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1、学习好资料欢迎下载第十章浮力单元复习【学习目标】1.知道浮力及产生的原因,知道浮力的方向;2.理解阿基米德原理;3.理解物体的浮沉条件。【重点难点】1浮力的计算;2.阿基米德原理的探究;3.物体的浮沉条件。【知识梳理】一、浮力1.定义:叫做浮力。2.浮力的方向,浮力的施力物体。3.阿基米德原理:用公式表示为。4.浸在液体中的物体受到浮力的大小与、有关,与浸没液体的深度关。5.浮力的求法:(1)压力差法:(2)称重法:(3)阿基米德原理:(4)二力平衡法(悬浮或漂浮):二、物体的浮沉条件1.浸没在液体中的物体的浮沉,决定于它受到的力和力。当 F浮 G物时,液物,物体上浮;当 F浮 G物时,液物,
2、物体下沉;当 F浮 G物时,液物,物体悬浮。2.上浮静止后的状态称为,此时 F浮 G物,液物。3.潜水艇是靠来实现浮沉的;气球和飞艇是靠来实现浮沉的。*4.密度计是测量的仪器,它的原理是。练习俗话说“瓜浮李沉”,意思是西瓜投入水中可以漂浮,李子投入水中会下沉。漂浮的西瓜受到的浮力_李子受到的浮力,西瓜的密度_李子的密度(选填“大于”“小于”或“等于”)。2.用手将一重为 8N的物体全部压入水中,物体排开的水重为10N,此时物体受到的浮力为 _N;放手后物体将 _(填上浮、下沉或悬浮);待物体静止时所受浮力为 _N 3.一个密封的箱子体积是 5dm3,质量是 4kg,不慎掉入河中,木箱在水中将(
3、)A上浮 B下沉 C悬浮 D无法判断 学习好资料欢迎下载4.小竹将质量为 120g的物体放入盛满水的溢水杯中,当物体静止时,溢水杯中溢出了 100cm3 的水,则物体(g取10N/kg)()A漂浮在水面上 B悬浮在水中 C沉在溢水杯底部 D受到 1.2N的浮力源5.如图所示,把一个苹果放入浓盐水中,苹果处于漂浮状态如果把水面以上的部分切去,则余下的部分()A沉入水底 B仍然漂浮 C刚好悬浮 D无法判断6.小明同学在做鸡蛋浮沉的实验时,用适当浓度的盐水使鸡蛋正好悬浮那么,下列操作和判断正确的是()A向盐水中继续加清水,鸡蛋将上浮,直至漂浮,但鸡蛋所受浮力不变B向盐水中继续加清水,鸡蛋将下沉至容器
4、底部,但鸡蛋所受浮力减小向盐水中继续加盐,鸡蛋将上浮,直至漂浮,但鸡蛋所受浮力不变D.向盐水中继续加盐,鸡蛋将下沉至容器底部,但鸡蛋所受浮力增加7.物体在液体中受到的浮力大小【】A、和物体本身的重力大小有关B、和物体的体积大小有关 C、和物体的密度大小有关D、和物体排开液体的体积大小有关8.在公园平静的湖水中,经常能看到从湖底产生的气泡向上升。则气泡在水中向上升的过程中,下列说法正确的是()A.气泡所受的液体压强不变 B.气泡所受的液体压强变小C.气泡所受的浮力变大 D.气泡所受的浮力不变9.有一支三角形的铁制品,先后按照如图所示的四种情况浸没在某种液体中,则这四种情况下铁制品受到的浮力的大小
5、关系是:()AF1F2F3F4 BF1F2F3F4 CF1F2F3F4 DF1F2F3F4 10.甲、乙、丙、丁是四个体积、形状相同而材料不同的球,把它们投入水中静止后的情况如下图所示,它们中所受浮力最小的是()A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁11.甲、乙两物体的质量之比是35,密度之比是 310,若把它们浸没在同种液体中,则它们所受的浮力之比是()文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I
6、3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10
7、I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I1
8、0I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I
9、10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1
10、I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C
11、1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2
12、C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3学习好资料欢迎下载A.35 B.310 C.12 D.21 12如图所示,体积相同的甲、乙、丙三个物体浸没在水中。甲上浮、乙悬浮、丙 下 沉,在 甲 露 出 水 面 之 前,关 于 它 们 所 受 浮 力 的 说 法 正 确 的 是()A.甲受到的浮力 B.乙受到的浮力大 C.丙受到的浮力大 D.甲、乙、丙受到的浮力一样大13
13、.一艘排水量为3000吨的轮船在河水中航行,满载时船及所装的货物共重_N;当这艘轮船从河里驶入海里时,它排开水的体积_(填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)14.如图所示,潜水艇能够上浮和下沉是通过改变_来实现的;潜水艇在上浮过程中,未露出水面之前,所受的浮力将_(填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)15.如图所示,密度均匀的木块漂浮在水面上,现沿虚线将下部分截去,则剩下的部分将()A上浮一些 B静止不动 C下沉一些 D无法确定16.两手分别拿着一个小木块和一个大石块浸没在水中,同时松手,小木块上浮,大石块下沉比较松手时两者所受的浮力()A木块受的浮力大 B石块受的浮力大C两者受的浮力一样大 D条件不
14、足,无法比较17.一体积为 1103m3 的空心铁球重 8.8N,求:(1)该铁球浸没在密度是 0.8103kgm3 的酒精中时,是上浮还是下沉?(2)该铁球放入水中静止时受到的浮力是多大?文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ1
15、0T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ
16、10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 Z
17、Q10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4
18、ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4
19、 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q
20、4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3
21、Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3学习好资料欢迎下载18.在阿基米德与王冠的故事中,若王冠的质量为490g,浸没在水中称时,王冠重4.5N,求(1)王冠在水中所受的浮力(2)它排开的水重是多少 (3)它排开水的质量是多少?(4)它排开水的体积是多少?(5)它的密度是多少?19.潜水艇能潜入水下航行,进行侦察和袭击,如图是某型号的潜水艇的截面图,潜水艇两侧有水舱,通过向水舱中充水或从水舱中排水来实现下沉或上浮(海水 1.03 103kgm3;g10N kg)(1)如果水舱没有充海水时,潜水艇的总质量为9.2710
22、5kg,此时潜水艇漂浮在海面,求潜水艇排开海水的体积(2)在某次海上演习时,若潜水艇底部某处距海面的深度为300m,求该处受到海水的压强文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9
23、 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T
24、9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10
25、T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O1
26、0T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O
27、10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2
28、O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3文档编码:CS1R3M2O10T9 HT3T8F2A3Q4 ZQ10T2C1I10I3