades深浅，阴影;D. stairs台阶。根据上文which was painted in three指用三种深浅不同 的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。应选C。54、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderfulhe gav
27、e us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associations. functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系;B. function功能；C. satisfaction满足;D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description
28、of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。55 We will explore a different to gathering information.A. adventureB. approachC. advanceD. addition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将探索种不同的方法来收集信息。A.adventure探险；冒险；B.approach方 法；C.advance进步；D.addition附加物;补充物。
29、短语：approach to sth.z/的方法，此处指收集信息的一 种不同的方法，应选B。56 Be as careful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be as much17 influenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD. virtue.former答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨
30、慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者（书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒,formal正式的;B pany同伴，former前者 （的）；C.hatred 憎恨,formal 正式的；D. virtue 美德,former 前者（的）。根据Be as careful of the booksyou read可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选同伴；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后者进行 比照，所以选前者，应选B。57、 What the doctor warned us is that the sleep may cause anger, poor mem
31、ory and poor concentration.A. want inB. demand onC. lack inD. lack of答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。句意：医生警告我们的是，睡眠缺乏会引起愤怒、记忆力差和注意力不集中。A. want in动词 短语“想要进来;B. demand on名词短语需要”；C. lack in ,错误表达,正确形容词短语为be lacking in”在 缺少；D.lackof名词短语缺少。根据句子结构，设空处缺少名词短语，与sleep一同作从句的主语，表示“睡眠缺乏。应选D。小提示：58 The football always reminds me o
32、f my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my.A. sceneB. sceneryC. controlD. sight答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：足球总是让我想起那场比赛中的错误，所以我刻意不去看它。A.scene现场；18B.scenery 风景；C.control 控制；D. sight 视力。 根据The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match可知，一看到足球就让我想起比赛中的失误，所以我刻意不去看它。out of sight
33、 看不见，在视野之外。故 选Do59 A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB. collapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B. collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D. correction改正。根据上文“A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo60 On
34、e difficult task faced by both developed and developing countries is to guarantee the of naturalresources at the lowest possible environmental cost.A. inspectionB. exploitationC. contradictionD. exception答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴旺国家和开展中国家面临的一项艰巨任务是保证以尽可能低的环境代价开发自 然资源。A. inspection检查；B. exploitation利用，开发；
35、C.contradiction矛盾；D. exception例夕卜。根据语境和后文“of natural resources at the lowest possible environmental cost可知，此处指自然资源的开发。应选 B 项。61 They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisement答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；B. advertise登广告；C.informa
36、tion信息；D. advertisement广告。由空后“looking for rock musicians”可知，此处表示登广告寻找摇滚音194、One day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close with death.A. confusingB. combinationC. criticizeD. encounter答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他正开着大卡车的时候，他和死神有一个亲密接触。A.confusing adj.难 以理解的;B bination n.结合（体）n.联合（体）；C.cri
37、ticize v.批评,指责；D.encounter n,遭遇，偶遇。 根据句子结构可知，这里需要名词，被形容词close修饰，做动词had的宾语，分析句子意思可知，他是卡车 司机，正在开车的时候应该是很危险的事情发生，所以是和死神有一个亲密接触，意思符合句意。应选D。5、 I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into when judging my examination.A. estimationB. accountC. thoughtD. observation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望老师在评判我的考试时能考虑到
38、我最近生病的情况。A.estimation估计，估 算；B.account 描述；C.thought 想法;D.observation 观察，评论，遵守。句子涉及短语 take sth into account, 意为“对某事加以考虑，此处动词短语作宾语从句的谓语。应选B项。6、 All applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with diving.A. waistB. qualificationsC. salaryD. leisure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。A.
39、waist腰部；B.qualifications资格；C. salary薪水;D.leisure休闲。根据前文“All applications welcome可知，此处指有潜水资格的人。应选B项。7、 With top class home theatre, you can watch the latest movies in the of your own home.A. constructions. limitationC. appointmentD. comfort乐家，不定冠词an后需接名词advertisemento应选D。62 Jim has changed a lot this
40、 year and has made a good on others.A. stressB. confusionC. impressionD. campus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆今年变化很大，给别人留下了很好的印象。A.stress压力；B.confusion困惑；C.impression印象；D.campus校园。由前面的Jim has changed a lot可知,句子表示“吉姆今年变化很大,给别 人留下了很好的印象，make a good impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下很好的印象,应选C。63、 You shouldn/t have
41、 been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C. debt债务;D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知,此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。64 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many stu
42、dents have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A.schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression 象。根据heavy workload ofGrade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。65 The of spic
43、y, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.20A. decorationB. constructionC. competitionD. combination答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造； C petition竞争;D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语,结合句意和空后的of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应
44、选D。66、How to raise the awareness of environmental protection has become one of the most important to bediscussed next meeting.A. errorsB. performancesC. issuesD. behaviors答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何提高环保意识已成为下次会议要讨论的最重要的问题之一。A. errors错误；B.performances 表演；C. issues 问题，重要议题；D. behaviors 行为。根据句意和句中“How to r
45、aise the awareness of environmental protection”可知，如何提高环保意识应该是会议上要讨论的问题，issue意为问题，重要议题，符合语境，one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为最之一，故空格处用issue的复数形 式issues。应选C项。67、There come two buses. The former is very crowded, but there is much room inA. lateB. laterC. latterD. the latter答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：来了两辆公共汽车。前面一辆非常拥挤，但后
46、面一辆有很大的空间。A.late迟（的），作 形容词或副词；B.later后来（的），作形容词或副词；C.latter后者（的）,作形容词或名词；D. the latter 后者。根据There come two buses. The former is very crowded”可知，这里特指两辆公共汽车的后面一辆。应选Do2168、The fact that more and more people are willing to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among the p
47、ublic and nation.A. realizations. professionC. recognitionD. acquisition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization实现；B.profession专业；C.recognition成认，认可;D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据 are willing to”可知，人们愿意说明大家认可。应选C。69 The company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 year
48、s of good service.A. achievementB. appreciationC. attentionD. agreement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。Achievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.attention注意；D.agreement同意。根据句意，他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示 感谢。应选B。70、 I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意