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1、全国2023年7月高等教育自考英语翻译试题作者：icczk 来源：中国学位自考中心网 发布时间：2023-12-21 14:25:51 一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) (一)本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。(20分)1. I guessed vaguely from my mothers signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen. (
2、 )A. 母亲给我打着手势，人们在屋里急忙地走来走去，我模模糊糊地猜到有一件不寻常的事在周边发生了。B. 我从母亲打给我的模糊手势中和从人们在屋里急忙地走来走去中预感到一件不寻常的事已经要发生了。C. 从母亲的手势和人们在屋里跑来跑去中，我隐约地预感到有不寻常的事要发生。D. 母亲给我打着手势，人们在屋里急忙地走来走去，模模糊糊地预感到一件不寻常的事就要发生了。2. With the flood came the life-giving mud that made Egypt the granary of the ancient world. ( )A. 河水泛滥带来的泥沙，万物得以生长，这样
3、埃及成为古代世界的粮仓。B. 河水泛滥带来了泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。C. 随着河水的泛滥带来赋予生命的泥沙，埃及就成为古代世界的粮仓。D. 泛滥的河水带来赋予生命的泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成为古代世界的粮仓。3. Chinas imports will supply the much needed machinery and technology to fuel its continued development. ( )A. 中国的进口会提供非常必需的机械和技术来为它的继续发展加油。B. 进口可认为中国提供急需的机械和技术，从而促进其连续发展。C. 中国可用的
4、的机械和技术进口加速了它继续发展的速度。D. 中国进口的机械和技术可用来加速它继续发展的速度。4. The river is fenced to keep people out.( )A. 这条河用围栏把人们挡在外边。B. 围栏把人们挡在这条河外边。C. 围栏把这条河挡在人们的外边。D. 为了行人的安全，河的两岸修了栏杆。5. Clyde was flustered and disturbed by the cool, examining eyes of the man.( )A. 克莱德面对眼前这个人的冷漠、审阅的目光而显得很慌乱。B. 克莱德面对眼前这个人的审阅的冷漠眼睛显得慌乱不已。C.
5、 克莱德在这个人的冷漠的目光审阅下显得很慌乱不已。D. 克莱德显得如此的慌乱，因此不敢面对眼前这个人的冷漠而审阅的目光。6. 五四运动所进行的文化革命是彻底地反对封建文化的运动。( ) A. The cultural revolution carried out by the May 4th Movement was complete in its position to feudal culture.B. The cultural revolution ushered by May 4th Movement was uncompromising of its opposition of fe
6、udal culture.C. The cultural revolution launched by May 4th Movement was complete in its position to feudal culture.D. The cultural revolution ushered in by the May 4th Movement was uncompromising in its opposition to feudal culture.7. 中国可以依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给。( )A. China can basically realize self-suffi
7、ciency in food supplies through selfindependence.B. China can basically realize self-support in food supplies through selfreliance.C. China can basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain through selfreliance.D. China can basically achieve self-support in grain through selfindependence.8. 她不是鲁镇人。( )
8、A. She was not from Luzhen.B. She did not come from Luzhen.C. She was not a native of Luzhen.D. She was not the woman who came from Luzhen.9. 我国陆地矿产资源的人均占有量不到世界人均量的一半。( )A. The amount per capita of the land mineral resources in China is less than half the figure per capita worldwide.B. The amount pe
9、r capita of the mineral land resources in China is no less than half the figure per capita worldwide.C. The amount per capita of the mineral land resources in China is lower than half the figure per capita worldwide.D. The amount per capita of the land mineral resources in China is no more than half
10、 the figure per capita worldwide.10. 实行科教兴国战略，不断提高全民族的思想道德素质和科学文化素质。( )A. To practise a strategy of science and education, and strive to raise the political and moral standards as well as scientific and cultural level of the entire nation.B. To adopt a strategy of rejuvenating China through science
11、and education, and strive to raise the political and moral standards as well as scientific and cultural level of the entire nation.C. To execute a strategy through science and education, and strive to raise the political and moral standards as well as scientific and cultural level of the entire nati
12、on.D. To adopt a strategy through science and education, and strive to raise the political and moral standards as well as scientific and cultural level of the entire nation.(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目规定的，选择最佳答案完毕句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。(10分) 11. 下面哪种表述是对的的?( )A. 英语中代称使用多，实称使用少，不怕反复。B. 汉语中实称使用多，代称使用少
13、，不怕反复。C. 英语中实称使用多，代称使用少，避免反复。D. 汉语中代称使用多，实称使用少，避免反复。12. 下面哪种表述是对的的?( )A. 英语句子强调突出重点，语序比较固定。B. 汉语句子强调突出重点，语序比较固定。C. 英语强调时间顺序和逻辑顺序，评论与表态的话语多放在句末。D. 汉语强调时间顺序和逻辑顺序，评论与表态的话语多放在句末。13. 下列哪位主张直译，但同时又提倡保存“神韵”?( )A. 鲁迅B. 瞿秋白C. 茅盾D. 郭沫若14. “上下文在解决语言单位的多义性问题上起着最重要的作用。”这是下列哪位的论述?( )A. 奈达B. 巴尔胡达罗夫C. 泰特勒D. 费道罗夫15.
14、 就汉译英而论，下面哪种表述是对的的?( )A. 断句的情况较多，并句的情况较少B. 断句的情况较多，并句的情况也较多C. 断句的情况较少，并句的情况较多D. 断句的情况较少，并句的情况也较少二、词语翻译(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) (一)将下列词语译成中文(10分)16. pottery industry17. summer resort18. 1.8 trillion dollars19. investment policy20. keen interests21. county history(annals)22. soda fountain23. living organ
15、isms24. court of appeals25. Contracting States(二)将下列词语译成英语(10分)26. 流传长远27. 五卅运动28. 十五世纪初29. 有利因素30. 游记31. 试工期32. 排队33. 大陆岸线34. 注册资本35. 区域自治三、 改译题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分) (一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。(10分)Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。36. 原文: Scarcely les
16、s important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.译文：在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。改译：37. 原文: I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.译文：一想到连接两个生命的差异是如此巨大时，我的心中充满了诧异。改译：38. 原文: Each language has its own genius.译文：每一种语言有其自己的天才。改译
17、：39. 原文: The captain of the boys was telling me he was in need of one.译文：孩子们的队长告诉我他是要雇人的。改译：40. 原文: The oil used for lubrication must be of correct thickness.译文：润滑油的厚度要适当。改译：(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。(10分)Example:原文：中国在任何情况之下决不一方面使用核武器。译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.改
18、译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.-41. 原文:从1980年至1992年, 人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6%。译文：Each GPS has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980 to 1992.改译：42. 原文: 鼓励合营公司向中国境外销售产品。译文：Encourage a joint venture to market its products outside China.改译：43. 原文：坐在花园的篱笆上，一只黄蜂蜇了我一下。译文：Sitting
19、 on the fence in my garden, a wasp stung me.改译：44. 原文：不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。译文：Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources，development potential is very great.改译：45. 原文：总起来说，就是要把中国建设成为富强民主文明的现代化国家。译文：In a word, is to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally ad
20、vanced modern country.改译：四、 段落翻译 (本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分)(一)将下列短文译成汉语(15分)46. The first great rush of population to the far west was drawn to the mountainous regions, where gold was found in California in 1848. Miners opened up the country, established communities, and laid the foundations for more per
21、manent settlements. Yet even while digging in the hills, some settlers perceived the regions farming and stock-raising possibilities.(二)将下列短文译成英语(15分)47. 关于我自己，有一点我始终很清楚，这就是：我出身于一个十分普通的家庭。在这种与中国成千上万个家庭雷同的普通家庭里，我长成了一个混同于成千上万个中国人之中分辨不出的普通小女子。于是便有着普通小女子的许多弱点和做法。当然，尚有许多属于女人的缺陷。2023年自考英语备考辅导练习题作者：icczk 来
22、源：中国学位自考中心网 发布时间：2023-03-29 15:19:26 The Greatest Mystery of Whales The whale is a mammal - warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them-and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this. _1_ front flippers, used for steering and stability, are tra
23、ces of feet.Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whales body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whales pulling _2_ has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have _3_ a whaling vessel for seven hours at the _4_ of eight knots.An
24、 enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous _5_ of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk _6_ South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled in the same way. Sperm whales were known to _7_ the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush t
25、hem.The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale _8_ the bottom for his favourite food, the octopus. _9_ he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch. Doing _10_ he will remain submerged as long as one hour. Two feats
26、are involved in this : storing up enough _11_(all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just _12_ he dose it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. An
27、d _13_ that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But _14_ you cant bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one _15_ just how these things work.EXERCISE:1. A)Their B)His C)Theirs D)Its2. A)s
28、trength B)width C)height D)length3. A)eaten B)crashed C)towed D)lifted4. A)distance B)rate C)voyage D)sail5. A)picture B)film C)example D)book6. A)off the coast of B)of the coast of C0away the coast of D)in the coast of7. A)hit B)seize C)damage D)overturn8. A)sink to B)rest on C)dive to D)hide on9.
29、A)In that search B)Because of this C)In spite of that D)In support of this10. A)so B)such C)above D)the same11. A)air B)oxygen C)energy D)heat12. A)what B)where C)how D)when13. A)it is believed B)he believes C)we believe D)it believes14. A)because of B)due to C)since D)owing to15. A)communicates B)k
30、nows C)hears D)developsKEY:D A C B C A B C A A B C A C BRacial PrejudiceIn some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. There are countries _1_ the white man imposes his rule by brute force; th
31、ere are countries where the black man protests by _2_ fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be _3_ men, get up and calmly argue _4_ violence- -as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening,
32、 what really fills you _5_ despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress _6_. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the _7_ history of the human race, that tedious documentation of
33、 violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never _8_ a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering _9_ nothing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder
34、_10_ hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions _11_ are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own _12_ because they advocate such apparently outrageous things _13_ law enforcement. If half the energy that goes int
35、o violent acts were _14_, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living- standards and providing education and employment _15_ all, we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution.EXERCISE:1. A) where B) that C) which D) who2. A) giving B) catching C)
36、 setting D) letting3. A) reasonable B) reasonably C) reasonless D) reason4. A) for the sake of B) for fear of C) in case of D) in favor of5. A) for B) with C) by D) up6. A) at all B) after all C) at last D) in the end7. A) record B) recording C) recorded D) records8. A) keeps B) deals C) answers D)
37、solves9. A) meant B) mean C) is meaning D) are meaning10. A) what B) that C) / D) which11. A) lay B) lays C) lie D) lies12. A) kind B) way C) right D) rule13. A) like B) so C) that D) as14. A) put to use good B0 put to good use C0 put good to use D) good put to use15. A) by B) at C) for D) withKEY:A
38、 C A D B A C D B A C A D B CPublic and Private Schools in the Unite StatesReligious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the Unite States, and, as a result, are usually somewhat expensive to_1_. The largest group of religious schools in America _2_ by the Roman Catho
39、lic Church. While religious schools tend to be_3_ expensive than private schools, there are usually some fees.When there is free education available to all children in the Unite States, why do people _4_ money on private schools? Americans offer_5_ great variety of reasons for doing so, including th
40、e desire of some parents to _6_ their children to schools _7_ classes tend to be smaller, or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program, or because, _8_ their opinion, the public schools in their area are not _9_ high enough quality to meet their needs. Private school
41、s in the Unite States _10_ widely in size, quality, and in the kind of program that are offered to meet _11_ of certain students.The degree _12_ American parents are active in their childrens schools is often _13_ to people of other countries. Most schools have organizations _14_ of both parents and
42、 teachers, usually called P.T.A for Parent-Teacher-Association. They meet together to _15_ various matters concerning the school. Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.1.A) go B) attend C) take part in D) enroll2. A) were run B) run C) is run D) is running3.
43、A) less B) more C) rather D) much4. A) spend B) pay C) cost D) take5. A) a B) the C) some D) /6 A) bring B) bringing C) send D) sending7. A) which B) what C) in that D) where8. A) to B) in C) on D) for9. A) / B) in C) of D) on10. A) differ B) varies C) extend D) differs11. A) the needs B) the satisf
44、action C) needs D) need12. A) on which B) to which C) which D) what13. A) surprise B) surprised C) surprising D) striking14. A) consisting B) comprising C) composing D) making up15. A) talk to B) comment C) discuss D) exchangekey: BCAAA CDBCA ABCACThe Central Problem of EconomicsThe central problem
45、of economics is to satisfy the peoples and nations wants.The problem we are faced with is that our resources, here identified as money, are _1_. The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After looking at our resources, we must examine our list of _2_ and identify the things we need
46、 immediately, those we can postpone, and _3_ we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide _4_ with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.Nations face the same problem. As a countrys population _5_, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase, but there _6_ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family li