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1、2023年管理类联考英语二真题及答案解析Section Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Directions：Read the following text。Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(1
2、0 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with - or even looking at - a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.Its a sad reality - our desire to avoid interacting with other
3、human beings - because theres 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldnt know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : Please dont approach me.What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann,
4、 executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as creepy,. We fear well be 7 . We fear well be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid
5、this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. Phones become our security blanket, Wortmann says. They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesnt 12 so bad. In one 2023 experiment
6、, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a13. The duo had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14. When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stran
7、ger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own, the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didnt expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, not a single person reported having been snubbed.18, these commutes were reportedly more
8、enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. Its that 20: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1.A ticketB permitC signalD record2.A nothingB littleC anotherD much3.A beatenB guidedC pluggedD brought4.A me
9、ssageB codeC noticeD sign5.A underB beyondC behindD from6.A misappliedB mismatchedC misadjustedD misinterpreted7.A replacedB firedC judgedD delayed8.A unreasonableB ungratefulC unconventionalD unfamiliar9.A comfortableB confidentC anxiousD angry10.A attendB pointC takeD turn11.A dangerousB mysteriou
10、sC violentD boring12.A hurtB resistC bendD decay13.A lectureB conversationC debateD negotiation14.A passengersB employeesC researchersD trainees15.A revealB chooseC predict D design16.A voyageB rideC walkD flight17.A went throughB did awayC caught upD put up18.A in turnB in fact C in particularD in
11、consequence19.A unlessB sinceC ifD whereas20.A funnyB logicalC simpleD rareSection Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1A new study suggests that contra
12、ry to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured peoples control. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge。“Further contradicting conventional wisd
13、om we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work” Another surprise is that the findings hold
14、true for both those with children and without but more so for non parents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health。What the study doesnt measure is whether people are still doing work when they re at home whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For
15、many men the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace
16、 in making adjustments for working women it s not surprising that women are more stressed at home。But its not just a gender thing. At work people pretty much know what theyre supposed to be doing: working making money doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pu
17、re: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。On the home front however people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done there are in
18、adequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it or if they re teenagers threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus they re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to
19、 go home from home。So its not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite the co-workers are much harder to motivate。21.According to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home_Awas an un realistic place for relaxationBgenerated more stress than
20、 the workplaceCwas an ideal plac efor stress measurementDoffered greater relaxation than the workplace22.According to Damaske，who are likely to be the happiest at home?AWorking mothersBChildless husbandsC Childless wivesDWorking fathers23 The blurring of working womens roles refers to the fact that_
21、Athey are both breadwinners and housewivesBtheir home is also a place for kicking backCthere is often much housework left behindDit is difficult for them to leave their office24.The word “moola”(Line4，Para 4)most probably means_AenergyBskillsCearningsDnutrition25.The home front differs from the work
22、place in that_Ahome is hardly a cozier working environmentBdivision of labor at home is seldom clear-cutChousehold tasks are generally more motivatingDfamily labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent wit
23、h a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recru
24、it more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap based on social class according to the depressing beginning of a paper f
25、orthcoming in the journal Psychological Science。But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour next-to-no-cost program)can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grade
26、s)between first-generation and other students。The authors of the paper are from different universities and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year colle
27、ge degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively modest interventi
28、on could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narr
29、owed to close the achievement gap。Many first-generation students struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the rules of the game, and take advantage of college resources” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages dont talk about the class advantage and
30、 disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students educational experience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students like them can improve26. Recr
31、uiting more first-generation students hasAreduced their dropout ratesBnarrowed the achievement gapC missed its original purposeDdepressed college students27 The author of the research article are optimistic becauseAthe problem is solvableBtheir approach is costlessq the recruiting rate has increased
32、Dtheir finding appeal to students28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration studentsAstudy at private universitiesBare from single-parent familiesq are in need of financial supportDhave failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation studentsAare actually indiffe
33、rent to the achievement gapBcan have a potential influence on other studentsC may lack opportunities to apply for research projectsDare inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We may infer from the last paragraph thatAuniversities often rect the culture of the middle-classBstudents are u
34、sually to blame for their lack of resourcesCsocial class greatly helps en rich educational experiencesDcolleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3Even in traditional offices，“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than i
35、t was 20 years ago，said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn She started spinning off examples。“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey mission passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectiv
36、es，but we didnt talk about energy;we didnt talk about passion。”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented-and not by coincidence。“Lets not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，its still a big deal. Its not explicitly conscious;its the idea that I
37、m a coach，and youre my team，and were in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win。These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khurana points out，increase allegia
38、nce to the firm。“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，”said KhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasin
39、gly loud debates over work-life balance The “mommy wars” of the 1990s a re still going on today prompting arguments about why women still cant have it all and books like Sheryl Sandbergs Lean In，whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，and cap
40、acity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But if your work is your “passion” youll be more likely to devote yourself to it，even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone make
41、s fun of it，but manage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb it As Nunberg said，“You can get people to think its nonsense at the same time that you buy into it。” In a workplace thats fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning office speak can help you figu
42、re out how you relate to your work-and how your work defines who you are31. According to NancyKoehn office language has become_Amore e motionalBmore objectiveCless energeticDless energeticEless strategic32.“team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_Ahistorical incidentsBgender differ
43、enceCsports cultureDathletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to_Arevive historical termsBpromote company imageCfoster corporate cooperationDstrengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_Avoices for working womenBappeals to passionate workaholics
44、Ctriggers debates among mommiesDpraises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?AManagers admire it but avoid itBLinguists believe it to be nonsenseCCompanies find it to be fundamentalDRegular people mock it but accept itText4Many people talked of the 28800
45、0new jobs the Labor Department reported for Jure along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment but at least we are now fin
46、ally moving forward at a faster pace。However there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830000(44 percent)above its year ago level。Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in