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1、世纪商务英语阅读第四版基础篇Unit5 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望Unit Five Human ResourcesM大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Human Resources Management Human Resources Management(HRM)performs a large number of tasks in order to make the organization run
2、smoothly.Training of employees and a fair compensation plan play two important roles.Without them,employees will become unsatisfied and leave the company.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Human Resources Management Undoubtedly,recruitment of employees directly influences the efficiency of an organization.So,during
3、the recruiting process,preparations for interview questions and a formal interview should be done seriously.In addition to HR content,you are going to learn more about skimming in this unit.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Human Resources ManagementReading Skill FocusWords and ExpressionsPractical ReadingComprehen
4、sive Reading大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusSkimming(2)Since you have known the difference between“scanning”and“skimming”as well as the general idea of“skimming”,you need to sharpen your skills!Remember:1.Read only the first and the last paragraphs.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Generall
5、y,a writers opinion or attitude will be presented in the first paragraph,andemphasized again or just restated in the last paragraph.Sometimes the writer may draw aconclusion in the last paragraph.By reading the first paragraph,or sometimes both the first and the last paragraphs,you may become very c
6、lear about what is focused on in the writing.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus2.Read only the first sentence of each paragraph.When reading business reports or articles,you may need just to know a brief idea about them,and sometimes you just dont have to read the literature completely.Then readi
7、ng the first sentence of each paragraph will be helpful enough for you to grip quite well the main idea,for the first sentence of each paragraph could convey a lot of important information about the subject.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus 3.Search for some key words and phrases.Some special wo
8、rds may be very sensitive to people in some cases.Under such circumstances,skimming some words or phrases becomes very practical.When skimming,your eyes begin to slide down a column of words,names or figures;you are vaguely aware of other words;you react positively only when the right one comes alon
9、g.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusAGuided PracticeSample 1 Read the following passage quickly and choose the best answer for the question that follow.The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects.Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quali
10、ty or high price because of an advertisement.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading.A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters(节食者)with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice.It turned out that the bread was not dieteti
11、c（特定饮食的,营养的），but just regular bread.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus On the positive side，emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concerns.Consider fire insurance.Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss.But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance.大连理工大学出版社大连
12、理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people.If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads，they will benefit from the advertising.大连
13、理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation.Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it?Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers，but it does not force them to buy the product.Consumers still control the final buying decisio
14、n.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusThe passage is mainly about_.A.ways to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumersC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting sales阅读每一段的第一句，通过归纳总结，可以得出选项C是正确答案。大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出
15、版社Reading Skill FocusSample 2 Read the following paragraphs quickly and choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs 1-4.Therere more headings than you will need.List of Headings1.Enjoying Music2.Student Activities3.Entertainment4.Sport大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusParagraph 1 Most studen
16、ts become involved in activities organized by the Unions societies and committees.Over 140 groups provide for academic,national,religious,political and other recreational interests.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Every fortnight,for example,students produce Steel Press,which is one of the coun
17、trys leading student newspapers,the Arts Council organizes regular exhibitions in the Unions Gallery,and the Theatre Company stages several productions each year in the Drama Studio,which is recognized as one of the best-equipped university theatres.划线部分是主题句，由此可以判断这段的主题是2.Student Activities。大连理工大学出版
18、社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus There are almost 60 Union sports clubs,providing a wide range of sporting opportunities.In addition to the traditional sports,there is a chance to take up activities such as hang-gliding,korfball or snowboarding.The clubs offer opportunities for competitive sport at the
19、 highest level,as well as participation for the fun of it.Paragraph 2 划线部分是主题句，由此可以判断本段的主题是sports clubs 和sporting opportunities，由此可以判断这段的主题是4.Sport大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusParagraph 3 The Union has established the Octagon Centre as a major venue on the national circuitfor the very best i
20、n live music.A varied program offers the latest bands，together with jazz，rock and comedy.A range of other venues includes“The Foundry”，a popular nightclub，and rooms for private parties.The Union also has its own cinema，which screens four films each week.划线部分是本段的关键词,由此可以判断本段的主题是3.Entertainment大连理工大学出
21、版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusB.Challenge YourselfChallenge 1 Read the following passage quickly and choose the best answer for the questions that follow.It is,as everyone agrees,a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak,and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time cha
22、llenges explanation.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusLanguage learning begins with listening.Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking,and late starters are often long listeners.Most children will“obey”spoken instructions some time before they
23、 can speak,though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak,many children will ask questions by gesture and bymaking questioning noises.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus Any attempt to trace the devel
24、opment from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.It is agreed that they enjoy making noises,and during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight,distress,sociability,and so on.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Re
25、ading Skill Focus But since these can not be said to show the babys intention to communicate,they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It is agreed,too,that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment,and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repert
26、oire(能发出的全部声音).大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus This self-imitation leads on to deliberate(有意识的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people.The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Readi
27、ng Skill Focus1.The authors purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children _.A.usually obey without asking questionsB.are passive in the process of learning to speakC.are born cooperativeD.learn to speak by listening()D大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus2.The third paragraph is m
28、ainly about _.A.the development of babiesearly forms of languageB.the difficulties of babies in learning to speakC.babiesstrong desire to communicateD.babiesintention to communicate()A大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus3.The best title for this passage would be _.A.How Babies Learn to SpeakB.Early
29、 Forms of LanguageC.A Huge Task for ChildrenD.Noise Making and Language Learning()A大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusChallenge 2 Read the following paragraphs quickly and choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs 1-4 from the following list of headings.There are more headings than you will
30、 need.List of Headings1.Female Students2.Advice and Support3.Community Involvement4.Representation5.Meeting Every Need 6.Services and Facilities大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusParagraph 1 The Unions services include a range of bars and food outlets,including a continentalcafe bar,as well as two
31、 local pubs.There is a shop,travel agency,printing service andlaunderette.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus All these services offer good value and quality as well as generating funds to support other student activities.The Union Building also houses banks and other retailservices,together with
32、rooms to meet,study and relax.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusParagraph 2 Representatives appointed by the Union sit on most of the main University committeesto put forward student views.There are also hundreds of students elected to serve ondepartmental and faculty committees,who receive suppo
33、rt and training from the Union.Student views are also represented to local organizations,and nationally through the National Union of Students.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill FocusParagraph 3 A team of experienced staff in the Unions Student Advice Centre handles more than20,000 enquiries each year
34、on grants,housing and other welfare matters.Specialist advisers deal with the problems of international,postgraduates and mature students.Information is published on a wide range of issues,and a student-run information and listening service isprovided throughout the night.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading S
35、kill FocusParagraph 4 The Union encourages students to play a full part in the life of the city.Many areinvolved in Student Community Action,which organizes projects with children,people withdisabilities,the elderly,the homeless and other groups.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Reading Skill Focus The Conversation
36、 Volunteers organize a range of activities in the city and the Peak District,and the Charities Appeal raises money for local and national charities through a variety of events.大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingText AWhat Does the HR Department Do?Suggested Reading Time:8.5 min.1.The Human Resou
37、rces Department does a variety of jobs.Some of them are important while others are essential.The following tasks are those carried out on routine.on routine常规性地，惯例地译文译文人力资源部履行多种职能，其中一些很重要，另一些则必不可少。下面列出的就是部分常规性的工作 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingTraining and Development 2.In a knowledge-based
38、organization,all staff must obtain new skills and knowledge to meet the changing requirements of their present jobs or for career development purposes.译文译文对于一个不断更新知识以谋求发展的企业，所有员工都必须获得新的技能和知识以适应目前不断变化的工作要求或达到自身事业发展的目的 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading An organization has to invest in proper tra
39、ining for its staff in order to keep pace with the development of technology and knowledge needed.The staff can accomplish the organizations tasks and goals well at their best.accomplish 完成译文译文因此，为了与所需的技术和知识的发展保持同步，企业必须出资对其员工进行适当的培训，从而使员工具备最佳工作状态，圆满完成企业的任务和目标 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading
40、3.Training is one element of a comprehensive personnel management system Adequate investment in training to maintain and improve its human capital is a key strategic goal of the organization.译文译文培训是完整的人事管理系统的一个组成部分。在培训方面投入足够的资金，维持和提高人力资本，是企业的一个重要战略目标 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingPlanning F
41、inancial Compensation 4.A fair compensation plan for employees is important.Wages and salaries stand for a considerable part of an organizations expenses.If they are priced excessively,the cost of an organizations products may become too high to be competitive in the market.译文译文给员工公平的报酬是至关重要的。周薪和月薪在
42、企业的支出中占有相当的分量。假如给员工开价过高，企业产品的成本就会过高而在市场中失去竞争力 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading Nevertheless,inadequate financial compensation may influence employees attitude to work.Without fair payment,employees will become unsatisfied and may leave the organization.译文译文然而，报酬不足又会影响到员工对工作的态度。没有公平的报酬，员工就会感到不
43、满，就有可能离开企业 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading 5.A compensation plan deals with evaluating the relevant value of all jobs within the organization.Meanwhile,employeesefforts should also be put into consideration.译文译文报酬方案涉及对企业内部所有工作的相关价值进行评估，同时，还要考虑员工的努力程度 relevant 有关的,相应的大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Compreh
44、ensive Reading Compensation for a specific job is typicallydetermined through a wage/salary study.It is concerned with job evaluations,rates paid by competitors,cost of living,law and the organizations ability to pay.译文译文某一个特定工作的报酬要通过专门的周薪/月薪研究才能决定。它涉及工作评价、竞争者支付的为了与所需的技术和知识的发展保持同步，企业出资对其员工进行适当的培训、生活
45、成本、相关法律以及企业的支付能力。特定工作范畴内员工的报酬取决于工作的报酬和员工的生产力 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingPromoting and Transferring 6.A promotion is a rise,or vertical movement within an organization to a position with more power,responsibility,and salary.In some companies,senioritythe length of time a person has been w
46、ith the companyis the focus in determining who should be promoted.promotion 提拔.晋升译文译文晋升即为上升，是在企业内部转向一个权力更大、责任更大、薪水更高的职位的垂直移动。在一些公司里，资历员工在公司的年限往往成为决定谁将被提升的关键因素 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading Most managers prefer to base promotion on advantages.They base promotion onseniority only when they h
47、ave employees with equal qualifications.However,good performance at one job gets no guarantee of good performance at another.译文译文大多数经理偏爱根据优势来决定晋升。他们只有在（两名）员工具备相同资质的情况下，才按照资历（来决定谁）晋升。然而，在某一个工作岗位有好的表现不能保证在另一个工作岗位也会有好的表现 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading An employee who is skillful at mechanics m
48、ay be unskillful at communication and management as a supervisor.If this employee is promoted，the organization would lose a good mechanic and get a lower-level supervisor.In such a case，the employees rewards should be in some form other than a promotion.译文译文一位精通机械的员工，也许作为管理人员，却在交际和管理方面一窍不通。假如提拔了这位员工
49、，那么，企业就失去了一名好的机械师而得到一位低水平的管理员。在这种情况下，应该通过其他形式奖励该员工而不应该提拔他 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive Reading 7.A transfer is a horizontal move from one job to another within a company.Transfers allow workers to obtain new skills or to find a newposition within an organization when their old position has been r
50、emoved because of automation，decreased sales or some other factors.译文译文调动是公司内部从一个工种转向另一个工种的水平移动。被调动的员工基本上还是保留在原有的工资和工作水平之上。当企业中老的职位由于自动化、销售下降或其他一些因素而被取消时，调动使员工可以获得新的技能或找到新的岗位 大连理工大学出版社大连理工大学出版社Comprehensive ReadingPracticing Profit Sharing 8.Profit sharing deals with distributing a percentage of com