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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点必修三 Module 1 be located/ situated on/ in / to = lie/ stand on/ in/ to位于 的；坐落于 的；处于 位置（状态的）我们学校坐落于一个漂亮的地方,四周有青山绿水围绕；Our school is situated in the beautiful place, with green mountains and clear rivers around. situation n. 立场；局势；形势in a situation 处于 .状况中；在 形势下1. In th
2、e present situation, I wouldnt advise you to sell your house. 下, 2. Youre putting me in a very embarrassing situation. 你使我处于特别尴尬的境地；3. With no rain for three months and food supplies running out, the situation here is getting worse. 三个月无雨,食品供应也将消耗殆尽,这里情形越来越糟糕了；face 名师归纳总结 1. face up to 英勇面对（接受并处理）面朝
3、南 / 北 / 东/ 西第 1 页,共 16 页be faced with 面对；面临face to the south/north/east/west 2. face to face 面对面 地 s face 当着某人的面in the face of 面对；在 面前make a face at 向做鬼脸save/lose face 保全 / 丢面子to onestare sb. in the face 盯着某人ed 形式 ,be 去掉）turn red in the face 涨红了脸be+过去分词 +介词（这些词作状语或定语时用- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - -
4、 - - - be faced with； be compared with 名师总结优秀学问点be seated； be hidden ；be lost / absorbed/occupied in be abandoned/ addicted to（沉溺于）；be born ； be dressed ； be tired of （厌烦）等表示“某物在哪个方向”可用 south/north/east/west 等,构成以下几种表达方式；1. is in the south of 在的南部（在内部） is on the south of 在的南边（接壤） is to the south of
5、在以南（在外部） is south of 在的南部（不指明在内部仍是外部）2. 把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放在句首,句子用完全倒装语序；.Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong. South of Shandong is Jiangsu. .East of our school lies a railway. 倍数表示法：as as A is more than times -er than B 倍数the N. of size, length, height, weight主谓一样三原就：语法一样的原就：语法一样的原就是指主语为单、复数与谓语动词要相呼应
6、；但要留意一些特殊情形；1）以 along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语,其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主；例如：Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点2）表示时间,重量,长度,价格等的复数名词,作主语从整体来看时,谓语动词用单数；例如： Fif
7、ty years is not a long time. 3） 非谓语动词,从句或其他短语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式；例如： Early to bed and early to rise is healthful. 4）假如主语是由and 连接的两个单数名词,但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时,谓语用单数；例如：Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write. 意义一样的原就：意义一样的原就指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面的语法标 志,主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数；
8、假如这些集体名词指整体概念时,谓语动词用单数； 指详细成员时用复数； 例如：The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 类似这样的集体名词有：family, class, audience, committee （委员会） , crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会） , village 等；就近原就：所谓就近原就是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语,而无须考虑其他的词；1） 以 either or, or, neither和 not on
9、ly nor but also 连接的两个主语,其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一样；例如： Either you or he has to go there with me. 2） 由 there 或 here 引起的主语,而又不止是一个时,实行就近原就；例如：Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 谓语动词用单数的情形：名师归纳总结 many a /Many a student was deeply moved by 第 3 页,共 16 页more than onethe film. Every and ev
10、eryEach boy and each girl has seen the no andno /each and eachfilm. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - one and a half 名师总结优秀学问点One and a half bananas was eaten by a or two that monkey. nobody, everything, no one, somethingEverything was prepared. a/the and 指同一人、事物或概念The League secretary and monit
11、or has come. 钱、时间、长度等$300 is not enough for us to travel. the number ofThe number of the books is 37. a great deal of / a large amount of A large amount of money was spent. to do/ doing 作主语When and where to build the factory is not decided. 谓语动词用复数的情形：a great number of A great number of trees have b
12、een a great many / a fewplanted . large quantities of 牛 Large quantities of land were destroyed. The police say they have caught the people, police, cattlethieves. 谓语动词用单 / 复数的情形：the rest of Give you a glass of Some students are / some water, and the rest is left cleaning the floor and for me. the r
13、est are washing the windows. the family, the class, the The class consists of 20 The class are doing group, team, public, means, boys and 20 girls. experiments. sheep, deer, the population The population is Two thirds of the increasing fast. population here are farmers. all All worksout well. All ar
14、e eager to reach an agreement. 名师归纳总结 Wh at 从句 / 倒装句What we need is water. What we need are 第 4 页,共 16 页books. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结优秀学问点He is one of the He is the only one of the 定语从句as well as, together with, like 像, but, students who has been to students who have been Shangha
15、i. to Shanghai. He, rather than you, is to blame. The mother tiger, together with her baby tigers is playing on the grass. Nobody but we knows the matter. rather than, including not only but alsoEither you or he is to be sent abroad. neither norAre either you or he to be sent abroad. or There is a t
16、able and two desks. There be 必修三 Module2 1. till ：直到：由 打算 / 负责up to sth be fit for ：胜任be busy in doing sth ：忙着做 be up to sb=be left to sb to decide 1）I can take up to four people in my car. 2）I have never heard from her up to now. 3）What s he up to . 他在忙什么？我的汽车最多能做四个人 我至今也没有她的音讯；4 Its up to you to d
17、ecide where we go for a picnic.由你打算我们应去哪儿野餐；5）李平不能胜任他的工作；Li Ping is not up to his job. 6 这个帐篷至多能睡十人；2. measure Up to ten people can sleep in this tent. 名师归纳总结 measure sth in/by sth用来衡量,用 来运算第 5 页,共 16 页take measures to do实行措施做某事- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点1）People in Los Angels m
18、easure distance in time, not miles. 翻译洛杉矶人用时间来运算（两地）距离而不是用英里数；2）The Chinese government is taking effective measuresto develop the economy. 中国政府正在实行强有力的措施来进展经济；3. sure 1 make sure表示 “务必 ”,“确信 ”,“ 弄明白 ”,后面常接of/about sth.或 that引导的宾语从句；Make surethat you will arrive there on time. 你务必准时到这；I know theres a
19、 train this afternoon, but I must make sure of the time.我知道今日下午有列火车,但我必需弄清晰 发车 时间；2）be sure of, be sure that 对有把握,对 确定,确信Can we be sure of his honesty. /Can we be sure that he is honest. 我们能信任他是诚恳的？I m sure of winning the game. 我有把握能赢得竞赛；3 be sure to do 说话人估计主语“肯定；必定会 ”或 常用于祈使句 务必做某事He is sure to be
20、 back soon. 他肯定会很快回来；Be sure not to forget it. 千万别忘了；留意： be sure of 与 be sure to do 的区分：.He is sure of his success. =He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会胜利；.He is sure to succeed. 他肯定会胜利；说话人的看法 . Be sure to write and tell me all your news. 务必来信把你全部情形都告知我；名师归纳总结 另外,常见的与sure 相关的短语仍有：be sure of onese
21、lf 有自信心, for sure的确；第 6 页,共 16 页的确地,sure enough果真,果真；用于口语,此时的“ Sure. ”相当于 “ Of course. ” 与- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - “Certainly.；”名师总结优秀学问点4. From the agreement came the Human Development Report. 表示方位或方式的副词和介词短语放在句首用完全倒装At the foot of the mountain lies a small village. , 即谓语动词完全置于主语之前；在山脚
22、下有一个小村庄；Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去；Here comes the bus. 车来了；To the south of our school stand many shops. 【部分倒装】only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,放于句首否定副词 never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom 等放于句首 so+adj/adv+ 倒装 + that 1. Only when he returned did we find out the truth We found out the truth only when he
23、returned. 2. Never before have I seen such a moving film.I have never seen such a moving film before 3. So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.He speaks English so clearly that 5. figure n./v. 1.He had always looked upon Sarah as a kind of mother figure. 形象2.How
24、does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much. 体形3.He was the outstanding political figure of his time. 人物 v. 4.I figured that he was drunk and shouldn认为 t be allowed to drive. 5.It took me hours to figure those problems out. 分析；想出6.Women. I just can figure them out. 懂得7.Many economists h
25、ave been figuring out what makes China develop so fast. 分析8. 盼望 figure on 6 S.+ be + adj. + to do 名师归纳总结 easy/ good/ safe/comfortable/ dangerous/hard/ difficult第 7 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点1.The water is not pure to drink drink 2.He needs a chair comfortable to sit on.
26、sit 3.The young man felt the room cold to live in live 必修三 Module 3 1.occur 过去式 occurred 过去分词 occurred 1发生,显现Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. 2 sth occur to sb 某人想到,某事出现脑海It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble. A brilliant idea occurred to me. 【回忆 “发生 ” 】.A big earthquake occu
27、rred /happened in the south of China last month. .It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. .I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home. . A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night. . After the flood, diseases broke out here
28、and there. .Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. .How did it come about that such a short journey took such a long time. words meanings .occur 偶然发生；突然想起It occurred to sb. that happen 偶然发生；碰巧It happened that/ sb. happen to do sth. break out 战争、火灾、疾病、争执 突然爆发过去式stru
29、ck 过去分词struck / take place 有方案地 发生 ; 举办 strike 打击,撞击, （雷电,暴风雨等）突击,stricken The clock struck five. 敲打A powerful earthquake struck the island early this morning. 突击I was struck by its beauty. 被打动At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. 出现 ; 使人想起名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 16 页精
30、选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【留意区分】 strike, hit, beat, 名师总结优秀学问点knock strike 钟敲打,撞击,突击”, 表示有力的打一下；beat 连续地打,心脏的跳动,在嬉戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方,也可表示殴打,体罚；hit 瞄准某物而击中；也可表示“突击 ”knock 用拳头或硬的东西“敲、击、打必修二 Module 4 strength n. 【辨析】： strength, force, energy, power Union is strength. Knowledge is power. 注：尽力帮忙do everything in o
31、ne s .I shall do everything in my power to help you. power to do .The law remains in force. （法律仍然有效；）.Young people usually have more energy than the old. 【总结】：words meanings strength 着重指人的力气,物的强度；force 自然力气；暴力,势力；法律,道德,感情力气；军事力气等energy 主要指人的精力；自然界的能量power 用途最广,包括才能,功能；事物的力气；职权,权力或政权so that / such th
32、at .so that 引导结果状语从句so+ adj./ adv. + that 从句他跑的如此快,没人能赶上他；He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - so+ adj.+ a/an+n.+that 从句名师总结优秀学问点他是这么好的一个男孩,我们大家都喜爱他；He is so good a boy that all of us like him. so+many/much/little/few+n.+that从他如此博
33、学,所以被高校录用；into He has so much knowledge that he is admitted 句the college. such that 引导结果状语从句such+a/an +adj.+n. +that从句他是这么好的一个男孩,我们大家都喜爱他；He is such a good boy that all of us like him.such+ adj. +复数名词 / 不行数名词天气如此好,我们都想去公园漫步；It is such fine weather that we want to take a +that 从句walk in the park.【特殊留
34、意】 ：so little 少+n./ such little 小+n. 用 so 或 such 填空 He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.It is not surprising that such little worms eat so little grain. 当 so 或 such 置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序；这个男孩如此可怕,以至于不知该怎么做；t know what to do.The boy was so frightened that he didn改为倒装句： So frightened
35、 was the boy that he didnt know what to do.appear to / It appears that He is only forty , but appears to be be quite old. It appears to me thatThe girl appears to have known know it. 这女孩似乎已经知道了这件事；It appears to me that you are all mistaken. 我觉得你们全错了； make +it + adj. + to do The heavy rain made it im
36、possible for us to get there on time. 这场大雨使我们不行能按时到达那里了 ；His explanation made it easy for us to understand the text. 他的说明使我们懂得课文简单了 【拓展】make + it +n. +to do He made it a rule to read aloud and recite ten English words every morning. 名师归纳总结 他把每天早晨大声朗读,背10 个英语单词作为一项规定 第 10 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料
37、- - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点to do 不定式结构: to do 否定 not to do 时态与语态一般式主动语态被动语态 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing - 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing - 用法1. 主 To see is to believe. Its important to learn . 不定式作主语时 ,往往放在谓语之后 , 用 it 作形式主语 . 2. 表 My job is to help the patient. You
38、r task is to clean the classroom. 3 宾 I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again. think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope, refuse, learn, set outchoose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan. 4. 宾 warn, tell, allow, help, as
39、k, force The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 五看 watch see look at 名师总结优秀学问点observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear 一感觉 : feel 不定式用在介词 but, except, besides 后时 ,假如这些介词前有行为动词 do 的各种形式 ,那么介词后的
40、不定式不带 to, 相反就带 to. She could do nothing but cry. I have no choice but to go. What do you like to do besides sleep. 注：在 cant but ,cant help but ,cant choose but （意思是不得不,只能,只好）,的结构后,不定式不带to 5. 定语I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is no
41、thing to worry about. 假如不定式中的动词是不及物动词,就不定式中要有介词. 不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面,而且放在其他后置定语之后；不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：. 动宾关系I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做；. 主谓关系He is always the first to come. 他总是第一个来；. 同位关系名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点We all have a chance to go to colleg
42、e. 我们都有上高校的机会；不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等,须有相应的介词；即使是及物动词, 不定式后面仍不定式所修饰的名词假如是time, place或 way ,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去；He had no money and no place to live. 他没钱没地方住；something, anything, nothing, everything 留意比较：等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语；Do you have anything to send.你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）Do you have anything to be sent. 你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式 to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me 或 someone else ）6 状I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train. in order to , so as to ,enough to ,only to , too .to.,7. 独立结构To tell the truth, I dont agree with you.to