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1、小升初数学备考小升初数学知识点之比和比例比和比例1.比的意义和性质(1)比的意义两个数相除又叫做两个数的比。“：”是比号，读作“比”。比号前面的数叫做比的前项，比号后面的数叫做比的后项。比的前项除以后项所得的商，叫做比值。同除法比较，比的前项相当于被除数，后项相当于除数，比值相当于商。比值通常用分数表示，也可以用小数表示，有时也可能是整数。比的后项不能是零。根据分数与除法的关系，可知比的前项相当于分子，后项相当于分母，比值相当于分数值。(2)比的性质比的前项和后项同时乘上或者除以相同的数(0 除外)，比值不变，这叫做比的基本性质。(3)求比值和化简比求比值的方法：用比的前项除以后项，它的结果是
2、一个数值可以是整数，也可以是小数或分数。根据比的基本性质可以把比化成最简单的整数比。它的结果必须是一个最简比，即前、后项是互质的数。(4)比例尺图上距离：实际距离=比例尺要求会求比例尺;已知图上距离和比例尺求实际距离;已知实际距离和比例尺求图上距离。线段比例尺：在图上附有一条注有数目的线段，用来表示和地面上相对应的实际距离。(5)按比例分配在农业生产和日常生活中，常常需要把一个数量按照一定的比来进行分配。这种分配的方法通常叫做按比例分配。方法：首先求出各部分占总量的几分之几，然后求出总数的几分之几是多少。2、比例的意义和性质(1)比例的意义表示两个比相等的式子叫做比例。组成比例的四个数，叫做比
3、例的项。两端的两项叫做外项，中间的两项叫做内项。(2)比例的性质在比例里，两个外项的积等于两个两个内向的积。这叫做比例的基本性质。(3)解比例根据比例的基本性质，如果已知比例中的任何三项，就可以求出这个数比例中的另外一个未知项。求比例中的未知项，叫做解比例。3、正比例和反比例(1)成正比例的量两种相关联的量，一种量变化，另一种量也随着变化，如果这两种量中相对应的两个数的比值(也就是商)一定，这两种量就叫做成正比例的量，他们的关系叫做正比例关系。用字母表示y/x=k(一定)(2)成反比例的量两种相关联的量，一种量变化，另一种量也随着变化，如果这两种量中相对应的两个数的积一定，这两种量就叫做成反比
4、例的量，他们的关系叫做反比例关系。用字母表示xy=k(一定)文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1
5、 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1
6、R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8
7、 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6
8、S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2
9、文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:C
10、F2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2小升初数学备考小升初数学知识点之用字母表示数用字母表示数1、用字母表示数的意义和作用*用字母表示数，可以把数
11、量关系简明的表达出来，同时也可以表示运算的结果。2、用字母表示常见的数量关系、运算定律和性质、几何形体的计算公式(1)常见的数量关系路程用 s 表示，速度v 用表示，时间用t 表示，三者之间的关系：s=vt v=s/t t=s/v 总价用 a 表示，单价用b 表示，数量用c 表示，三者之间的关系:a=bc b=a/c c=a/b(2)运算定律和性质加法交换律：a+b=b+a 加法结合律：(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)乘法交换律：ab=ba 乘法结合律：(ab)c=a(bc)乘法分配律：(a+b)c=ac+bc 文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2
12、文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:C
13、F2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H
14、10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1
15、 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1
16、R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8
17、 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6
18、S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2减法的性质：a-(b+c)=a-b-c (3)用字母表示几何形体的公式长方形的长用a 表示，宽用b 表示，周长用c 表示，面积用s 表示。c=2(a+b)s=ab 正方形的边长a 用表示，周长用c 表示，面积用s 表示。c=4a s=a2 平行四边形的
19、底a 用表示，高用h 表示，面积用s 表示。s=ah 三角形的底用a 表示，高用h 表示，面积用s 表示。s=ah/2 梯形的上底用a 表示，下底b 用表示，高用h 表示，中位线用m表示，面积用s 表示。s=(a+b)h/2 s=mh 圆的半径用r 表示，直径用d 表示，周长用c 表示，面积用s 表示。c=d=2r s=r2 扇形的半径用r 表示，n 表示圆心角的度数，面积用s 表示。s=nr2/360 长方体的长用a 表示，宽用b 表示，高用h 表示，表面积用s 表示，体积用v 表示。v=sh 文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF
20、2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H1
21、0Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1
22、HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R
23、4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8
24、ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S
25、7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文
26、档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2s=2(ab+ah+bh)v=abh 正方体的棱长用a 表示，底面周长c 用表示，底面积用s 表示，体积用v 表示.s=6a2 v=a3 圆柱的高用h 表示，底面周长用c 表示，底面积用s 表示，体积用v 表示.s 侧=ch s 表=s 侧+2s 底v=sh 圆锥的
27、高用h 表示，底面积用s 表示，体积用v 表示.v=sh/3 3、用字母表示数的写法数字和字母、字母和字母相乘时，乘号可以记作“.”，或者省略不写，数字要写在字母的前面。当“1”与任何字母相乘时，“1”省略不写。在一个问题中，同一个字母表示同一个量，不同的量用不同的字母表示。用含有字母的式子表示问题的答案时，除数一般写成分母，如果式子中有加号或者减号，要先用括号把含字母的式子括起来，再在括号后面写上单位的名称。4、将数值代入式子求值*把具体的数代入式子求值时，要注意书写格式：先写出字母等于几，然后写出原式，再把数代入式子求值。字母表示的是数，后面不写单位名称。*同一个式子，式子中所含字母取不同
28、的数值，那么所求出的式子的值也不相同。小升初数学备考小升初数学知识点之简易方程文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G
29、10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y
30、1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA
31、2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O
32、6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL
33、8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K
34、4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2简易方程(一)方程和方程的解1、方程：含有未知数的等式叫做方程。注意方程是等式，又含有未知
35、数，两者缺一不可。方程和算术式不同。算术式是一个式子，它由运算符号和已知数组成，它表示未知数。方程是一个等式，在方程里的未知数可以参加运算，并且只有当未知数为特定的数值时，方程才成立。2、方程的解：使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值，叫做方程的解。小升初数学备考小升初数学知识点之列方程解应用题列方程解应用题1、列方程解应用题的意义*用方程式去解答应用题求得应用题的未知量的方法。2、列方程解答应用题的步骤*弄清题意，确定未知数并用x 表示;*找出题中的数量之间的相等关系;*列方程，解方程;*检查或验算，写出答案。3、列方程解应用题的方法*综合法：先把应用题中已知数(量)和所设未知数(量)列成有关的代
36、数式，再找出它们之间的等量关系，进而列出方程。这是从部分到整体的一种思维过程，其思考方向是从已知到未知。文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7
37、K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档
38、编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2
39、G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10
40、Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 H
41、A2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4
42、O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2*分析法：先找出等量关系，再根据具体建立等量关系的需要，把应用题
43、中已知数(量)和所设的未知数(量)列成有关的代数式进而列出方程。这是从整体到部分的一种思维过程，其思考方向是从未知到已知。4、列方程解应用题的范围小学范围内常用方程解的应用题：a 一般应用题;b 和倍、差倍问题;c 几何形体的周长、面积、体积计算;d 分数、百分数应用题;e 比和比例应用题。小升初数学备考小升初数学知识点之几何的初步知识几何的初步知识线和角(1)线*直线直线没有端点;长度无限;过一点可以画无数条，过两点只能画一条直线。*射线射线只有一个端点;长度无限。*线段线段有两个端点，它是直线的一部分;长度有限;两点的连线中，线段为最短。*平行线文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2
44、A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6
45、W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8
46、Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4
47、J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码
48、:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G1
49、0H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1
50、G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2文档编码:CF2G10H10Y1G1 HA2A1R4O6W8 ZL8Y6S7K4J2在同一平面内，不相交的两条直线叫做平行线。两条平行线之间的垂线长度都相等。*垂线两条直线相交成直角时，这两条直线叫做互相垂直，其中一条直线叫做另一条直线的垂线,相交的点叫做垂足。从直线外一点到这条直线所画的垂线的