《2022年高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读.docx（28页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考非谓语动词单项挑选题考点解读 笔者以考试考点进行编排,便于考生从中明白把握五年高考对非谓语动词考查的重 点,做好对这块学问点的复习迎考工作；动词不定式 考点一：不定式的时态和语态大多数情形下不定式以一般式形式显现,但在高考试题中往往会显现时态、语态的形式 ,如进行式、完成式、被动式等；1.- Is Bob still performing. - Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official（2005 江苏卷）A. to h
2、ave left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left 解析： be said to have done 的意思为 “据说已经做了某事”；动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前；类似学问点在20XX 年山东卷和2007 辽宁卷中再次考到： Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to_ last Friday. 20XX 年山东卷 since the flood hit the area A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be
3、 missing D. get lost 解析：明显 “ 失踪 ” 是在 “ 报道 ” 之前发生的,要用完成式；missing 强调状态, get lost短暂性动作不行跟表示一段时间的状语since the flood hit the area last Friday连用； The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. （2007 辽宁卷）A. breaking B. having broken C. t
4、o have broken D. break 2.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.（ 2004 福建卷）A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 解析： 动词不定式与 only 连用表示未曾预料的结果,to be told 的意思为 “ 被告之 ” ,用不定式的被动语态 .；相同学问点在 2005 广东卷和 20XX 年的全国 II 卷中又考到：He hurried to the station only _ that the tra
5、in had left. （2005 广东卷）名师归纳总结 A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find第 1 页,共 18 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载He hurried to the booking office only_that all the tickets had been sold out. 20XX年的全国 II 卷 A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 3. As the twentieth century came
6、 to a close ,the raw matenals for a great nstional literature were at hand,waiting_.2006 湖南卷 A.to use B.to be used C.to have used D.to be using 解析：主语为 the raw materials （原材料）,与动词 use 存在被动关系,应选 B；类似的学问点是考试的重之重；请看以下各题：It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness_.2006 江西
7、卷 A to make B to be made C making Dbeing made 解析： It takes some time for sth/sb to do sth.It 为形式主语代替后面的不定式；词组 make a connection between A and B ：由 A 联想到 B；本句中 辑主语,且存在规律上的被动关系；应选 B；the connection 是不定式的逻The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games_in Beijing in 2022. 2006 四川卷 A.hold B.holding C.hel
8、d D.to be held 解析：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种情形：the meeting to be held 即将召开的会议,the meeting held 已经召开的会议,the meeting being held 正在召开的会议；很明显 the 29th Olympic Games 仍没有召开,应选 D；It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals. （2006 浙江卷）A.seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see 解析：这是一个主语从句,it 做形式主语 wheth
9、er Jim ll be fit enough to play in the finals作真正的主语； remain 后接 to do sth 作表语； see与主语从句是被动关系,所以要用 to be seen作 remains 的表语；When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there 卷）for a space flight. （2007 江西A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained 解析：此题考查非谓语动词；依据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式表目的
10、,并且主语是名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载动作的承担者；The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.（ 2007 浙江卷）A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 解析：struggle 后通常接不定式构成 struggle to do , 仍要考虑被动式的问题；相当于：I had to try my best to mak
11、e myself heard. 考点二：不定式的功能不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式,它具出名词的特点,在句子中可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特点,在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特点,在句子中可以作状语；（一）不定式的形容词性功能1. The last one _ pays the meal. Agreed. （2007 全国卷 I）A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 解析：此题考查动词不定式做定语的用法；在 the first /the last 后接不定式做定语表示“ 第一个 /最终一个 的人或者事；2.The tea
12、cher asked us _so much noise. （2003 北京卷）A. don t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 解析：此题考查不定式的两个学问点；在动词ask 后面用不定式作宾语补足语,其否定形式是not to do；常见的这类动词仍有tell ,warn, order ,advise 等；3.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _clear warnings before firing any shots. 03 年上海
13、 A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued 解析：本句中不定式作主语补足语；order 后应接不定式,即 order sb to do sth ,因此 B被排除；又由于 issue clear warnings 的主语是 all the soldiers,也就是说 all the soldiers是 issue 的施动者,所以 issue 要用主动形式,D 也被排除；而且句子也没有强调动作对现在造成的影响,不必用完成时态；（二）不定式的副词性功能1.It was unbelievable that the fan
14、s waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.（2005 上海卷）A. had B. having C. to have D. have 解析：动词不定式充当目的状语；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2.Can the project be finished as planned. Sure, it completed in time, well work two more hours a d
15、ay. 2005 福建卷 A having got Bto get Cgetting D get 解析：动词不定式在这里既能表示动作是在将来完成,又能表示目的；3._ more about university courses, call 920746-3789. （2005 浙江卷）A To find out BFinding out CFind out DHaving found out 解析：不定式 to find out 表目的,后跟祈使句；如“ To relax yourself , come to our party ” 4. this cake, youll need 2 egg
16、s, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. 2006 广东卷 A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making 解析：动词不定式作目的状语；（三）不定式的名词性功能1.I don t want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the manager（2005 天 s plan is unfair.津卷）A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 解析：动词不定式作宾语,sound 是连系动词不用被动式,与谓语动词更没
17、有时间的先后,这里不能用它的完成式；2.There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. （2007 上海卷）A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade 解析：动词不定式作宾语,try to do sth 表示“ 尽力做某事”；句意：“ 想劝你留下来我再没什么可说的了,祝你好运；”考点三：不定式的省略不定式的省略我们可以看分作两种,一种是不定式符号 另一种就是对不定式符号“ to ”的省略；“ to ”后省略实义
18、动词的形式；The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_NMET2005 重庆卷 A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not 解析： tell sb. to do sth. 的意思是 “让某人做某事 ” ；在英语中, 为了防止重复, 常用省略形名师归纳总结 式,在这个句子中省略了do it；选项B 假如加上 it ,也可以选B；第 4 页,共 18 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载
19、考点四：不定式的否定形式The teacher asked us _so much noise.（2003 北京卷）A. don t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 解析： 此题考查不定式的两个学问点；在动词ask 后面用不定式作宾语补足语,其否定形式是 not to do；常见的这类动词仍有 tell ,warn, order ,advise 等；（此题在上文中已经提到过,为了强调该题的考点因而才重复提及；）考点五：不定式的特别结构1.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked a
20、s if _whether he was going in the right direction.03 年安徽春季 A seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 解析：原句应为-and looked as if he was seeing whether he was-,改为简洁句就变成-looked as if to see 2.It s a long time since I saw my sister. _ her this weekend. （ 2007 全国卷 I）A. Why not visit B. why not to v
21、isit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visitwhy（ not）+do/why don t you +do 表达提议或者建议的用法；依据语境,解析：此题考查只能选 A 项；3. Excuse me sir,where is Room 301. Just a minute.Ill have Bob _you to your room. （2007 北京卷）D. A.show B.shows C. to show showing 解析： have sb. do sth.让某人做某事,应选A；类似结构在2007 江苏卷中再次考到： My parents have
22、 always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. （2007 江苏卷）A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 解析：题意为 “我父母始终以来都使我对自己感到不错,即使当我在 12 岁的时候 ” ,根据句子意思和 feel （为连系动词）good 表示 “ 感到不错,感到中意,感到自信”的意思,不难选到 D；考点六：独立主格结构I send you 100 dollars today,the rest_ in a year. （2005 湖南卷）名师归纳总结
23、- - - - - - -第 5 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. follows B.followed 学习必备欢迎下载C. to follow D.being followed 解析： 今日我先给你寄100 美元； 其余的钱一年内间续寄过去；此题测试非谓语动词的用法； the rest 和 to follow 构成独立主格结构；不定式表主动和将来；V-ing 分词考点一： v-ing 分词名词性功能v-ing 分词名词性功能有：在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等；1._the meeting himself gave them a great deal of
24、 encouragement.2003 上海卷 A.The president will attend B.The president to attend C.The president attended D.The presidents attending解析：此题为动名词的复合结构在句中作主语 ,句中 the president 为名词全部格充当动名词 attending 的规律主语；2.It s necessary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answers ready will be of great help.（2005 北京卷）
25、A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D.Having 解析：动名词 “ Having the answers ready作主语；动词不定式也可以做主语,但明显这儿不行用完成形式,所以选A 是错误的；C. argued s no use _ with him.3.Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. ItA. to argue B. arguing D. having argued 解析：此题考察非谓语动词中动名词的应用；同学应当记住一些固定语法,如本句中,It s no use + V-in
26、g（做什么事情毫无用处） ,应选 B；4.When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.（2005 北京卷）A.to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave 解析： remember 接 to do 与 doing 做宾语的区分： remember doing 回忆起过去做过的事； remember to do 记住要做的事；类似的学问点在 但是难度加大：200
27、6 江西卷中再次考到,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 After he became conscious,he remembered_and_on the head with a rod2006江西卷 Ato attack;hit Bto be attacked；to be hit C. attacking ；be hit Dhaving been attacked；hit 解析： remember 后面跟不定式作宾语表示记住要去做,而跟动名词作宾语表示记得已经做过了, 跟动名词的一般式或完成
28、式,意义一样； 动名词与其规律主语存在着规律上的被动关系 ,应选 D,答案中的 hit 等于 having been hit ；5.If you think that treating a woman well means always_her permission for things,think again.2006 湖南卷 A.gets B.got C.to get D.getting 解析： mean doing sth 意为 “ 意味着做某事 ”,表示假如你认为对一个妇女好就意味着得到她给你东西的答应；mean to do sth 意为 “ 准备做某事 ” ；6.I can stan
29、d _ with Jane in the same off ice. She just refuses_ talking while she works. 2006 北京卷 A. working ; stopping B. to work ; stopping C. working ; to stop D. to work ; to stop stand 在这里表示 “ 忍耐 ” ,后面要求用动名词作宾语,而refuse 要用不定式作宾语；7.It is difficult to imagine his_the decision without any consideration. 2006
30、陕西卷 A.accept B.accepting C.to accept D.accepted imagine 要求用动名词作宾语；该考点在2006 江苏卷中再次考到： - There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. （2006 江苏卷）- My goodness. I cant imagine _ that old. A. to be B. to have been C.being D. having been imagine 要求用动名词作宾语；8.Robert is indeed a wise man. ima
31、gine 与动名词没有时间的先后；Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice. （2007 安徽卷）D. not A. to take B. taking C. not to take taking 解析： regret doing/having done 对做过的事情很懊悔,regret not doing/not having done 表名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载示对以前未做什么事情而懊悔；用动名词作宾语；9. Can I smo
32、ke here. Sorry. We dont allow _ here. （2007 江苏卷）D. A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke smoking 解析：题意为 “ 我可以在这里吸烟吗？愧疚,这里不答应吸烟”,依据allow 的基本用法allow sb to do 和 allow doing 的结构,选D；用动名词作宾语；10.Isnt it time you got down to_ the papers. （2006 重庆卷）A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking 解析： got
33、down to 中的 to是介词因而要用动名词作宾语,而动名词 marking 与其规律主语you是主动关系；11. You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. （ 2007 辽宁卷）A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking 解析： have difficulty in doing sth 结构的一种变化形式；用动名词作介词的宾语；考点二： v-ing 分词形容词性功能v-ing 分词形容性功能有：在句中充当定语、表语、补足语等；1.Reading is an exper
34、ience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. 2004 全国卷 III A.to form B.form C.forming D.having formed 解析：依据此题供应的语境,“ 看书时有画面在大脑中形成；” 而 there are 句子中 are 是谓语动词,所以此题应填非谓语动词,可排除 成” ,排除 A 、D 项,应选 C,作定语；B 项；又由于“ 看书的同时就会形2.The wild flowers looked like
35、 a soft orange blanket_ the desert. 2006 湖南卷 A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover 解析：现在分词短语作定语 =which covers ；3. Peter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon. （2007四川卷）A said B says Csaying D to say 解析：此句表示信中说到,故用v-ing 形式 saying 表示主动 ,作定语 =which said ；名师归纳总结 - - - - -
36、 - -第 8 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. （2007全国卷 II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 解析：考虑到这句话表达的特定语境：桌子只有正在被一开一关声音才可能被外面的人听到,所以现在分词的被动式做定
37、语；5. I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute. （2007 全国卷I）A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 解析：此题考查现在分词做宾语补足语用法；依据语境,可以知道,当时闻到了什么东西正在燃烧, 所以恳求过一会再给对方打过去电话；故用 smell sth burning ；sth.与 burn 是规律上的主谓关系,6. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers vo
38、ice _ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call 解析： V-ing 常接在感官动词如hear, see, catch, find, smell, feel 和某些表“ 致使” 意义的动词 keep, have, leave 等后作宾语补足语；由题干中的 hear 可知,空格内应填calling ；his mothers voice 相当于 his mother；考点三： v-ing 分词副词性功能v-ing 分词副词性功能表达在用来作状语；解题时考虑要用v-ing 分词的什么形式；1._in the queue for ha
39、lf an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.2004 北京卷 A. To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 解析：此题考查现在分词完成式的用法；依据语法规章,当一个句子中前后两个部分被“ ,” 隔开,而前一部分又不是一个完整的句子,就非完整的部分往往需要用非谓语动词, 即用分词来连接句子,故排除 A 、B、D 项；从题意可看出,“ wait ”这个动作发生在主句谓语动作 realize 之前,故用分词的完成式,即 C 项；2.Th
40、e old man,_abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland. 2004 江苏卷 A. to work B.working C. have worked D.having worked 解析：从句意来分析,那个老人在国外工作20 年后,现在正在返回祖国的路上；很明显,分词短语与主句之间为前后关系；而不定式作状语表目的、结果或条件,此处明显不合适,可先排除A 和 C 项；分词的一般式作状语表示与谓语动词同名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -
41、 学习必备 欢迎下载时发生的动作或相伴状态,故排除B 项,只有 D 项符合题意；3._the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.2004 广东卷 A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed 解析：此题考查分词的完成式的否定形式的用法,依据题意,两者有明显的时间先后,且分词的否定形式应在分词前加“ 未完成” 和“ 逗留”not,应选 C；4. _, the more expensive the camer
42、a, the better its quality. （2005 全国 II 卷）A. General speaking B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally 解析：现在分词短语作为习语（一般说来）不需要遵守分词的附着规章：分词短语作状语其规律主语就是句子的主语,否就就是 中又从另一侧面进行了考查：“垂悬分词 ”；该学问点在同一份试卷 While watching television, _. （2005 全国 II 卷）A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
43、 C. we heard the doorbell ring watching television 的规律主语是D. we heard the doorbell rings we,hear+sb/sth+do 听到 做了 该学问点在 20XX 年全国 II 卷中再次考到： Faced with a bill for 10,000,_.20XX 年全国 II 卷 A.John has taken an extra job C.an extra job has been taken B.the boss has given john an extra job D.an extra job has been given to John