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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语数词用法归纳一、定义与分类数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。二、基数词1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand
2、)。2. 用作基数词单位的 hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from )。This took
3、place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。三、序数词1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th, 5th,
4、9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。4. 非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为 hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。如：My room is on the second floor and his on the
5、third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：Well have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。如：two thirds=2/3three fifths=3/5注：1/2 通常读作 a one half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a one fourth，也可读作
6、 a one quarter。2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如：Theyre twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作 per cent。如：thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后
7、面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。五、表示日期1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hun
8、dred六、表示钟点半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to。08:00 eight oclock或eight09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine02:30 two thirty或half past/after two05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six五、表示约数1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如：The boy bought dozens of
9、pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。如nearly two hours将近两个小时。3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。如more than 100 years一百多年。4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左
10、右。如about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔，a month or so大约一个月。5. 用to, fromto, betweenand表示介于两数词。如：His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。_数词练习题：( )76. Tuesday is the _ day of a week in English. A. first B. fifth C. third D. fourth( )77. There are _ seasons in a year in o
11、ur country. A. two B. four C. second D. fourth( )78. The game of _ Olympics will be held in Beijing in 2008. A. 29 B. the 29th C. the 29 D. 29th ( )80. _ of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered with water. A. First third B. Two thirds C. One three D. Two three( )81. There are _ people in my famil
12、y. We live on the _ floor in a tall building. A. five, six B. fifth, sixth C. fifth, six D. five, sixth( )82. Boys and girls, we are going to learn _ today. A. Four Lesson B. the fourth lesson C. the Lesson Four D. the Four Lesson( )83. My lovely daughter is _. A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C
13、. eight year old D. eight-years-old( )84. The flood happened _. A. in the summer of 1998 B. in the summer of 1998s C. in 1998 of the summer D. in 1998s of the summer( )85. February 28 should be read as _. A. February of the 28th B. February of 28 C. 28 of February D. the 28th of February( )86. - How
14、 soon will you finish your work? - In about _. A. one and a half month B. one month and a half C. one and half a month D. a month and half( )87. We will have a _ holiday. What about going to Suzhou? A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days( )88. We are sure the _ century will bring us more
15、hopes. A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-one C. twenty-one D. twenty-first( )89. - What is 1/2 and 1/3? - Its _. A. 2/5 B. 1/5 C. 5/6 D. 4/6( )90. At the age of _, he had his own lab. A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty( )91. Five times five is _. A. five B. zero C. ten D. twenty-fiv
16、e( )92. _ are in the army. A. Two their sons B. Their two sons C. Their sons two D. Two sons their( )93. My sister is a student of _. A. the First Class B. Class One C. One Class D. Class First( )94. The boy can count from one to _. A. hundred B. a hundred C. one hundreds D. hundreds( )95. Their hou
17、se is about _ as big as ours. A. times three B. three time C. time three D. three times( )96. - Would you like some fruit, madam? - Oh, yes. _, please. A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana( )97. This building is for a _. A. family of three B. three people C. three peoples family D. three peoples family( )98. Ten and five is _. A. five B. fifty C. fifteen D. two( )99. There are _ in a day. A. 24 hours B. 12 hours C. four hours D. 365 hours专心-专注-专业