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1、考研英语短文写作必背句式(1)图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Lets take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban re
2、newal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. (2)图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact d
3、ropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level. 3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add
4、 up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The nu
5、mber of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. Profits have declined slowly as competitors have taken away market share. 7. Computer use is forecast to shoot up in Africa during the coming decade. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production b
6、etween 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. The number of road accidents is expected to decrease from 50,000 in 2005 to 40,000 in 2007. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. J
7、anuary will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit
8、 its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 16. Book sales are on the decline nowadays. (3)图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us ? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experien
9、ces. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources. 3. The idea conveyed by the cartoon is apparent: the finishing point is just a new starting point. 4. I cannot help relating these drawings to reality. They clearly show how human
10、interpersonal relationships have developed. Section Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points) The current French bestseller lists are wonderfully eclectique. In 1 , there is everything 2 blockb
11、uster thrillers to Catherine Millets La vie sexuelle de Catherine M., a novel which has been 3 praised as high art and 4 as upmarket porn. Then there are novels 5 the sticky questions of good and 6 (Le demon et mademoiselle Prym) and faith versus science in the modern world (Lapparition). Philosophi
12、cal 7 continue in the non-fiction list, 8 this week by Michel Onfrays Antimanuel de philosophie, a witty take 9 some of philosophys perennial debates. Those who like their big issues in small chunks are also enjoying Frederic Beigbeders Dernier inventaire avant liquidation, a survey of Frances 10 20
13、th-century books, 11 with Mr Beigbeders 12 humour from the title on (The 50 books of the century chosen by you and critiqued by me). In Britain, meanwhile, there is olive oil all over the non- fiction list. Its a staple 13 for Nigella Lawson, a domestic divinity and celebrity 14 , whose latest 15 of
14、 recipes tops the list. Annie Hawes, in second 16 , took herself 17 to the sun- drenched hills of Italy to grow her own olives and write a book about them-as did Carol Drinkwater, just 18 the border in France. Fiction-wise, its business as 19 , with the requisite holiday mix of thrillers, romance, f
15、antasy-and Harry Potter, with The Goblet of Fire still burning 20 at number three. 1. A. literature B. narrative C. story D. fiction 2. A. on B. from C. about D. of 3. A. both B. equally C. rather D. together 4. A. approved B. admired C. derided D. scolded 5. A .attempting B, dealing C. tackling D.
16、talking 6. A. .evil B. sin C. wickedness D. bad 7. A. topics B. ideas C. arguments D. themes 8.A. topped B. covered C. overdone D. surpassed 9. A. of B. by C. at D. on 10. A good B. favourite C. favorable D. satisfying 11. A. dealt B. handled C. touched D. managed 12.A. brand B. trademark C. marked
17、D. obvious 13. A. ingredient B. constitution C. part D. factor 14.A. writer B. novelist C. chef D. journalist 15.A. set B. anthology C. collection D. album 16. A. rank B. place C. point D. status 17.A. up B. on C. off D. in 18. A. above B. around C. about D. across 19. A. usual B. usually C. common
18、D. commonly 20. A. bright B. intense C. dazzling D. brilliant Section Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 MAKING money is a dirty game, says the
19、Institute of Economic Affairs, summing up the attitude of British novelists towards business. The IEA, a free market think-tank, has just published a collection of essays (The Representation of Business in English Literature) by five academics chronicling the hostility of the countrys men and women
20、of letters to the sordid business of making money. The implication is that Britains economic performance is retarded by an anti-industrial culture. Rather than blaming recalcitrant workers and incompetent managers for Britains economic worries, then, we can put George Orwell and Martin Amis in the d
21、ock instead. From Dickenss Scrooge to Amiss John Self in his 1980s novel Money, novelists have conjured up a rogues gallery of mean, greedy, amoral money-men that has alienated their impressionable readers from the noble pursuit of capitalism. The argument has been well made before, most famously in
22、 1981 by Martin Wiener, an American academic, in his English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit. Lady Thatcher was a devotee of Mr. Wieners, and she led a crusade to revive the entrepreneurial culture which the liberal elite had allegedly trampled underfoot. The present Chancellor of t
23、he Exchequer, Gordon Brown, sounds as though he agrees with her. At a recent speech to the Confederation of British Industry, he declared that it should be the duty of every teacher in the country to communicate the virtues of business and enterprise. Certainly, most novelists are hostile to capital
24、ism, but this refrain risks scapegoating writers for failings for which they are not to blame. Britains culture is no more anti-business than that of other countries. The Romantic Movement, which started as a reaction against the industrial revolution of the century, was born and flourished in Germa
25、ny, but has not stopped the Germans from being Europes most successful entrepreneurs and industrialists. Even the Americans are guilty of blackening businesss name. SMERSH and SPECTRE went out with the cold war. James Bond now takes on international media magnates rather than Rosa Kleb. His films su
26、ch as Erin Brockovich have pitched downtrodden, moral heroes against the evil of faceless corporatism. Yet none of this seems to have dented Americas lust for free enterprise. The irony is that the novel flourished as an art form only after, and as a result of, the creation of the new commercial cla
27、sses of Victorian England, just as the modern Hollywood film can exist only in an era of mass consumerism. Perhaps the moral is that capitalist societies consume literature and film to let off steam rather than to change the world. 21. In the first paragraph, the author introduces his topic by A. po
28、sing a contract B. justifying an assumption C. making a comparison D. explaining a phenomenon 22. The word “sordid”(line 6, para 1)implies A. holy B. dirty C. sainty D. pure 23. George Orwell and Martin Amis are defendants because A. no accusation of the inefficient management B. the decline of the
29、countrys economy C. the novelists are in favor of them D. novelists depict them as merciful people 24. American academic Martin Wieners argument A. sides with the liberal elite B. is neutral about the virtue of business and enterprise C. inclines towards the revival of the entrepreneurial culture D.
30、 is hostile to the industrial spirit 25. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. the novel existed after the creation of the new commercial classes B. capital doesnt pollute social morality C. capitalist societies change the world D. the modern holy world has nothing to do with consumers Text
31、2 JOSEPH RYKWERT entered his field when post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire for its alienating embodiment of outmoded social ideals. Think of the UN building in New York, the city of Brasilia, the UNESCO building in Paris, the blocks of housing projects throughout the world. These
32、tall, uniform boxes are set back from the street, isolated by windswept plazas. They look inward to their own functions, presenting no face to the inhabitants of the city, no place for social interaction. For Mr. Rykwert, who rejects the functionalist spirit of the Athens Charter of 1933, a manifest
33、o for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the city. Architectural form should not rigidly follow function, but ought to reflect the needs of the social body it represents. Like other forms of representation, architecture is the embodiment of the decisions that go
34、into its making, not the result of impersonal forces, market or historical. Therefore, says Mr. Rykwert, adapting Joseph de Maistres dictum that a nation has the government it deserves, our cities have the faces they deserve, In this book, Mr. Rykwert, a noted urban historian of anthropological bent
35、, offers a flaneurs approach to the citys exterior surface rather than an urban history from the conceptual inside out. He does not drive, so his interaction with the city affords him a warts-and-all view with a sensual grasp of what it is to be a place. His story of urbanization begins, not surpris
36、ingly, with the industrial revolution when populations shifted and increased, exacerbating problems of housing and crime. In the 19th century many planning programs and utopias (Ebenezer Howards garden city and Charles Fouriers “phalansteries among them) were proposed as remedies. These have left th
37、eir mark on 20th-century cities, as did Baron Hausmanns boulevards in Paris, Eugene Viollet-le-Ducs and Owen Joness arguments for historical style, and Adolf Looss fateful turn-of-the-century call to abolish ornament which, in turn, inspired Le Corbusiers austere modem functionalism. The reader will
38、 recognize all these ideas in the surfaces of the cities that hosted them: New York, Paris, London, and Vienna. Cities changed again after the Second World War as populations grew, technology raced and prosperity spread. Like it or not, todays cities are the muddled product, among other things, of s
39、peed, greed, outmoded social agendas and ill-suited postmodern aesthetics. Some bemoan the old citys death; others welcome its replacement by the electronically driven global village. Mr. Rykwert has his worries, to be sure, but he does not see ruin or anomie everywhere. He defends the city as a hum
40、an and social necessity. In Chandigarh, Canberra and New York he sees overall success; in New Delhi, Paris and Shanghai, large areas of failing. For Mr. Rykwert, a man on foot in the age of speeding virtual, good architecture may still show us a face where flaneurs can read the story of their urban
41、setting in familiar metaphors. 26. An argument made by supporters of functionism is that A. post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire B. UN building in New York blocks the housing projects C. windswept plazas present “face” to the inhabitants of the city D. functionism reflects the needs
42、 of the social body 27. According to Mr Rykwert, “dictum” can serve as A. book B. market C. form D. words 28. The word “exacerbating”(line 3, para 4) means A deteriorating B inspiring C. encouraging D. surprising 29. According to Mr Rykwert, he A. sees damage here and there B. is absolutely a functi
43、onist C. is completely disappointed with the citys death D. is objectively commenting the city ? 30. The author associates the issue of functionism with post-war modernist architecture because A. they are both Mr Rykwerts arguments B. it is a comparison to show the importance of post-war modernist a
44、rchitecture C. functionism and post-war modernism architecture are totally contradictory D. Mr Rykwert supports functionism Text 3 JOY WILLIAMSS quirky fourth novel The Quick and the Dead follows a trio of 16-yearold misfits in a warped Charlies Angels set in the American south-west. Driven hazily t
45、o defend animal rights, the girls accomplish little beyond diatribe: they rescue a putrefied ram and hurl stones at stuffed elephants. In what is structurally a road novel that ends up where it began, the desultory threesome stumbles upon both cruelty to animals and unlikely romance. A mournful dog
46、is strangled by an irate neighbor, a taxidermist falls in love with an 8-year-old direct-action firebrand determined that he atone for his sins. A careen across the barely tamed Arizona prairie, this peculiar book aims less for a traditional storyline than a sequence of jangled (often hilarious) con
47、versations, ludicrous circumstances, and absurdist tableaux. The consequent long-walk-to-nowhere is both the books limitation and its charm. All three girls are motherless. Fiercely political Alice discovers that her erstwhile parents are her grandparents, who thereupon shrivel: Deceit had kept them
48、 young whereas the truth had accelerated them practically into decrepitude. Both parents of the doleful Corvus drowned while driving on a flooded interstate off-ramp. The mother of the more conventional Annabel (one of those people who would say, Well get in touch soonest when they never wanted to see you again) slammed her car drunkenly into a fish restaurant. Later, Annabels father observes to his wifes ghost, You didnt want to order what I ordered, darling. The sharp-tongued wraith snaps back: Thats because you