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1、2.2 大气的热力状况教学设计山东省寿光一中余会莲题大气的热力状况课型新学目标1.使学生了解大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用：吸收、散射、反射2.理解大气的保温效应（短波辐射、长波辐射、大气逆辐射）3.分析理解全球热量平衡原理学重点大气的保温效应（削弱作用、保温作用）学难点理解大气对地面的保温效应教学方法、学法教学程序讲授过导入新课：通过上节课的学习，我们知道地球被一层厚厚的大气包围，垂直高度可达2000 3000 千米，这层大气被称为“地球的外衣”。作为“外衣”它究竟起什么作用呢？这就是我们今天要学习的内容。大气的热力状况一、引言：地球上许许多多与人类生活和生产密切相关的大气现象，都与大气的热力作用
2、相关，那么大气的热量能源来源于哪里？太阳辐射。以“地球的外引入程（出示课件1）太阳辐射的波长范围。回答：1.A、B、C 分别表示什么？A 紫外区B 可见光区C 红外区2.太阳辐射能主要集中在哪个部分？B、C。（出示课件2）3.图中红色代表到达地面的太阳辐射，它仅占到达大气上界太阳辐射的47%，为什么？原因：大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用。（一）大气对太阳辐射的削弱作用：1.吸收作用（出示课件3 讲解）平流层中臭氧吸收波长较短的紫外线了解太阳辐射的波长范围为以下的学习打基础教学程序教学方法、学法文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q
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4、10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P
5、3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q
6、1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B
7、10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P
8、3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q
9、1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B
10、10L9Z3讲授过程对流层中水汽、二氧化碳吸收波长较长的红外线可见光吸收很少，大部分可透过大气射到地面上来。由此可见，大气直接吸收的太阳辐射很少，因此，太阳辐射并非对流层大气的直接热源。2.反射作用（出示课件4 讲解）参与大气成分：云层和颗粒较大的尘埃特点：无选择性实例：夏季多云的白天，气温不会太高3.散射作用（出示课件5）参与的大气成分：空气分子和微小尘埃特点：有选择性（波长越短，越容易被散射）例：晴朗的天空呈现蔚蓝色方向：四面八方特点：有选择性（波长越短，越容易被散射）。例：晴朗的天空呈现蔚蓝色。当空气质点为颗粒较大的尘埃、雾粒、小水滴时，散射无选择性，各波段同时被散射，天空呈现灰白色（阴
11、雨天）。“日落黄昏十里路”。树阴下，教室里仍能看清东西，凡是阳光不能直接照射的地方，仍是明亮的，皆因大气的散射作用。小结（见课件5，以表格形式出现）4.削弱作用的差异性：不同纬度不同削弱作用与纬度的关系：（课件6）纬度高太阳高度角小太阳辐射经过大气的路程长被削弱的辐射多纬度低太阳高度角大太阳辐射经过大气的路程短被削弱的辐射少这就是太阳辐射由低纬度向两极递减的原因之一。举与散射现象有关的实例说明举实例说明看课件了解文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档
12、编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6
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15、编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6 ZR9P10B10L9Z3文档编码:CB7Q1I5T10A10 HV10P3L1S7T6
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