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1、2022年华北电力大学科技学院自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in t
2、rouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possib
3、le for them to maintain a one-person household. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 It seems
4、that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan”. The
5、author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas（玛雅）.
6、Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples, pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants（居民） had disappeared almost
7、 a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because.A、 it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C、 he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、 it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civili
8、zation.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概 括就得出正确答案：Do第22题【单项选择题】2010.04 There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it.A、repairB、to repairC、repairingD、repaired【正确答案】D10【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动 以
9、及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to inter
10、view him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问
11、 自己。第24题【单项选择题】概括大意 1 The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden coordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on
12、developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden/The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Different Kinds of Gardens.B、Kinds of Plants in s Home GardenC、The Most Important Point in Family GardeningD、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正确答案】C11【答案解析】本段指出家庭园艺的主旨是让孩子去体验，培养他们
13、的想象力和鉴 赏力。所以答案为C。第25题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic ta
14、ble was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/7D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite the b
15、ad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion （拥 挤）,gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.Q: Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。问题句说爱尔兰的生活费用高。该段说“尽管气候恶劣， 健康机构混乱，交通拥挤，性别歧视仍然存在，生活费用高，
16、爱尔兰所获得的分 数仍然给人留下了深刻的印象：总分值为十分，爱尔兰获得了 8.33分。根据这个 句子的内容可以知道“爱尔兰的生活费用高，因此问题句的说法与原文的说法一12致。第27题【单项选择题】No sooner had we reached home a violent storm broke out.A、whenB、 thatC、untilD、 than【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：我们刚一到家，一场猛烈的暴风雨就下起来了。此题是 固定搭配题。此题是no soonerthan 一就.”第28题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Good news for chocoholics： the t
17、reat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspi
18、rin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C、It releases e
19、ndorphins in human body.D、 It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第29题【单项选择题】132009.04 Ive got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。
20、详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第30题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第31题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The judge who was to his
21、 favorite was criticized by many people.A、partialB、fairC strictD、frank【正确答案】A14【答案解析】此题考查形容词的意义区分。此题句意为：许多人批评了偏袒他自 己喜爱（球队或球员）的那个裁判员。A偏袒的，不公平的；B公正的；C严 格的，严厉的；D坦率的。第32题【单项选择题】【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in bo
22、oks written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、Th
23、e Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第33题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地）
24、 D完结，翻倒，越过15第34题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第35题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the
25、 darkness.A、allocateB、 adoptC、applyD、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑 暗。【详细解答】A分配，拨出 B收养，过继 C应用，申请 D调 整，使适合第36题【单项选择题】2008.041 To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largely16D、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个 局部的功能。A.有用途地
26、、有功能地；B.宽广地；C.大大地；D.突出地。第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United St
27、ates each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one k
28、nows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. They
29、discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies.A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion a代er they studied a large17 group of nonsmokers.C We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants.D、
30、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正确答案】B【答案解析】前一句讲的是科学家们过去对二手烟的看法，接下来应选表示他们 改变观点的句子，因为下一句说明他们所持的观点已与过去截然不同。第39题【单项选择题】2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、 confusedC、confirmedD、convi
31、nced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意：如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第40题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems,
32、 eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section18【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers en
33、d夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第41题【单项选择题】概括大意Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients （滋养）to travel to
34、all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB、Importance of WaterC、Water in Our BodyD、The Function of Water【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过介绍水在我们身体里的含量、水存在身体的那些部位及水的一 些功能来证明水的重要性。因此选择Bo
35、第42题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过19妇女有好的工作，增加了单身的人数与前句内容正好呼应。第3题【单项选择题】2007.04)The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、alive
36、B lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing
37、 loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear; the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearin
38、g loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off （下降）,can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover; its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier （
39、放大 器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is.A、 only a minor health problem.B、 the world/s most common health problem.C、 merely a teenage disease.D、 an incurable disease.【正确答案】B第43题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of
40、observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship.
41、Much of the difference in measured intelligence between privileged and disadvantaged children may be due to the latter/s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the dif
42、ferences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches.而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。第44题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports mee
43、t had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off：20爆炸，（闹铃）响。第45题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive atC、drop outD、give off【正确答案】
44、A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第46题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Don/t judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Get off to a slow start which saves
45、 your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more e
46、nergy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will.21A、help to keep your energy for the days workB、help you to control your temper early in the dayC、enable you to concentrate on your routine workD、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正
47、确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是因果关系。回答这一问题的关键是看懂本段的第二句和 其他句子的联系。首先要注意这一段的第一句Get off to a slow start which saves your energy,也就是说早上慢慢起床可以节省能量。紧接该句的三个句子都是 慢慢起床的具体做法。因此选项A是正确答案。第48题【单项选择题】The professor asked a question, and David a good answer.A、put up withB、stood up forC、came up withD、looked down upon【正确答案】c【答案解析】题目意思：教授问了一个问题，戴维想出一个答案。此题是短语意 义区分题。此题是A忍受、忍耐 B保卫、支持C想出、提出 D轻视、看不起第49题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC insureD、secure【正确答案】B22【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危