《英语-2022年江苏南京中考考前押题密卷（全解全析）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语-2022年江苏南京中考考前押题密卷（全解全析）.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2022年江苏南京中考考前押题密卷英语-全解全析（考试时间：90分钟 试卷总分值：90分） 考前须知：1 .本试卷共10页。全卷总分值90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生 答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2 .请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自 己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3 .答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后， 再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置 答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）
2、 一、单项填空（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. 一When did the Shenzhou XII return to the Earth?一 the afternoon of September 17.A. InB. OnC. AtD. Since【答案】B【详解】句意：神舟十二是什么时候返回地球的？考查介词辨析。in后接年、月或泛指的上下午、晚上等；on后接具体日期或具体某一天的上下午、 晚上等；at后接具体钟表时刻等；since自从。根据“the afternoon of September
3、17.”可知止匕处指在9 月17日这一天的下午，用介词on。应选B。2. 一 Ricky, your pronunciation sounds good.have you learnt French?When I visited Paris two years ago, I began to learn it online.A. WhereB. WhenC. How much D. How long【答案】D【详解】句意： 瑞奇，你的发音听起来不错。你学法语多久了？当我两年前访问巴黎时，我开始在 网上学习。28. 推理判断题。本文向我们介绍南京总统府的相关信息，所以推测本文来自旅游指南，应选B
4、。Gu Ailing is a talented free skier. Gu was born in the US, where she started on the snow at the age of 3. She got Chinese citizenship when she was 15. She is also a model and Stanford student. She hopes to use sports as a bridge between China and the US. She enjoys meat as well as vegetables.Wu Daj
5、ing, 27, is a leader as well as a superstar of Chinas short-track speed skating team. Wu became interested in winter sports when he was 10. He got up at 4 a.m. every day to practice. He says he never eats meat or has drinks.After winning gold in 2014 and 2018, Japanese Yuzuru Hanyu has been seen by
6、many as the best figure skater in history. Hanyu not only has great skills, but also has a fantastic style. He started the game as early as five and was called the “Ice Prince”. Coca Cola is one of his favorite drinks.With waves of cheers from the audience, Su Yiming bagged gold in the mens snowboar
7、d big air final on February 15th. Is the 6th gold for China at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Su first practiced snowboard at the age of 4. Beef, pork, and fish are his favorite.A. Gu Ailing.B. Wu Dajing.C. Yuzuru Hanyu. D. Su Yiming.29. Who was the youngest to start winter sports?30. What sport
8、is the Japanese sportsman good at?A. Free skiing.B. Snowboard.C. Figure skating.D. Short-track speed skating.A. He practiced very hard.C. He used to be a model.31. How is Wu Dajing different from the others?B. He is a superstar in winter sports.D. He never eats meat or has drinks.【答案】29. A 30. C 31.
9、 D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几位运发动的个人信息。29 .推理判断题。根据文中Gu was bom in the US, where she started on the snow at the age of 3. Wu became interested in winter sports when he was 10.“ He started the game as early as five and was called the 6Ice Prince，.以及“Su first practiced snowboard at the age of 4.”可推理出,谷爱凌是最小开始
10、冬季运 动的人。应选A。30 .推理判断题。根据文中“After winning gold in 2014 and 2018, Japanese Yuzuru Hanyu has been seen by many as the best figure skater in history.”可推理出，日本运发动擅长花样滑冰。应选C。31 .细节理解题。根据文中“He says he never eats meat or has drinks.可知，吴大靖和其他人的不同之 处是他从不吃肉或喝酒。应选D。CIn 2018, Science Magazine asked some young sci
11、entists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can get knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civili
12、zations （文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines help us to get most human knowledge. It seem
13、s that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have realized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases （偏 见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective （客观的）,bu
14、t machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process （过程）, In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relates to the ease （容易）of getting information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go t
15、o the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine inte
16、lligence （智慧），we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without
17、food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be
18、 found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we slowly but unquestionably become strangers to future people.32 . Smart machines are likely to increase our biases because.A. they go off course in testing and scoringB. we control the training process on themC.
19、 we offer them too much informationD. they overuse the provided answers33 . The ease of getting information from the Internet.A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB , prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeseparat
20、es the facts we have from those in the smart machines34 . The underlined word “collapse“ in Paragraph 5 probably means A. a sudden failure B. the basic rule C. an unhappy start D. the slow development35 . The writers main purpose in writing this passage is to.A. question about the standards of infor
21、mation storagediscuss our problems of communication with machinesB. stress the importance of improving our remembering abilityremind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember【答案】B 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着科技的开展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多不 利之处。32 .细节理解题。根据“Many people believe smart mach
22、ines are necessarily correct and objective （客观 的），but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process （过程）. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.”可知，机器在训练的过程中，人类仍然决定正确的答案，因 此会增加我们的偏见。应选B。33 .细节理解题。根据“But today, the Internet gives us the information we
23、need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken beliefthe knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.” 可知，互联网会误导 我们认为我们已经知道了这些知识。应选C。34 .词句猜想题。根据The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results.”可知，网络崩溃会产生可怕的后果，因
24、此“collapse”意 为“a sudden failure”。应选 Ao.推理判断题。通读全文和“n a new civilization rich in machine intelligence （智慧）,we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily.”可知，在一个新文明中，我们可以很容易地接触到存储信息的智 能记忆网络。但对网络的依赖意味着很容
25、易受到伤害。可见作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们 依赖机器记忆的风险。应选D。Earthquakes happen very often in Tokyo, but Tokyo is not an unlucky city. Many special parks have been built in Tokyo to keep people safe during earthquakes. These parks look nothing different from the other parks, but when earthquakes happen, they become life
26、-saving places.Many useful things in those special parks can meet peoples basic needs.For example, it is usually hard for people to get water after earthquakes. In the special parks, people can get drinking water from the water pump （泵）.If people need to use toilets （厕所），they can choose special toil
27、ets that can be used without water. Also, the helicopter （直 升机）can land on squares or baseball fields and bring food or other things to people. Whafs more, if people need to cook in the parks, some special benches can become cooking things.However, those useful things are not enough for people to fa
28、ce earthquakes. The most important part lies in training people. The parks, together with fire stations and the police, will train with local people at the usual time. This will let people think and move faster during real earthquakes and let them protect themselves better.So, what can we do to prot
29、ect ourselves from getting hurt in earthquakes? First, we need to check our furniture and make sure they wont fall down easily. Second, when an earthquake happens, we need to stay under tables or desks and protect our head. Third, we can keep our door open and wear comfortable shoes during small ear
30、thquakes in order to get out safely.36. What can we learn about the special parks from Paragraph 1?A. The special parks can stop earthquakes.B. There arent enough special parks in Tokyo.C. The special parks look different from the common ones.D. People can be safer in the special parks during earthq
31、uakes.37. During earthquakes, people can find in these special parks. drinking water traditional toilets personal planes cooking thingsA.B.C.D.38. Why are useful things not enough fbr people?A. Because they cant work well.B. Because self-help is more important.C. Because the government doesnt have e
32、nough money.D. Because its hard for people to find them during earthquakes.39. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How to stay safe during earthquakes.B. Why people should check their furniture.C. How to prepare for danger before it comes. D. What would happen in an earthquake.40. Where does
33、this reading probably come from?A. Sports report. B. Nature magazine. C. Science research. D. Travel guidebook.【答案】D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. B【解析】本文主要讲述了东京的一些很特殊的公园可以在地震时让人们避难，并满足人们的基本需求， 此外还介绍了一些在地震中保护自己的方法。36. 细节理解题。根据“These parks look nothing different from the other parks, but when earthquakes hap
34、pen, they become life-saving places.”可知，当地震发生B寸，人们在这些特殊公园会更平安。应选D。37. 细节理解题。根据“In the special parks, people can get drinking water from the water pump.Whats more, if people need to cook in the parks, some special benches can become cooking things.“可知，人们在 特殊公园里，可以获得饮用水和做饭。应选C。38. 细节理解题。根据“However, th
35、ose useful things are not enough fbr people to face earthquakes. The most important part lies in training people.可知，人们学会自我帮助更重要一些。应选B。39. 主旨大意题。根据“what can we do to protect ourselves from getting hurt in earthquakes?”和本段内 容可知，本段主要是介绍了在地震中如何保持平安。应选A。40. 推理判断题。根据“Earthquakes happen very often in Tokyo
36、, but Tokyo is not an unlucky city.”和全 文内容可知，本文主要讲述了东京地震的一些特殊的公园以及如何在地震中保护自己的方法，地震 跟自然灾害有关，由此推断，本文可能来自自然杂志。应选B。非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每题1分，总分值15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 4145的相应位置上。41. Our geography teacher told us everything （称重） more on the earth than on the moon.【答案】weighs【详解】句意：我们
37、的地理老师告诉我们地球上的一切都比月球上重。“称重weigh,从句表示“地球上的一 切都比月球上重、这是客观事实，客观事实从句中仍用现，此处用一般现在时，主语 everything后 用动词第三人称单数形式weighs。故填weighs。42. 一Is everyone here, Jonathan?No. Sir. Millie is.（缺席）【答案】absent【详解】句意：所有人都在这里吗，约翰逊？ 不，先生。米莱缺席了。谓语动词是is,句中缺少表 语，根据中文意思，可知这里缺少的是形容词，形容词absen亡缺席的。故填absent。43. He spent as much time a
38、s he could the problems in his life. （解决）【答案】solving【详解】句意：他花了尽可能多的时间，解决他生活中的问题。考查动名词作宾语。spent time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，用动名词作spent的宾语。solve“解决”。 故填 solvingoIt seems that the big meal is cooked for me.(专门土也)【答案】specially【详解】句意：看来这顿大餐是专门为我做的。“专门地”specially,副词修饰动词。故填specially。44. What great the firemen
39、have to face danger at the boundary between life and death!(勇气)【答案】courage【详解】句意：消防队员在生死关头面对危险时有多么大的勇气啊！由语境和汉语提示可知，勇气”译成： courage,不可数名词。故填courage。B)根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为4650 的相应位置上。45. Yang Zhenning, in his(ninety), was on the list of the 2021 Touching China annual people (感动中国年度人物).【
40、答案】nineties【详解】句意：杨振宁，在他九十多岁时: 被提名为2021年度感动中国年度人物。表示某人几十多岁这样 的约略年龄，用“in one 1+逢十的基数词的复数(如tens, twenties, thirties等)”来表达。ninety的复数形 式为 nineties。故填 nineties。46. Many schools are still closed in some areas(stop) the spread of the virus.【答案】to stop【详解】句意:在一些地区，很多学校仍然关闭，为了防止病毒传播。stop动词，意为“防止”。根据“Many sch
41、ools are still closed in some areas.the spread of the virus.可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to stopo47. Look! There is a wallet on the ground, (lie)【答案】lying【详解】句意：看！地上有一个钱包。lie“躺，位于”，动词，根据“There is a walleton the ground.”可知，句 子是There be sth doing sth”有某物正在做某事”的句型，空处应填现在分词形式lyingo故填lyingo 49. There was a(n)(ple
42、ase) smell in the fridge because my mom kept the food in it for a long time.【答案】unpleasant【详解】句意：冰箱里有一股难闻的气味，因为我妈妈把食物放了很长时间。根据“because my mom kept the food in it for a long time”可知食物放久了就会难闻，此处用please的形容词形式unpleasant表示“令 人不快的；不舒服的”，形容词作定语。故填unpleasant。50 . It is a great pity of Yuan Longpings(die) to
43、 the world.【答案】death【详解】句意：袁隆平的死对世界来说是一件非常遗憾的事。根据“Yuan Longpings”可知，此处，s为所有格, 后跟名词,die为动词,名词为death。故填death。O根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确，并将答案填 写在答题卡标号为51-55的相应位置上。breath, more energetic, development, weight, fight againstWhether you simply go for a long walk in the park, ride your bicycle thr
44、ough the countryside or go to the gym, getting your body moving will not only make you feel 51, but will also improve yourhealth.Involving yourself in an activity that makes you 52 a little more heavily will improve the53 of your heart and lungs and help them work better. In addition, regular exerci
45、se will strengthen your muscles and bones and will also help you keep a healthy body 54, Anotheradvantage of exercise is that it will improve your bodys immune system(免疫系统)，making you better prepared to 55 diseases. So what are you waiting for?【答案】. more energetic 52. breathe 53. development 54. wei
46、ght 55. fight against 【解析】本文介绍了锻炼的好处。51 .句意：无论你只是在公园里长时间散步，骑自行车穿过乡村还是去健身房，让你的身体运动不 仅会让你感觉更有活力，也会改善你的健康。feel为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。more energetic 表示“更有活力。故填more energetic o.句意：让自己参与到一项活动中来，让你的呼吸更沉重一些，这将促进你的心肺的发育，并帮 助它们更好地工作。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事，breathe表示“呼吸，动词。故填breathe。 53.句意：让自己参与到一项活动中来，让你的呼吸更沉重一些，这将
47、促进你的心肺的发育，并帮 助它们更好地工作。根据“of your heart and lungs and help them work better.可知运动会改善心肺功 能。the后接名词，development表示“发育。故填development。54 .句意：另外，有规律的锻炼会增强你的肌肉和骨骼，也帮助你保持健康的体重。body weight 表示“体重”。故填weighto.句意:锻炼的另一个好处是会改善你身体的免疫系统，让你更好的对抗疾病。根据空后“diseases 可知此处指对抗病毒。fight against表示“对抗”。故填fight against。五、阅读填空（共20小
48、题，每题1分，总分值20分）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第5665小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词, 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为5665的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。A novel coronavirus（新型冠犬病毒）spread in Central Chinas Wuhan city three months ago, more cases have been reported in recent days. To prevent catching the infection, here are what you can do: Wear masks outdoorsIt is one of the most e他ctive（有效的）ways to protect you from getting infected. Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up（收紧）the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin（下巴）If youre not feeling well or have