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1、备注:本套试卷附有答案解析,答案解析字体为白色,预览无法观看，如需观看试题的答案解析，请下载试卷CTRL+A选中全部文字，然后将答案字体调整为黑色即可。【自考英语12022年3月北京市太平桥街道英语（一） 模拟题（解析版）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence
2、 in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance,
3、 and supreme sacrifice. Times of war test a community/s deepest religious and ethical commitments. What can we learn from the paragraph?A、 Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of war.B、 In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.C、 In times of war go
4、vernments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.D、 Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.【正确答案】D第18题【单项选择题】2005.4 The moon merely the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky.A、reflectsB、demonstratesC、transmitsD launches
5、【正确答案】A第19题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, are used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports.Q: Holonyaks colleag
6、ues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A第20题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Two United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children are most at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in the earths protective ozone
7、 layer. The agencies, the World Health Organization (WHO)and the UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) , issued the warning as they launched a global programme aimed at alerting schools to the dangers of exposure to the sun.Why does the risk of developing skin cancers in children become greater and grea
8、terA、 Because they pay little attention to their skin health.B、Because they are short of physical training.C、Because the earths protective ozone layer declines year after year.D、 Because the earth is getting warmer and warmer.【正确答案】C第21题【单项选择题】2009.1 I was delighted her performance in NYU last night
9、.A、ofB、withC、fromD for【正确答案】B第22题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Mexicos current lack of funds is also partly due to oil. The country has rich oil fields and a few years ago, when oil was expensive, Mexico was selling large quantities of oil to the USA and earning a lot of money. However, the price of oil then droppe
10、d, and Mexico has been left owing enormous sums of money and with not enough income from oil sales to pay back the loans.A、 But those ruins are in clanger of being seriously damaged by pollution.B、 Scientists estimate that about one millimeter of stone is worn away every twelve years.C、At others the
11、 painted surfaces inside temples are lifting and flaking off and the stone is being eaten away.D、The government was therefore able to borrow huge sums of money from banks around the world, thinking they would have no problem repaying their debts.【正确答案】D第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Br
12、own University, visualize the current by measuring subtle （细微的） changes in the magnetic field of an object and.A to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to
13、 banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point【正确答案】D第24题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 More and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner. According to a recent U.S. census （人口普查）,25 percent of all househol
14、ds in the U.S. are made up of just one person.A、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.B、He says, Z1 like being by myself.”C However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.D、 Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.【正确答案】C第25题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】
15、The withdrawal of Nevadas Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste. In an article in the July 10 issue of Science, University of Michigan geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton Univer
16、sity nuclear physicist Frank von Hippel argue that, although federal agencies should set standards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear facilities, local communities and states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities. The authors propose the development of multiple
17、 sites that would service the regions where nuclear reactors are located. Which of the following words can best substitute the word “withdrawal in the first paragraphA、 Retirement.B、Canceling.C、 Replaced.D、Disposal.【正确答案】B第26题【单项选择题】【概括大意For more than ten years there has been a big rise in car crime
18、 than in most other types of crimes. An average of more than two cars a minute are broken into or stolen in the UK. Car crime accounts for almost a third of all reported offenses （进攻）with no signs that the trend is slowing down. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Safe ParkingB、Increase in Car Thef
19、tC、Opportunities for Non-professionalsD Anti-theft Organizations【正确答案】B第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it. Theres nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of
20、 someone with a note-taking pad. Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person youre dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.D、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.E、 Come back another day; it will go better.F、 The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.D、B
21、oth of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】D第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 More and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or thedeath of a partner. According to a recent U.S. census （人口普查）,25 percent of all households in the U.S. are made up of just one person.A、 It seems
22、that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.B、He says, Z1 like being by myself.”C、However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.G、 Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.【正确答案】C第29题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state milit
23、ary apparatus. While the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states
24、; it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme sacrifice. The word allegiance is closest in meaning to.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD、motive【正确答案】A第30题【单项选择题】填句补文】 More and more Americans are living alone. Some live al
25、one because of divorce or the death of a partner. According to a recent U.S. census （人口普查）,25 percent of all households in the U.S. are made up of just one person.A、 It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.B、He says, Z1 like being by myself.”C、However, even more people
26、are living alone because they have chosen to.D、 Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.【正确答案】C第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 We all have our own comfort foods. Interestingly, they may vary according to moods and gender. One study found that happy people seem to want to eat things like pizza, while sad peop
27、le prefer ice cream and cookies.Researchers also found that guys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, like steaks and casseroles. Girls go for chocolate and ice cream.A、 Bored people crave salty, crunchy things, like chips.B、 Emotional eating patterns can be learned.C、Dont let emotional eatin
28、g disturb your weight.D、 But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too.【正确答案】A第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year.More than half are give to farm -animals to prevent disease and promote growth.AThe warning comes from a re
29、searcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry.B、The drugs could be getting into our food and water.C、 Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged.D But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance o
30、f antibiotic -resistant bugs that infect people.【正确答案】D第33题【单项选择题】【完成句子】In the United States, credit card fees have become a political issue. Congress has threatened to take action against some bad behavior by lenders. But getting a credit card has become a lot easier for most people. And many cards
31、 offer low rates at first, especially if people agree to move their money from another card. In the USA, Congress has threatened to take action against some bad behavior to.A、the interest charge on buying somethingB、to show people the negative effects that credit cards bring to peopleC、restrain the
32、phenomenon of credit card feesD、A key board【正确答案】C第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The typical person living alone is neither old nor lonely. The majority of these people have chosen to live alone. They are responding to decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family.A、 This is a dramatic change from t
33、he extended families of just a couple of generations ago.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C、 Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.D In fact, a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U.S. are under the age of 35.【
34、正确答案】D第35题【单项选择题】If I had remembered the window, the thief would not have got in.A、to closeB、closingC、to have closedD、having closed【正确答案】A第36题【单项选择题】to raise the question.2005.10 Only after classA、did he allowedB、was he allowedC、he was allowedD、did he allow【正确答案】B第37题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】On the other hand,
35、on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material
36、 in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becauseA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、
37、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B第38题【单项选择题】2005.4 Their mother is busy ready for work.A、gotB、getsC、to getD、getting第2题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】On March 27, the US Government
38、 scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens; they telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time.Q: American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not
39、 Given【正确答案】A第3题【单项选择题】【填句补文】He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients, and which are common in soil or water.A、There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.B、And the size of elements symbol reflects how much of it is foun
40、d in the Earth/s crust.C、 Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.D、 Raisback has listed some elements more than once.【正确答案】B第4题【单项选择题】【正确答案】D第39题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sport, the Br
41、itish Governments sports body, has expressed reservations. I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sport is looking for, says Jerry Bingham, UK Sports head of ethics （伦理）.What does Jerry Bingham express by saying I rem
42、ain to be convinced?A His anger.B、 His criticism.C、 His agreement.D、His doubt.【正确答案】D第40题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Energy beamed down from space is one step closer to reality, now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and 日ectric Company buy 200 megawatt （3匕瓦） o
43、f power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016. But some major challenges will have to be overcome if the technology is to be used widely.Solar-power satellites will use radio waves to beam energy down from space. （ ）A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A第41题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Scientific conse
44、rvatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/ Allen said. We have a lot of work to do to rule out （排除 的可能性）possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process, without biology, can explain the
45、se results.What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、 Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、 Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、 Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemi
46、cal reaction is a possible explanation.【正确答案】A第42题【单项选择题】2005.4 Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find difficultto succeed in language learning.A、whichB、howC、 thatD、it【正确答案】D第43题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be th
47、e last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/1 Allen said. We have a lot of work to do to rule out (排除 的可能性)possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process, without biology, can explain these results.What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、 Sc
48、ientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.B、 Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、 Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is a possible explanation.【正确答案】A第44题【单项选择题】【阅读理解】Two United Nations agencies warned on Tuesday that children are most at risk of developing skin cancers as a result of the long-term decline in the earths protective ozone