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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 动词时态及语态语法学习表时态意义标志词语构成公式被动语态一般现在时常常性、习惯性often, always, 主语 +V 原形（主主 语 +is /am/are+V的动作,存在的语是第三人称单过分usually, 状态,或客观真sometimes, 数时, V 加 s 或理es）once a week, every day 现在进行时现在正在发生now,Look., 主语主语现在完成时的动作Listen. , at this +am/is/are+V-ing +am/is/are+being+Vmoment 过分过去的动作对主 语+have/h
2、as 主语+have/has already , 现在有影响或+V 过分+been+V 过分yet ,since, so far 过去的动作一直连续到现在一般过去时过去发生的动yesterday , last 主语 +V 过去式主语 +was/were +V作过分week, ago, in 1998, just now 过去进行时过去时间内正at this time 主语主语发生的动作或+was/were+V-ing +was/were+being+Vyesterday, just 存在的状态then, at 6:00 last 过分Sunday, when+ 一般过去时过去完成时过去已完成的
3、by the end of +主 语 +had+V过主 语 +had+been+V动作分过分过去的时间, by the time + 一般 过去时一般将来时将要发生的动tomorrow, next 主 语 +am/is/are 主语 +will be+V 过过去将来时作或将来的状week, in the going to +V原分态future, in two 形 , 或 主 语days, in 2100 +will+V原形主 语 +would+be+V过去时间内将常 用 于 主 句 是主语要发生的动作一 般 过 去 时 的+was/were+going 过分或存在的状态宾语从句to+V 原形
4、, 或主语+would +V 原形现在完成进行过去的动作一“since+时间点主语+have 时直连续到现在/ 从 句 / 时 间 点/has+been+V-ing ago” 或“ for+ 时 间段”名师归纳总结 含情态动词can/may/must 等can/may/must 等+be 第 1 页,共 8 页+V 原形+V 过分- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 考点精讲考点 1 一般现在时有哪些特别用法？（1） 表示此时此刻正在发生的动作或存在的状态；Whats the time now. 现在几点了？Now, look, I open the wi
5、ndow. 你瞧,我现在在开窗；（2） 在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中（主句为一般将来时）；I ll call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing tomorrow.明天一到北京,我就给你打电话；（3） 在主句为过去时态的复合句中,假如宾语从句陈述的是客观真理,从句用一般现在时；The teacher said Maria is a girl. 老师说玛利亚是个女孩；（4） 表示书、信、报纸、通知、广播、告示牌等的内容用一般现在时；专练It says, Closed” .上面写着,“ 停止营业”；用所给动词的适当形式填空1、 Three plus two_
6、（be）five. 2、 There_（go） the bell. 3、 Light_ （travel ）faster than sound. 4、Here she _（come）. 5、 Tell him about that when he_come. 6、 If you_ （ask）her tomorrow, she will help you. 7、 My father told me that the earth_ （go）around the sun. 8、 The notice _ （say）“No Smoking. ”. used,也可借助于考点 2 如何使用 used to.
7、 ,其疑问句和否定句可直接使用used to 后加动词原形表示“ 过去常常”did；I used to be afraid of dark .我过去常怕黑；He usedn t to ride to school. 他过去不常骑车去上学；He used to smoke, didn t he.他过去常抽烟,是吗？留意： be used to doing 意为“ 习惯做某事”专练 按要求变化下面的句型, be used to do 意为“ 被用来 ”,不要混淆；1、I used to walk after dinner. 改为一般疑问句并作确定回答 _ 2、She used to play ne
8、ar the river.改为否定句 _ 3、 The children didn t use to come here early,_？补全反意疑问句 4、 Most people used to be late,_ ？（补全反意疑问句）5、 Li Ying used to play with her dog. 就画线部分提问 _ 考点 3 一般将来时有哪些形式？（ 1）“ be going to+动词原形” 表示方案或准备在最近要做的事；I m going to take you to the park. 我准备带你去公园；（ 2）“ will/shall+ 动词原形” 是单纯的将来时,常
9、与表示将来的时间状语连用；He will come back next week. 他下周回来；（ 3）“ be+动词不定式” 结构,表示按方案要发生的事,或用来征求对方看法；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - We are to meet outside the park. 我们商定在公园外面见；Am I to go on with the work. 这工作我是不是接着干下去？（ 4）“ be about+动词不定式” 结构,表示即将做某事,一般不用时间状语；It is about to rain. 天要下雨了；（
10、5） 现在进行时可用于表示立刻要发生的动作,多用于瞬时动词（start,begin,die 等）；I m leaving for Shanghai. 我要去上海了；考点 4 always, forever 能用于进行时吗？always, forever 等副词用于进行时,常表示赞扬、厌烦等思想感情；He was always trying out new ideas. 他总是产生稀奇奇怪的想法；考点 5 哪些动词没有进行时？表示感觉、 情感、状态、看法、意愿的动词一般没有进行时,这类动词有： hear, see, smell, look, seem, think, like, want, ho
11、pe, belong, cost, weigh, prefer, remain, have, own, believe 等；They want to sing an English song now. 他们现在想唱首英语歌；专练 改正下面每个句子中的错误1、 I m hearing a strange noise now. 2、 Now you are looking beautiful. 3、 The clothes were costing me too much at that time. 4、 Look. The boy is having two knives. 考点 6 现在完成时
12、和一般过去时有什么区分？二者表示的动作都在过去发生；现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响和结果,不能与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时只表示过去的事实,与现在没有关系；Have you done your homework. 你做作业了吗？Yes, I have.做了；When did you do it. 什么时候做的？Last night. 昨天晚上；考点 7 have been to, have been in 和 have gone to 有何区分？have been in 表示“ 在某地 ” ；have been to 表示“ 去过” 某地,常与 ever, never , bef
13、ore, once ,twice 等连用； have gone to 表示“ 去了” 某地,人可能在途中或已到达那里；Have you ever been to Beijing. 你去过北京吗？Yes, I ve been there twice.是的,我去过那里两次；Mr.Green has been in this city for ten years. 格林先生在这个城市已经住了十年了；My parents have gone to the park. 我父母去公园了；专练 用 havehas gone to, have hasbeen to, havehas been in 填空1、
14、Tim_out. He ll be back in an hour. 2、 Jim_this city for two years. 3、 _you ever_Jinan. It has some famous springs. 4、 How long_your sister_the factory. About three years. 5、 I have some Australian friends because I_there several times. 6、 Why can t we see Mr.Cook. He s on holiday. He_ China for a vi
15、sit. 考点 8 现在完成时的句子,谓语何时用瞬时动词,何时用连续动词？如表示连续性的动作,常与表示一段时间的状语如these days, in the past few years, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - during the last three months, for two years, so far, up to now, till now, recently 等连用；The old man has been away from home for twenty years. 那老人离开家已十年
16、了；留意：瞬时动词不能与连续性的完成时连用,必需改为连续动词,记住下面的瞬时动词与连续动词的换用：1、 动词变动词：buyhave, borrow keep 2、 变为“ be+adj./adv.”：beginbe on, close/openbe closed/open, diebe dead, finishbe over, get upbe up, marry be married, go be off, come be here, returnbe back, arrive be here 3、 变为“be+介词短语” ：come/go be in/at, join be in 或“be
17、+成员”,put onwear或 be in I came to this school ten years ago. = I have been in this school for ten years. = Ten years has passed since I came to this school. = It is ten years since I came to this school. 专练 A）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1、I _ （buy）this bicycle for five years. 2、You can _（ borrow ）it for two days. 3
18、、The film_ （ begin）for five minutes. 4、How long _ you _ （go） this school. 5、My brother _ join the army since 1999. 6、I _ （put on）the shoes since three years ago. 7、The old man_ （die） since 2000. B 将下面的句子变为同义句 8、 They got married two years ago. It _since they got married. 9、We came to this school thr
19、ee years ago. We_ this school _three years. 10、 I have been up for two hours. Two hours _I got up. 考点 9 如何将主动语态变为被动语态？主动句变为被动句的方法是：一看动词,二换主语,三变谓语；（1）主动句有双宾语,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,但如将直接宾语用作主语,后面要 使用 to 或 for 引出间接宾语；He gave me a book yesterday. I was given a book yesterday./A book was given to me yesterday. 2
20、动词短语是一个不行分的整体,变化时不能丢掉介词或副词；You should speak to me politely. I should be spoken to politely.to 不行少 （2）主动句的主语如是地点名词,变化时不要遗忘加介词；Shandong produces salt. Salt is produced in Shandong. 4 带宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时,宾补在原位置不动；I saw a man playing basketball there. A man was seen playing basketball there. 5 在主动句中某些动词后的不
21、定式可省略to,但在被动句中to 要补出；Our parents make us study hard. We are made to study hard. 专练 将下面句子的主动语态变为被动语态,被动语态变为主动语态1、 The students clean the room every day. 2、 She gave me twenty yuan last week. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3、 A present was bought for me by my sister. 4、 The gi
22、rl has taken care of the blind men for five years. 5、 Mary must keep her room clean. 6、 The children were being looked after by Ann. 7、 Hangzhou produces silk. 8、 You can t see the stars in the daytime. 考点 10 哪些动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义？（1）系动词,如 look, feel, taste, smell 等；The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美；
23、（2）sell, feel, write, drive, open 等词作不及物动词,其主语为物时；This kind of clothes sells well. 这种衣服卖得很好；（3）在 be worth doing sth. 中的 doing ；The basketball match is well worth watching. 这场篮球赛很值得看；（4）在 need ,want, require 等表示“ 需要” 的动词后接V-ing 形式表示被动意义,相当于to be done；My kite wants mending. 我的风筝需修理；专练 用所给动词的适当形式填空；1、
24、The fur of the cat_ （feel） very warm. 2、 The apples_（taste） good. 3、 This kind of food_ （smell） hot. 4、 The latest model cars _ （sell）well. 5、 The ball-pen_ （write ）smoothly. 6、 Your coat _ （not wash）easily. 7、 The book is worth_ （read）. 8、 Your hair wants _ （cut）. 考点 11 被动语态有哪些习惯用法？It is said that
25、据说 It is well known that 众所周知 It is reported that 据报道 It is believed that 大家信任 It is said that it will rain tomorrow. 据说明天要下雨；专练 依据汉语提示,用适当的词填空,完成下面的句子1、_ （据说） we will have an English exam tomorrow. 2、_ 众所周知 most families have one bike at least. 3、_ 大家信任 our government will solve this problem. 考点 12
26、 如何判定时态？遇到时态判定题可按以下步骤判定：一找标志（词） ,二想公式,三写变化；第一找出时态标志词,如：He_（not talk ）now.其标志词是now；再依据标志词确定用哪些时态,想想其公式；如 am/is/are+V-ing ；now 是现在进行时的标志,公式是留意：看句式是疑问句仍是否定句,写出变化形式；如上题是否定句,故填 isn t talking ；专练 用所给动词的正确时态填空名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1、Look. The children_ （play） in the playgr
27、ound. I know that they _ （have）a sports meeting next week. 2、 The students_ （ talk ） loudly when the teacher came in. The teacher_（be）very angry. 3、My father said he_ （not give ）any presents for my next birthday. 4、We_（learn）2000 English words by the end of last term. 综合训练一.选用方框里的动词,用其适当形式填空；give,br
28、ing,go,speak,rain,turn off,make,sleep,play,build 1.Tom many friends since he came here. 2.She swimming tomorrow afternoon. 3.Jim is always busy.He only six hours every night. 4.Chinese in many countries today. 5.Look.The students football on the playground. 6.The bridge by the farmers themselves in
29、1950. 7.The headmaster us a talk yesterday. 8.Please the lights when you leave. 9.Mr.Smith asked me the book with me that afternoon. 10.Take the rain coat with you.It now. 二.单项挑选1.-What a nice bike.How long you it.-Just two weeks. A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had 2.-Hurry up.Were all wai
30、ting for you.-I for an important phone call.Go without me. A.wait B.was waiting C.am waiting D.waited 3.Great changes in the last three years. A.have taken place B.have been taken place C.have happened D.have been happened 4.Every morning the patients are asked if their temperature taken. A.they had
31、 had B.have they had C.they have had D.had they had 5.Half of the class most of the work,and some of the work really difficult. A.have done;is B.has done;are C.has done;is D.have done;are 6.-Theres too much salt in the Chinese diet. -So there is.The WHO says only 1.5 grams of salt for each man every
32、 day. A.is needed B.needs C.will need D.has needed 7.The students how to do the experiment in class yesterday. A.were taught B.better C.was taught D.teach 8.-Lots of trees and flowers on both sides of Huanshan Road last year.-Oh,thats beautiful. A.are planted B.were planting C.were planted D.have pl
33、anted 9.-The 2022 Asian Sports Meet players will do well. this November in Guangzhou. -Yes.I wish Chinese 名师归纳总结 A.will be held B.have been held C.was to be held D.would be held 第 6 页,共 8 页10.The skirt is made of silk.It so soft,I like it. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A.washes B.is washed C
34、.is felt D.feels 三.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.My brother likewatching TV very much. 2.She not walkin the park every day. 3.The teacher said the sun risein the east and setin the west. 4.As soon as she come,Ill phone you. 5.I gowith you to the cinema this afternoon if Im free. 6. you please helpme with my English
35、. 7.They enjoythemselves last Sunday. 8.-What you dothis time yesterday.-I listento the English programme 9.I havesupper when Tom came in. 10.She just hearfrom her friend. 11.I not seemy uncle since I left my hometown. 12.Emily said that she visither uncle next Sunday. 13.I teachChinese for three ye
36、ars before I came to this school. 14.If I beyou,I would not do such a silly thing. 15.They waitfor you for an hour in your office. 四.按要求变化下面的句型 1.My brother goes to school by bike. （变为一般疑问句）2.We are listening to the teacher now.（就划线部分提问）3.He bought a new pen for me yesterday.（变为否定句）4.Ann was watchin
37、g TV at that moment. （就划线部分提问）五.将下面的句子变成被动语态；1.The students clean the room every day. 2.She gave me a present. 3.The pupils asked the teacher to tell a story. 4.They showed me a map. 5.Shangdong grows cotton. 六.阅读下面短文,用文中括号内动词的适当形式填空；名师归纳总结 Everyone has his teachers.I 1 not forgetMiss Dong,my first
38、English teacher,all my 第 7 页,共 8 页life.She is the best teacher I 2 have so far.She is not tall,but she 3 havebig eyes.Her voice 4 soundbeautiful and she speaks English very well.That was my impression of her when we 5 befirst in her class.She 6 teachus carefully and always gave us chances 7 speakEng
39、lish.Whenever our role play 8 finish,she would speak highly of us.And we became very interested in 9 learnEnglish.One day - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - when we 10 playa game in her class,I fell down.She was very worried and sent me to hospital at once.She is not only a good teacher but also a kind mother.I wish my dear teacher happiness and good luck. 名师归纳总结 1.2. 3. 4. 5. 第 8 页,共 8 页6. 7. 8. 9. 10. - - - - - - -