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1、高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、请选出与释义能力匹配的单词。A. confidenceB. competitionC. competenceD. convenience答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。A. confidence 信心；B. competition 竞争；C. competence 能力；D. convenience 便利。应选 C。2、 What made Cunningham great was his devotion to.A. photographB. photographyC. photographerD. photographic答案：
2、B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：Cunningham的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱。A. photograph照片；B.photography摄影;C.photographer摄影师；D.photographic摄影的。空处应填名词作宾语，结合句意,此处 指对摄影的热爱，photography符合题意。应选B。3、 If we had taken such effective much earlier, the river would not be polluted so seriously now.A. treasuresB. effortsC. measuresD. concerns
3、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们早采取这么有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被污染的这么严重了。A.treasures 财产；珍宝；B. efforts 努力；C. measures 措施；D. concerns 关心。根据the river would not be polluted so seriously now,可知，这里要表达的是采取措施，应选C项。4 Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.30、 Visitors are not permitted anything w
4、ithout.A. touching; permitB. to touch; permitionC. to touch; permissionD. touching; allowance答案：c解析：考查固定短语和名词。句意：访客未经允许不得触摸任何东西。第一空，表示被允许做某事可知，短语为be permitted to do sth.；第二空表示“未经允许,应用名词permission,作介词的宾语。应选C。31、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to con
5、flicts between countries.A. tensionB. regulationC. processD. affection答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项协议的签署将缓解国际紧张局势，这可能会结束国家之间的冲突。A. tension 紧张;B. regulation 规那么;C. process 过程；D. affection 喜欢。根据下文“which might bring an end to conflicts between countries”可知，此处表示将会使国际的紧张局势结束。应选A。32 Due the widespread of this med
6、ical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at anearly stage.A. approvals. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成,同意；B. application申请，应用；C.approach方式,方法；D.appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示应用。
7、应选B项。33、We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every campers.10A. experimentB. entertainmentC. equipmentD. settlement答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道一个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。A.experiment实验； B.entertainment娱乐；C.equipment装备；D.settlement定居点。睡袋对露营者来说是一件装备，因此空格处 是 equipment, 应选 Co34、The top leaders
8、 of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A. atmosphereB. adventureC. astronomyD. agriculture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C.astronomy天文学；D.agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示“(友好 的)气氛是合理的。应选A项。35、Please mind your in public.A. behaviorB. re
9、flectionC. creativityD. sculpture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共场合请注意你的举止。A. behavior行为，举止；B.reflection深思；C.creativity创造力；D. sculpture雕塑。由空后in public和句意可知，此处需用名词behavior,表示在公共场合 注意举止。应选A。36、 Id love to, but I have a(an)with my doctor.A. appointmentB. certificateC. sympathyD. basement答案：A11解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很想
10、去，但是我和我的医生有约。A. appointment约会；预约；B. certificate证 明;证明书；C.sympathy同情;D. basement地下室。根据后文“my doctor（我的医生）可知,“我应是与医生 约好了。have an appointment with sb.，固定短语，“与某人有约定（预约）。应选A项。37、 Finding information in todays world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is usefulor not.A. contextB. ch
11、allengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A.context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not,可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。38、 Although my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. funct
12、ions, functionB. function, functionsC. functions, functionsD. function,function答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为运行，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao39、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in dan
13、ger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：C 解析:12考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表;operators经营者;C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意,后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。40 He fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determination答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析
14、。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B.visa签证;C.plate盘子；D.determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。41、 There are many in your homework, so youd better correct them before you hand it in .A. baseB. errorsC. behaviourD. bad答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的作业中有很多错误，所以你最好在交上来之前改正。A. base根基，基础；B.errors错误；C.behaviour行为；D
15、. bad坏人，坏事。根据so yoi/d better correct them ”可知，作业中有错误。应选Bo42、Only a(n)42、Only a(n)of people are interested in that political issue.A. flockB. amountC. handfulD. bagful答案：c解析：考查固定短语。句意：只有少数人对那个政治问题感兴趣。A. flock （鸟或羊等动物）群，一大群人；B.amount数量;C.handful一把；少数,少量;D.bagful满口袋。a handful of少量的,一小局部。根据空前的 only可知只有少
16、数的人对政治感兴趣。应选C。43、 You cant take photos without her.13A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险;B.fault过错；C.patience耐心； 0.permission允许。由You cant take photos without her可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照，因此空 格处为允许，应选D。44、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millio
17、ns of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attention注意力；B. attraction 有吸引力的事物；C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。根据drawing m川ions of visitors every year可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为“旅游景点。应选B项。45、 The
18、y were all brave enough to take up arms in of their country.A. conflicts. defenceC. contentD. represent答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都勇敢地拿起武器保卫自己的国家。A. conflict冲突；B. defence保卫；C.content内容；D.represent代表，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处考查短语in defence of,表示保卫, 应选BoXiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province will cover around 200
19、square kilometres after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibition答案：B14解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B. expansion F 大,扩建；C. exception 例外；D. exhibition 展览。根据上文“cover around 200 square kilometres afte门ts”可知, 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansion。应选B。46、 What a! I wasnt exp
20、ecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B. characteristic特色；C. certificate 证书;D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文l wasnt expecting to see you here.可知遇见是巧合,应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do47、 In the process of getting rid of racial, the
21、 USA is left far behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。A.discrimination歧视；B promise 妥协;C.substitute 代替；D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting rid of racial”可知，此处指摆 脱种族歧视，应选A项。49、Hangzhou is such an city that it o代en makes a strong on visi
22、tors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A. impressed, impressionB. impressing, impressionC. impressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D 解析:15考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；-ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词
23、一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选Do50、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A.
24、 analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣,欲望；C. incident 事件;D. appreciation 欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house 可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。51、You can take as many as you like because they are free of.A. chargeB. fareC. moneyD. pay答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:你可以想拿多少就拿多少，因为他们是免费的。A. charge费用；B.fare车费；C. mon
25、ey钱；D.pay薪水，工资。根据上文because they are free of表示“免费短语为free of charge,应选A。52 Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out acrosslong distances.A. occupationB. applicationC. qualificationD. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能
26、了。A.16occupation 职业，占领；B. application 运用；C. qualification 资格,授权；D. composition 作文。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要的是5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查运用对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语Dueto的宾语。应选B。53、The couples kindness gave me a deep and reminded me of the best things about Christmas.A. impressionB. expressionC. descriptionD. collection答案：A解析：考查名词词
27、义辨析。句意：这对夫妇的善良给我留下了深刻的印象，让我想起了圣诞节最美好的事情。A.impression E1象；B. expression 表达；C. description 描述；D. collection 收集, 收藏品。 根据and reminded meof the best things about Christmas.”可知，impression 印象,符合题意。应选 A 项。54、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impact答案：D解析
28、：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金;C. opportunity机会；D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。55、 The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B.fountain喷泉；C.potential潜
29、力；D.document文件。the access to.（ 的途径）符合句意。应选A项。56、 The ability to keep calm is one of her many. Owing to that, she was promoted to deal with the emergency.17A. basesB. challengesC. benefitsD. strengths答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持冷静的能力是她的许多优点之一。因此，她被提拔去处理紧急情况。A. bases 基础，基地；B. challenges挑战；C.benefits好处;D.stre
30、ngths优点。结合句意可知,此处指保持冷静是她众 多优点之一，strength符合题意。应选D。57、 If we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus too much on the side of our life .A. positives. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage答案：c解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的;B.
31、advantage优势（名词）；C.negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的“we shouldnt focus too much on可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co58 The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really hisfault.A. guiltB. responseC. blameD. conservation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是
32、他的错。A.guilt内疚；B.response 答复；C. blame 责任;D. conservation 节约。根据下文“although it was not really his fault.”可知，这 个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：59、 It is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.18A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:据说1906年旧金山
33、地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B.magnitude震级；C.honour荣誉；D.marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。60、Finally, the man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfamiliar答案：c解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B.lovely可 爱的；C.pressure压力；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词t
34、he,以及作定语的形容词great可 知,应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语,且underpressure是常用词组，表示“承受压力。应选C项。61、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B. result结果;C. choice选择;D. decision决定。根据答语AC Milan won the gam
35、e.可知此处是在问比赛结果，应选B。62 I missed the first of the play.A. sceneB. novelC. envelopeD. patience答案：A 解析:19A. campaignB. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动；caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可
36、知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示对某人有信心。应选C。5、 Mr. Brown thought it would be a good idea to have from his workers to improve his plan.A. summariesB. admissionsC. commentsD. connections答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结;admissions 准许进入；C. comments 意见， 评论；D. connection
37、s 连接。 根据“from his workers to improve his plan.可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划。应选C。6、 The stronger the is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.A. motivationB. contributionC. pressureD. possibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:一个人学习外语的动力越强，他就会学得越快。A. motivation动力；B.contribution 贡献；C. pressure 压力；D. po
38、ssibility 可能性。根据后文the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language”可知，此处指学习外语的动力越强，就学得越快，应用motivation。应选A。7、 Organize all the information you have collected according to your.A. outcomeB. outgoingC. outlineD. output答案：C考查名词词义辨析。句意:我错过了这出戏的第一幕。A.scene场景；B.novel小说;C.envelope信封;D.patience耐心。根据of
39、 the play可知，此处指的是戏剧的第一幕，应选A。小提示:63 I wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. achievement成就；B.agreement同意；C.attention注意力;D. appreciation感谢。结合句意可知,此处是表达对别人体贴的感激， 用appreciation符合题意。应选D。64 Be as c
40、areful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character will be as muchinfluenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD. virtue.former答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者（书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒，formal正式的；B
41、 pany同伴,former前者（的）；C.hatred 憎恨,formal 正式的；D. virtue 美德，former 前者（的）。根据“Be as careful of the booksyou read可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选同伴；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后者进行 比照，所以选前者，应选B。65、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names
42、, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness20答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：她的童年经历充满了逆境和不顺一一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称 呼她。A. fortune 运气；B. hardships 逆境，艰难;C. pride 自豪；D. kindness 善行。根据后文she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults”可知，她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的，所以划线词所 指
43、的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。66、 Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a writerB. a success, writerC. success, writerD. a success, a money答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success一个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成
44、为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。67、A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses.A. complexityB. collapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B.collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D. correction改正。根据上文A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo68、W
45、e can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great to human beings and society willnever be forgotten.A. conclusionsB. attractions21C. contributionsD. achievements答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到到处都是纪念碑。那些对人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人将永远不 会被忘记。A.conclusions 结论；B.attractions 吸引力；C.contributions 贡献；D.achievemen
46、ts 成就。结合句意， 此处是短语：make great contributions to,意为“对做出重大贡献。应选C。69、They put an in a newspaper looking for rock musicians.A. mapB. advertiseC. informationD. advertisement答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在报纸上登广告寻找摇滚音乐家。A. map地图；B. advertise登广告；C.information信息、；D. advertisement广告。由空后“looking for rock musicians”可知，此处表
47、示登广告寻找摇滚音 乐家，不定冠词an后需接名词advertisement。应选D。70、Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activities to make their teaching easier.A. medicalB. visualC. firstD. band答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的;B. visual视觉的；C. first第一的；D.band乐队。根据Primary school teacher
48、s ”可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。71、 During the department stores annual autumn, all clothing will be half price.A. engagements. promotionC. interaction答案：B22解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定;promotion促销活动；C. interaction互动。根据后文“all clothing will be half price.”可知，因为所有的衣服半价 销售，所有此处指百货公司在促销。应选B。72、 Because of the tight an