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1、高中英语高考英语名词高频考点汇总带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、 I failed in my to persuade her to go with me.A. attempts. attackC. thrillD. border答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B.attack攻击；C.thrill激 动；D. border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed”可知，是试图说服，但失败。应选A。2 What a! I wasn/t expecting to see y
2、ou here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidence答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范;B. characteristic特色；C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文“I wasnt expecting to see you here.”可知遇见是巧合，应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do3、 In the process of getting rid of racial, the USA is left f
3、ar behind.A. discriminationB. compromiseC. substituteD. investigation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。Adscrimination歧视；B promise 妥协;C.substitute 代替；D.investigation 调查。根据空前的getting rid of racial”可知，此处指摆 脱种族歧视，应选A项。4、Hangzhou is such an city that it often makes a strong on visitors and its sig
4、hts never fail to attract foreign tourists.29、 I havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl and she has changed beyond.A. generationB. recognitionC. investigationD. graduation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从萨拉小时候就没见过她了，她已经变得认不出来了。A.generation 一代（人）；B.recognition 认出, 识另U； C.investigation 调查；D.graduation 毕业。根
5、据I havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl可知，此处是指她已经变了许多，让人认不出来了。应选B。30、We should respect the peoples religious.A. blossomB. beliefC. poetD. award答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B. belief信仰；C.poet诗人；D. award奖励。由religious可知，此处指宗教信仰。应选B项。31、The fact that more and more people are wi
6、lling to enter public education means the increased of andsupport for teaching among the public and nation.A. realizationB. professionC. recognitionD. acquisition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人愿意接受公共教育，这意味着公众和国家对教育的认可和支持。A.realization实现；B.profession专业；C.recognition成认，认可;D.acquisition（知识、技能等的）获得。根据 are wil
7、ling to 可知，人们愿意说明大家认可。应选C。32、 The company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 years of good service.A. achievementB. appreciationC. attentionD. agreement答案：B10解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。A.chievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.attention注意；D.agreement同意。根据句意，他为公司服务20年，给他一块表以示 感谢。应选B。33
8、、 From my hotel room window, I could see a large board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.A. amusementB. advertisementC. manuscriptD. assignment答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过酒店房间的窗户，我可以看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌:杰森，大魔术师。A.amusement 有趣；B.advertisement 广告；C. manuscript 手稿；D. assignment 任务。 根据下文with his face on
9、 it: Jason, the Great Magician.”可知,看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌。应选B项。小提示：34 At present, the plays an important role in the city/s transportation system.A. hikeB. fitnessC. subwayD. stress答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，地铁在城市交通系统中扮演着重要的角色。A. hike徒步旅行；B. fitness健 康；C.subway地铁；D.stress压力。根据常识可知，地铁属于城市交通系统的一局部。应选C。35、 The of a
10、 passage gives readers very important information about the main idea of it.A. titleB. homeworkC. houseworkD. panic答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B.11homework家庭作业；C.housework家务；D.panic惊恐。根据the main idea ”可知,此处表示文章的标题。故选Ao36 Jerry has been preparing carefully for the coming E
11、nglish test so that he can be sure of passing it at his firstA. rescueB. attemptC. purposeD. request答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：杰瑞一直在认真地为即将到来的英语考试做准备，以便他有把握第一次就通过。A:rescue 营救;B:attempt尝试;C:purpose目的;D:request要求.固定句式at ones first attempt在某人第一次尝试时，结合 句意,应选B。37、 Jenny said that she had never thought in her life tha
12、t she would ever sing .But now, singing in the choir provides from what she calls the gray days.A. realityB. reliefC. missionD. fault答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的 “灰暗日子。A.reality现实；B.relief减轻，解除;emission任务；D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知， 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的灰暗日子。应选B项。38 The earth i
13、s the planet provides us with everything we need,fresh air,clean water,so its our duty toprotect it.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in which答案：A 解析:12 考查定语从句。句意：地球是提供我们需要的一切一一新鲜的空气，干净的水一一的星球，所以保护它是我们 的责任。分析句子结构可知，planet为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中做主语，可用 which或者that,根据所给选择项，应选A项。39、While most of us are only t
14、oo ready to others the cold wind of, we are somehow reluctantto give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A. respond to.conflictB. apply to .criticismC. react to.threatD. reply to.superiority答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故 却不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛
15、盾；B. apply to 把应用到，把施加到，criticism批评；C. react to对作出反映,threat威胁;D. reply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of和第二句话中的give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise正好相反。和 praise 相反的是“批评(criticism)”。所以应该选Bo apply sth. to sb.意为将应用到，将施加到该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to oth
16、ers(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。应选B。40、The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.1、 constitutions. affectionC. conservationD. production答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B.affection喜爱；C.conservation保护；D.production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选
17、C。41、 The murder is still under.A. attempt, investigatingB. attempted, investigating13C. attempted, investigationD. attempting, investigation答案：C解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词murder, attempt的形容词是attempted,意为未遂的,under后跟名词作宾语,investigate的名词是investigation,under investigation 意为“在调查中,因此第一空
18、是 attempted,第二空是 investigation,应选 Co42、 The Chinese volleyball team won the World Cup victory, which was beyond our wildest.A. inspirations. expectationsC. invitationsD. cooperation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国排球队赢得了世界杯的胜利，这大大超出我们的预料。A. inspiration灵感；B. expectations期望；预料;C.invitations邀请;D. cooperation合作。根据句
19、意可知,中国排球队赢得世界杯的 胜利，所以这出乎我们的意料beyond ones expectation表示“超出某人的预料，应选B。43 Its wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situationB. employmentC. professionD. position答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势;B. employment 雇佣；C. profession 职业，
20、专业；D. position 位置。根据空后in the government to behave too badly in public.可知，空处需用名词position,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错误的。 应选Do44、 In a small wooded valley two towns, both set in beautiful.A. lies; surroundingB. lie; surroundingsC. lay; surroundingD. did lie; surroundings14答案：B 解析: 考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的
21、小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句 子可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie位于，lay是lie 的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是twotowns,是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding周围的，是形容 词,surroundings环境是名词，形容词beautiful修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语,应选B。45 Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding
22、 contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cuisineC. securityD. purchase答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏;B. cuisine风味;A security平安;D.purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、平安的水稻。应选C项。46 People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isn*t much to live on.A. w
23、elfareB. priceC. prizeD. salary答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A. welfare （政府给予的）福利；B.price价格；C.prize奖赏;D.salary工资。根据前文who have no job可知, 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。47、 We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on her own.A.
24、 confidences. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D15解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；D.sympathy 同情。 根据后文“for she had to bring up the children on her own（因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。48、Nowadays, food safety has become theof the government as well as th
25、e society.A. advantageB. focusC. companyD. anger答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点；B. focus焦 点；C pany公司，陪伴；D.anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品平安，应选B项。49、My brother is a policeman.划线成分是A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中，my brother”为主语，is为系动词，a policeman在系动词后作表语。应选D。50、The poli
26、ce ordered him not to leave the city withoutA. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛；B. bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permission许可。由The police ordered him可知,此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市，permission符合句意。应选D项。1651、Though David received the from the school b
27、asketball team, he didnt give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A. interactionB. companionshipC. cooperationD. rejection答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练 习。A. interaction互动；B panionship友谊；C.cooperation合作；D. rejection拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝（rejection）符合语境和句意，应选D
28、。52、 The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular.A. grew; preferences, was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preference答案：D解析：考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐，因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和be动词都可 以省略,所以 while （he w
29、as） growing。preference （爱好，偏爱的事物）；interest （兴趣）。show a preference （表 现出偏爱）。根据The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知，他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。53、 As you know, the of any species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A. evolutionB. conclusionC. appreciationD. association答
30、案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A.evolution 进化；B. conclusion 结论；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. association 联盟。根据句中的“species（物种）可知,“evolution进化，符合句意。应选A。1754、 Much to my, the city has developed rapidly over the years.A. amazeB. amazedC. amazementD. amazing答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分
31、迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语to onezs amazement,意为令某人吃惊的是，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。小提示：55、 That flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventive.A. referred to, actionsB. referred, measureC. referred, actionD. referred to, measures答案：D解析：考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们屡次提到那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表 示“提到
32、，提及”应用短语refer to；结合上文TVs important to take preventive指采取预防措施，应用takemeasures,也可以说成 take actiono 应选 Do56 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于12年级
33、的时间紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.schedule时间表；B.pressure压力;C.performance表现;D.impression印象。由语意可知,很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。57、 Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively. Its like a hidden to me.18A. treasureB. traditionC. interviewD. competition答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼。
34、对我来说，它就像一个隐藏的宝藏。A. treasure 宝藏；B. tradition 传统；C. interview 采访；D. competition 竞争。根据Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively.可知，斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼，这对于我来说应该是像一 个隐藏的宝藏。应选A项。58、fine weather it is!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How答案：c解析：考查感叹句和连词。句意：今天多么好的天气呀！感叹句句式：How+adj+主语+谓语！ What+adj+n+主语
35、+谓语! how是副词，修饰形容词或者副词作状语，what修饰名词，分析句子可知，修饰名词weather用what,且 weather是不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，应选C。59、 What we say should be consistent with what we do. There should not be in our words and actions.A. conservationB. contradictionC. consequenceD. consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservat
36、ion保护；B. contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。 根据上文“What we say should be consistent with what we do.”可知,指言行不矛盾,应用contradiction。应选B。60、 As a soldier, he showed selfless to duty.A. devotionB. conservationC. assumptionD. comparison答案：A19A. impressed, impressionB. impressing ， impressi
37、onC. impressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。5、With the popularity of smart phones, people grad
38、ually lose the for watching television, which makes TV adecoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis分析；B.appetite兴趣，欲望；C.incident事件；D.appreciation欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了
39、看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。6、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the century.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号,预兆;strategy策略；accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward展望可推断，领导层想要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。7、Due to
40、 widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out across解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名士兵，他表现出了对职责的无私奉献。A.devotion贡献；B.conservation 保存，保持；C.assumption假定;D parison比拟。根据selfless和to duty可知，此处是指对职责的无私奉 献。应选A。61、The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.
41、A. accountB. benefitC. targetD. process答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B.benefit利 益；C. target目标；D.process过程。由reach”和5,000 students next September”可知，句子表示“这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标,因此空格处是目标,是target,应选C。62、Some experts claim that the of students should cover more aspects, such a
42、s activity involvement andteamwork contributions.A. admissionB. assessmentC. awarenessD. ambition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专家称学生评估应该包含更多方面，例如参与活动和团队贡献。A. admission 成认；B. assessment 评估；C. awareness 意识；D. ambition 抱负。根据such as activity involvement and teamwork contributions.可知，此处是指对学生的评估。应选B。63、There are p
43、eople in the cinema.A. two hundredB. two hundredsC. two hundred of答案：A解析：考查数词。句意：电影院里有两百个人。用hundred （百）表确切数字修饰名词时，hundred不可变为复数形20式，且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。应选A。64 The government has taken some to solve the problem.A. measuresB. atomsC. novelsD. peppers答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府已经采取了一些措施来解决这个问题。A. measures措施；B.atom
44、s原子；C. novels小说；D. peppers甜椒。由to solve the problem”可知，此处指采取措施解决问题。应选A项。65、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B.selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处
45、表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。66、 This new variety of music is a around the world.A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：c解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓语动词，与前面名词phenomenon构成主动关系，用现
46、 在分词形式，spreading符合题意。应选C项。67、 The job must have good expression skills.21A. cheaterB. philosopherC. warriorD. applicant答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这份工作的申请人必须有好的表达技巧。A. cheater骗子；B. philosopher哲学家； C. warrior勇士； D. applicant申请人。只有applicant可以job形成词组“工作申请人”，其他项均与语义不符， 应选D项。68、Procrastination can often pose to p
47、eople/s ability their goals successfully, which is evident, forexample, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.A. a question . of pursuingB. an obstacle . to pursueC. a dilemma . to pursueD. a hindrance . to pursuing答案：B解析：考查名词和非谓语。句意：拖延症往往会给人们成功追求目标的能力带来阻碍，这一点很明显，例如，拖延 症与学校成绩较差有关。A.a question . of pursuing问题；追求B.an obstacle . to pursue阻碍;追求C.a dilemma . to pursue困境；追求D.a hindrance . to pursuing”阻碍；追求”。固定搭配 ones ability to do sth“某 人的做某事的能力，故排除选项A和D。在根据句意，拖延症