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1、高考英语二轮复习专项限时训练阅读理解（三十八）ATristan da Cunha, a 38 square mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest, St. Helena, and I, 950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (上将) of the same
2、name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred. Coming in a close second and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of
3、South America. The mountainous 64 square mile island was settled around the 5th century，supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for wh
4、ich the island is most famous. On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利领土). They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day. 1. It can be learned from the text tha
5、t the island of Tristan da Cunha _.A. was named after its discoverer B. got its name from Holland settlers C. was named by the British government D. got its name from the Guinness Book of Records 2. Which of the following is most famous for moai?A. Tristan da Cuha. B. Pitcairn Island. C. Easter Isla
6、nd. D. St. Helena. 3. Which country does Easter Island belong to?A. Britain. B. Holland. C. Portugal. D. Chile. BThe heart of Mexico is a high, oval valley surrounded by mountains. Once, forests covered the mountainsides, and broad, shining lakes covered nearly all the valley floor. Now, the mountai
7、ns are bare and scarred with erosion（侵蚀）, and much of the valley floor is dry and dusty. Cortez and his Spanish soldiers were the first Europeans to enter this valley. They saw the thriving Aztec city of Tenochtitlan rising from an island in one of the lakes. Surrounding it were green floating garde
8、ns. The Spaniards said it was as beautiful as a dream. Then the conquest began. By 1521, when the Spaniards had conquered the fierce Aztecs, the island city was in ruins. Cortez decided to rebuild it after the pattern of European cities. Using the conquered Aztecs as slave laborers, Cortez built the
9、 new city, now Mexico City, in just four years. “But a generation had scarcely passed after the conquest before a sad change came over these scenes so beautiful,” writes one historian. The broad, shining lakes began to dry up. Modern historians believe that Cortez began the destruction of the valley
10、s lakes when be ordered the city rebuilt. A great deal of charcoal was needed to burn the limestone (石灰石) from which cement (水泥) and mortar were made. Wood was needed to finish the interiors of the buildings. The mountainside forests were destroyed to provide the charcoal and wood. Once the sloped w
11、ere bare, rainfall o longer seeped (渗漏) slowly into the earth to feed the springs that filled the valleys lakes. Instead, rainfall poured off the mountainsides the city from floods, later rulers made a cut through the mountains so that the water drained away into another valley. Mexico City, once an
12、 island, had become a city of a dry plain. 4. The underlined word “thriving” in the second paragraph means _.A. developing successfully B. increasing C. failing D. growing little5. Which statement does this article lead you to believe?A. Keeping natures balance is not important any more. B. Men thou
13、ght natures resources would last forever. C. New forests always automatically replace old ones. D. The Aztecs didnt begin to flourish until Cortez came. 6. Why did later rulers cut through the mountains ?A. They wanted to fill the city with rainwater. B. They wanted the valleys to flood regularly. C
14、. They wanted to plant more trees. D. They wanted to protect the city from floods. 7. One the whole, the article tells about _.A. Mexico as it looked when it was a European city B. Modern historians who write about Mexico City C. Mexico city before and after the Spaniards came D. The beautiful scene
15、ry in Mexico 8. What is the authors purpose of writing this article?A .To tell the beauty and ugliness of Mexico City B. To introduce the terrible change of Mexico CityC. To explain how Mexico City changedD. To make people aware of the importance of nature balanceCShort and shy, Ben Saunders was the
16、 last kid in his class picked for any sports team. “Football, tennis Cricketanything with a round ball, I was useless, “he says now with a laugh. But back then he was the object of jokes in school gym classes in Englands rural Devonshire.It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that
17、changed him. At first the teen went biking alone in a nearby forest. Then he began to cycle along with a runner friend. Gradually, Saunders set his mind building up his body, increasing his speed, strength and endurance. At age 18, he ran his first marathon.The following year, he met John Ridgway, w
18、ho became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean. Saunders was hired as an instructor at Ridgways school of Adventure in Scotland, where he learned about the older mans cold-water exploits(成就).Intrigued, Saunders read all he could about Arctic explorers and North Pole
19、expeditions, then decided that this would be his future.Journeys to the Pole arent the usual holidays for British country boys, and many peiole dismissed his dream as fantasy. “John Ridgway was one of the few who didnt say, You are completely crazy, ”Saunders says.In 2001, after becoming a skilled s
20、kier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition toward the North Pole. He suffered frostbite, had a closer encounter(遭遇) with a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit.Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and hes skied more of the Arctic by hims
21、elf than any other Briton. His old playmates would not believe the transformation.This October, Saunders, 27, heads south to explore from the coast of Antarctica to the South Pole and back, an 1800-mile journey that has never been completed on skis.9. The turning point in Saunderslife came when _A.
22、he started to play ball gamesB. he got a mountain bike at age 15C. he ran his first marathon at age 18 D. he started to receive Ridgways training10. We can learn from the text that Ridgway _.A. dismissed Saunders dream as fantasyB. built up his body together with SaundersC. hired Saunders for his co
23、ld-water experienceD. won his fame for his voyage across the Atlantic11. What do we know about Saunders?A. He once worked at a school in Scotland.B. He followed Ridgway to explore the North Pole.C. He was chosen for the school sports team as a kid.D. He was the first Briton to ski alone to the North
24、 Pole.12. The underlined word “Intrigued” in the third paragraph probably means_.A. Excited B. Convinced C. Delighted D. Fascinated13. It can be inferred tat Saunders journey to the North Pole _.A. was accompanied by his old playmatesB. set a record in the North Pole expeditionC. was supported by ot
25、her Arctic explorersD. made him well-known in the 1960s答案与解析1.A 本题考查根据文章细节进行推理判断的能力。由第一段第三句 “Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in 1506”,可知，这个岛屿名字是以岛屿发现者的名字来命名的。故A为最佳答案。2.C 本题考查理解文章细节信息的能力。由第二段尤其是第三段第二句 “They had no connection with .giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,
26、000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous. ”可知, Easter Island （复活节岛）是智利在南太平洋上的一个小岛。故C为最佳答案。3.D 本题考查根据文章细节进行推理判断的能力。由最后一段 “On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory.”中的
27、On Easter Sunday; gave the island its name ; the Chilean territory可以推断Easter Island(复活岛)属于Chile (智利)。故D为最佳答案。4.A 本题考查根据上下文猜测特定词语含义的能力。由本段下文 “Surrounding it were green floating gardens. The Spaniards said it was as beautiful as a dream”.可知A为最佳答案。thriving 繁荣的。 5.B 本题考查根据文章相关信息进行正误判断的能力。通读全文可知，由于大肆乱砍乱伐
28、，原来一个美丽的城市变成了干燥的平原，由此可推知保持自然的平衡很重要，A项错误；从故事的结局可知森林一去不复返，所以C错误；D项属事实错误，只有B项符合题意。6.D本题考查理解文章细节信息的能力。根据最后一段 “Instead, rainfall poured off the mountainsides the city from floods, later rulers made a cut through the mountains so that the water drained away into another valley.” 可知D为最佳答案。7.C本题考查理解文章主旨要义的能
29、力。由文章第一段和文章结尾的一句话 “Mexico City, once an island, had become a city of a dry plain.”可知C为最佳答案。8.D本题考查根据文章内容判断作者写作意图能力。本文主要讲述了Mexico City原来一个美丽的城市,而现在却变成了干燥的平原，让人们意识到保护自然平衡的重要性。9.B本题考查理解细节信息的能力。由第二段第一句话 “It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him.”可知正确答案为B。10.D本题考查根据文章有关细节
30、进行推理判断的能力。由第三段第一句话 “The following year, he met John Ridgway, who became famous in the 1960s for rowing an open boat across the Atlantic Ocean.”可知正确答案为D。 11.A本题考查理解细节信息的能力。由第三段第二句话 “Saunders was hired as an instructor at Ridgways school of Adventure in Scotland,”可知正确答案为A。12.D本题考查根据上下文信息猜测词语含义的能力。由第三段划线部分上下句知道，Ridgway的事迹引起Saunders的兴趣，由此知道intrigued表示“入迷的；痴迷的”。13.B本题考查根据文章有关细节进行推理判断的能力。由倒数第二段第一句话 “Saunders has since become the youngest person to ski alone to the North Pole, and hes skied more of the Arctic by himself than any other Briton.”知道Saunders是到达北极最年轻的滑雪选手。故正确答案为B。本资料由七彩教育网 提供！