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1、名词词义辨析的技巧名词词义辨析不仅在高考单项填空中占有一席之地，而且是完形填空热点之一。那么如何才能快速、准确地做好名词词义辨析题呢？口诀：一看词义，二看搭配，三看惯用法。分析：从形式上看，四个选项都是名词，甚至形式也一致，如都是单数或都是复数。第一步，先结合语境从汉语意思上进行区分。如果不能确定答案，应进一步从搭配和惯用法上进行区分。例1. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to providefor the homeless families.A. accommodation B. B. o
2、ccupation C. C.equipment D. D. furniture【分析】先看句意：地震后当地政府做的第一件事情是为无家可归的家庭提供_。其次看选项含义：accommodation住处,膳宿住处；膳宿；occupation职业；equipment设备；furniture家具。那么结合语境为无家可归的家庭提供“住处”最合适，因此本题最佳答案是A。James took the magazines off the little table to make _ for the television.A. area B.room C. field D. Position【分析】先看句意：詹
3、姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿走以便给电视机_。四个选项都有“地方”之意，但是make room for是固定搭配，表示“给腾地方”，因此本题最佳答案是B。例3. I am sure David will be able to find the libraryhe has a pretty good _ of direction. A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense【分析】先看句意：我相信大卫会找到图书馆，他有很好的方向_。a good sense of是固定用法，表示“有感”，如a sense of humor/ achievement/ duty/s
4、atisfaction幽默感/成就感/责任感/满足感。因此尽管四个选项都有“感觉”之意，但本题最佳答案是D。小题精练1. We already have _ pencils, but we still need two _pens.A. dozen of; dozen B.dozens of; dozens C. dozens of;dozen D. dozens of; dozen of2. He gained his _by printing _of famous writers.A. wealth; work B. wealths; worksC.wealths; work D. wea
5、lth;works3. He is a skillful worker. I am sure he has enough _ to fix all the _.A. experience; equipment B.experiences; equipmentsC. experience; equipments D.experiences; equipment4. All the _ in the hospital got a rise last month.A. women doctors B. women doctor C. womandoctors D.woman doctor5. He
6、dropped the _and broke it.A. cup of coffee B. coffees cupC. cup for coffee D. coffee cup6. The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to takethem off before they got into _ car.A. girls; TomsB. girls; Toms C.girls; Toms D. girls; Toms7.-Whodidyouspendlastweekendwith?-_.A.PalmersB.ThePalmers
7、C.ThePalmersD.ThePalmers8. -May I take your order now?-Wed like three black _ and two green _.A. coffee; cups of teasB. coffees; teasC. cups of coffee; teaD. cup of coffees; teas9. -You are always full of_. Can you tell me the secret? -Taking plenty of exercise every day.A. powerB.strength C. forceD
8、.energy10. Fortunately, rescuers were able to gain _to the disaster-hit area soon enoughA. accessB. track C.means D. passage11. The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _.A. expectation B. reputation C.contribution D. civiliz
9、ation12. Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for_building.A. respect B.friendship C. reputation D. character13. Your work experience is a big _ in the job market but your poor eyesight will limit your choices.A. benefit B.condition C. advantage D. promise 14. China
10、and other countries found that even when children from the countryside do start school, they have a(n)_ to be absent and often drop out later.A. reaction B. expectation C. restriction D.tendency15. The disaster got so much _, including a reality show on Discovery Networks Planet Green, that cash, vo
11、lunteers, and materials poured in.A. observation B.information C. atmosphere D. attention16. I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real_.A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D.business17. As a judge in a competition, you shall show no_to any competitor or you will be criticized by the
12、public.A. desire B.favor C.interest D. sympathy18. It is no_arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A. use B. help C. time D. way19. With no better way to express feelings of love and _, its easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mothers Day.A.appreciation B. inspiratio
13、n C. satisfaction D.ambition20. Local charity workers are joining a nation wide drive to raise public _of AIDS, a disease for which there is no effective cure.A. conclusion B.impression C.awareness D. judgment答案1. C。句意：我们已经有几十支铅笔，但是还需要两打钢笔。dozens of表示不确切的数字，意为“几十个”，类似于hundreds of, thousands of, mill
14、ions of。dozen与具体数字连用时，不用复数，也不用of，如three dozenbooks等。2. D。句意：他靠印刷著名作家的作品积累了财富。wealth表示“财富”用作不可数名词；work是不可数名词，表示“工作”；works是可数名词，表示“工厂；著作；作品”。3. A。句意：他是一名熟练工人。我相信他有足够的经验维修好所有的设备。experience作“经验”讲是不可数名词，作“经历”讲是可数名词; equipment只能用作不可数名词，表示“设施；设备”。常见不可数名词可杜撰一词flipean(飞来品)来巧记：fun(有趣的人/事情),luggage(行李),informa
15、tion(信息), progress（进步）,equipment(设备), advice(建议), news(新闻)等。4. A。man, woman作定语修饰复数名词时，也用复数形式，如men teachers,women scientists。但是boy, girl作定语只能用单数形式，如two boy students, threegirl friends。5. D。句意：他把咖啡杯掉在地上打碎了。本句考查名词作定语的用法。英语中名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途、材料、地点等，一般用单数形式，例外的单词有sports, sales等。如a sports car, the sales dep
16、artment。6. C。句意：女孩们的鞋占满了泥浆，因此我让她们进入汤姆的车之前把鞋脱掉。依据下文asked them推断女孩不止一个，排除A、D；第二空是名词所有格的基本用法。7. B。姓氏复数前加the表示“夫妇/一家人”；这里强调地点，故用名词所有格，“在Palmer夫妇家”。另外，应注意若某物为两者以上拥有，只在后一个名词前加s，如Jim and Jacks bedroom。8. B。这里考查抽象名词具体化的用法。这里表示“我们想喝三倍浓咖啡和两杯绿茶。”9. D。你爷爷总是精力充沛，秘诀是什么？每天早上进行锻炼。taste味道，鉴赏力；energy精力，活力，能源；relief减轻
17、，救济；credit信用，信誉。10. A。句意：幸运的是，救援人员得以很快进入受灾地区救援。gain/have access to是固定词组，表示“进入”。11. B。句意：这个医生擅长治疗心脏病又不收病人任何礼物，因此他有很高的声望。expectation期望；reputation声誉；声望；contribution贡献；civilization文明。12. D。句意：一个人徒步旅行既有趣又有利于身体健康，还有助于品质培养。respect尊敬；friendship友谊；reputation声誉；character品质；性格。13. C。句意：你的工作经验在就业市场是一大优势，但是你视力差又
18、会限制你的选择。benefit利益；好处；condition条件；advantage优势；promise承诺。14. D。句意：中国和其他国家发现即使孩子确实很早上学，他们还有以后缺课甚至辍学的倾向。reaction反应；expectation期望；restriction限制；tendency趋势；倾向。15. D。句意：这场灾难得到如此多的关注以致于很多捐款、志愿者蜂拥而至。observation观察；information信息；atmosphere大气层；attention关注；注意。16. B。句意：我在市场10元买这件衣服，真划算。bargain讨价还价；廉价品。17. B。句意：作为
19、比赛评委，你对任何参赛者都不应表现出偏爱，否则会受到公众责备。desire愿望，欲望；favor恩惠；帮助，有利；interest兴趣；sympathy同情。18. A。句意：和比尔争辩下去没有用，因为他不会改变主意的。It is no use doing sth.是固定句型，表示“做某事是没有用的”。19. A。句意：因为没有更好的表达爱心和感激之情的方式，很容易看到母亲节很多人都奔花店去。appreciation感激；欣赏；inspiration激励；灵感；satisfaction满足；ambition抱负；志向。20. C。句意：当地义工都加入全国性提高艾滋病意识的宣传活动中，艾滋病还没有有效治疗办法。conclusion结论；推断；impression印象；awareness觉悟；意识；judgment判断。