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1、应试策略与技巧-阅读理解 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望Surefire Strategies for Reading Comprehension 一证一证 一排一排 一综合一综合中心句中心句 讲逻辑讲逻辑 看语气看语气 Follow these points to score high.一证一证 一排一排 一综合一综合中心句中心句 讲逻辑讲逻辑 看语气看语气阅读理解应试阅读理解应试9 9技巧技巧一一:应该先看第一题，后阅读！应该先看第一题，后阅读
2、！先读文章后面第一题，然后带着问题，在先读文章后面第一题，然后带着问题，在文章里找答案。如果是中心思想题要跳过。文章里找答案。如果是中心思想题要跳过。Manypeopletellyoutoreadthroughthetextand/orquestionsbeforetheexercisebegins.Pleasedontdothat!Readingthefirstquestionwillhelpprepareyou.Thispointisveryimportant!证证:找证据找证据 逐个问题和选项按顺序在文章里逐个问题和选项按顺序在文章里快搜快搜关键词关键词找到证据，根据找到的句找到证据，根
3、据找到的句子判断正误。子判断正误。Justfindit.RightThereQuestions:Theanswertothequestionisrightthereinthepassage.Godirectlytothepassagetofindit.ThinkandSearchQuestions:Lookinmorethanoneplacetofindtheanswer.skiskimskim(trough/over)thearticleto滑过滑过skipskip(over)thesecondpassageto跳过跳过scanscanthelistformyname扫描扫描scan(thr
4、ough)thenewspaper快搜快搜一：读生词的第一个字母一：读生词的第一个字母 重要的、难记的、长的生词重要的、难记的、长的生词 记它第一个字母，避免其干扰。记它第一个字母，避免其干扰。排：排除法排：排除法 根据找到的证据排除一些选项，根据找到的证据排除一些选项，剩下的是正确答案。剩下的是正确答案。一：一：不可漏掉一个证据不可漏掉一个证据整篇文章证据找全，选项看完，整篇文章证据找全，选项看完，不可漏一个。句句理解透彻。不可漏一个。句句理解透彻。综合：综合概括综合：综合概括如果几个具体选项都对，就都不选，如果几个具体选项都对，就都不选，反而选综合、全面概括的那个。反而选综合、全面概括的那
5、个。看完所有选项！看完所有选项！69Whatisthetextmainlyabout?ALearningtopaintinlaterlife.BHowtopaintwatercolors.CAnartist-turnedteacher.DLifeafterretirement.(06全国卷全国卷)一综合一综合ThinkandSearchQuestions:Lookinmorethanoneplacetofindtheanswer.AuthorandYouQuestions:Stopandthinkaboutwhatthepassagesaysandwhatyoualreadyknowbefor
6、eyouanswer.(09(09 全国卷全国卷II)II)49.TheMangroveRivulusisatypeoffishthat_.A.likeseatingnutsB.preferslivingindryplacesC.isthelongestlivingfishonearthD.canstayalivefortwomonthsoutofwaterCGUATEMALACITY（Reuters）-Afishthatlivesinmangroveswamps（红树沼泽）（红树沼泽）acrosstheAmericascanliveoutofwaterformonthsatatime,sim
7、ilartohowanimalsadapted（适应）（适应）tolandmillionsofyearsago,anewstudyshows.TheMangroveRivulus,atypeofsmallkillifish,livesinsmallpoolsofwaterinacertaintypeofemptynutorevenoldbeercansinthemangroveswampsofBelize,theUnitedStatesandBrazil.Whentheirlivingplacedriesup,theyliveonthelandinlogs（圆木）（圆木）,saidScottT
8、aylor,aresearcherattheBrevardEndangeredLandsPrograminFlorida.Thefish,whosescientificnameisRivulusmarmoratus,cangrowaslargeasthreeinches.Theygrouptogetherinlogsandbreatheairthroughtheirskinuntiltheycanfindwateragain.ThenewscientificdiscoverycameafteratriptoBelize.“Wekickedoveralogandthefishjustcamecr
9、owdingout,”TaylortoldReutersinneighboringGuatemalabytelephone.HesaidhewillmakehisstudyonthefishknowntothepublicinanAmericanmagazineearlynextyear.Inlabtests,Taylorsaidhefoundthefishcanliveupto66daysoutofwaterwithouteating.Someotherfishcanliveoutofwaterforashortperiodoftime.ThewalkingcatfishfoundinSou
10、theastAsiacanstayonlandforhoursatatime,whilelungfishfoundinAustralia,AfricaandSouthAmericacanliveoutofwater,butonlyinaninactivestate.ButnootherknownfishcanbeoutofwateraslongastheMangroveRivulusandremainactive,accordingtoPatriciaWright,abiologistatCanadasUniversityofGuelph.Furtherstudiesofthefishmayt
11、ellhowanimalschangedovertime.“Theseanimalsliveinconditionssimilartothosethatexistedmillionsofyearsago,whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransition（过渡）（过渡）fromwaterontoland,”Wrightsaid.50.WhowillwriteupareportonmangroveRivulus?A.PatriciaWright.B.ResearchersinGuatemala.C.ScientistsfromBelize.D.ScottTaylor.51.A
12、ccordingtothetext,lungfishcan_.A.breathethroughitsskinB.movefreelyondrylandC.remainaliveoutofwaterD.beasactiveonlandasinwater52.WhatcanwesayaboutthediscoveryofMangroveRivulus?A.Itwasmadequitebyaccident.B.Itwasbasedonalabtestofsealife.C.ItwassupportedbyanAmericanmagazine.D.ItwashelpedbyPatriciaWright
13、.MangroveRivulus.TextStructure中心句中心句 讲逻辑讲逻辑 看语气看语气53.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNew England Courant?A.Itismainlyaboutthestockmarket.B.ItmarksthebeginningoftheAmericannewspaper.C.ItremainsasuccessfulnewspaperinAmerica.D.Itcarriesarticlesbypoliticalleaders.(09全国卷全国卷II)DTheAmericannewspaperhasbeenaroundfora
14、boutthreehundredyears.In1721,theprinterJamesFranklin,Benjaminsolderbrother,startedthe New England Courant,andthatwaswhatwemightrecognizetodayasarealnewspaper.Hefilledhispaperwithstoriesofadventure,articlesonart,onfamouspeople,andonallsortsofpoliticalsubjects.54.Whatcanweinferaboutthenewspapereditors
15、?A.Theyoftenacceptreaderssuggestions.B.Theycarealotabouteachothershealth.C.Theystopdoingbusinesswithadvertisers.D.Theyfacegreatdifficultiesintheirbusiness.ThreecenturiesaftertheappearanceofFranklinsCourant,fewbelievethatnewspapersintheirpresentprintedformwillremainaliveforlong.Newspapercompaniesarel
16、osingadvertisers广告商，广告商，readers,marketvalue,andinsomecases,theirsenseofpurposeataspeedthatwouldnothavebeenimaginablejustseveralyearsago.-Thechiefeditor(主编主编)oftheTimessaidrecently,“Atplaceswheretheygather,editorsaskoneanother,Howareyou?,asiftheyhavejustcomeoutofthehospitaloralostlawcase.”Anarticleab
17、outthenewspaperappearedonthewebsiteoftheGuandian,undertheheadline“NOTDEADYET.”55.Whichofthefollowingfoundanewwayforitsdevelopment?A.TheWashingtonPost.B.TheGuardian.C.TheNewYorkTimes.D.NewEnglandCourant.Perhapsnot,buttheriseoftheInternet,whichhasmadethedailynewspaperlookslowandoutofstepwiththeworld,h
18、asbroughtaboutarealsenseofdeath.SomeAmericannewspapershavelost42%oftheirmarketvalueinthepastthreeyears.-TheNewYorkTimesCompanyhasseenitsstock(股票股票)dropby54%sincetheendof2004,withmuchofthelosscominginthepastyear.AmanageratDeutscheBanksuggestedthatstock-holderssellofftheirTimesstock.TheWashingtonPostC
19、ompanyhaspreventedthetroubleonlybychangingpartofitsbusinesstoeducation;itstestingandtest-preparationservicenowbringsinatleasthalfthecompanysincome.55.Whichofthefollowingfoundanewwayforitsdevelopment?A.TheWashingtonPost.B.TheGuardian.C.TheNewYorkTimes.D.NewEnglandCourant.56.Howdoestheauthorseemtofeel
20、aboutthefutureofnewspapers?A.Satisfied.B.Hopeful.C.Worried.D.Surprised.阅读要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及阅读要求考生读懂公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：考生应能：（1 1）理解主旨和要义；）理解主旨和要义；（2 2）理解文中具体信息；）理解文中具体信息；（3 3）根据上下文推断生词的词义；）根据上下文推断生词的词义；（4 4）作出简单判断和推理；）作出简单判断和推理；（5 5）理解文章的基本结构；）理解文章的基本结构；（6 6）理解作者的意图、
21、观点和态度。）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。-determiningmainidea-differentiatingbetweenfactandopinion-understandingauthorsopinion-usingastoryweb-sequencingevents-choosingbesttitleReading Comprehension:-comparingandcontrasting-makinginferences-makingpredictions-recognizingextraneousinformation-extendingmeaning-definingvoca
22、bularywithincontext-identifyingpertinentdetails-identifyingreadingstrategies-identifyingconnections-understandingcharacters-identifyingsetting-understandingplot-generalizingthroughanalogies归纳-interpretingfiguresofspeech-drawingconclusions一证一证 一排一排 一综合一综合中心句中心句 讲逻辑讲逻辑 看语气看语气阅读理解应试阅读理解应试9 9技巧技巧64.What
23、doesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.Furniture.(09Beijing)HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelingsArchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(经验的，实证的经验的，实证的)basis.Theyare
24、discoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007,JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroomsceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceil
25、ingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreely,whichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilings,ontheotherhand,mayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.65.Thepassagetellsusthat_.A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeoplesfeelingsB.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudentscreativityC.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirg
26、radesDstudentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxedInadditionstoceilingheight,theviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupantsabilitytoconcentrate.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgai
27、nsonastandardtestofattention.Usingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademically,anditseemsto,accordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTanner,headoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgia.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindo
28、whadhigherscoresontestsofvocabulary,languageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim(暗淡的暗淡的)lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerally,keepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.Researc
29、hersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudies,sowerealmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw(吸管吸管),architectDavidAllisonsays.Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandma
30、kebroad,generalizeduseofthem?Thatswhatwereallstrugglingwith.66.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat_.A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystepB.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselvesC.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetectDresearchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatte
31、rns67.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?C 1.Trytosupplyyourownanswerbeforechoosinganalternativelistedonthetest.2.Markananswerforeveryquestion.Tips:3.Ifyouhavetoguess:Thelengthofchoicescanbeaclue.Choosethelongest.Iftwochoicesaresimilar,chooseneither.Iftwochoicesareopposites,chooseoneofthem.Themostgeneralalternativeisusuallytherightanswer.Easiersaidthandone!StrategiesSkillsPractice!Surefire Strategies for Reading Comprehension 一证一证 一排一排 一综合一综合中心句中心句 讲逻辑讲逻辑 看语气看语气 Follow these points to score high.