《2021年高考英语总复习知识点精讲精析与高考试题预测 Unit 2 English around the world 人教版大纲第一册.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年高考英语总复习知识点精讲精析与高考试题预测 Unit 2 English around the world 人教版大纲第一册.doc（11页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、第一册Unit 2 English around the world I单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1pronunciation 2Minority 3totaily 4equally 5organize/organise 6globe 7service 8independence9south 10Europe 1 1comparison 12Replacement高考须掌握的短语：1at 2in 3mother 4for 5up 6with 7in 8many 9or 10in 1l_adout 考点过关 过关斩将 一考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1ma
2、jority n 多数；大半 eg：A/The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmfulto health大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。相关链接：minority n少数；小半用法拓展be in the majority占多数 be in the minority占少数案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 (典型例题In the election，the people who have voted for the present government are the majonty Aon Bin Cwith Dfor考题1点拨：答案为B。考查词
3、组be in the majority“占多数”。句意为：“在选举中，支持现政府的人占多数。”2 service n服务；服务性工作eg： The service in the restaurant is good这家餐馆的服务很好。相关链接：serve vt 为服务；提供饭等 vi服役用法拓展：at ones service听差遣；随时准备为做事/供使用 be of service to sb help sbor be useful to sb能帮助某人；对某 人有用处serve sbas 作用/起作用 be in service在使用中 serve as担当；担任考题2 (典型例题分)-G
4、ood morning, Grand Hotel. -Hello, ld like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th. A. What can I do for you? B. Just a minute, please. C. Whats the matter? D. At your service.考题2点拨：答案为B。在对方已经明确提出要求时用A项，不合乎情理；B项属于一种顺承、合理的回答；c项用于询问有何问题或有何障碍，用于此语境显然不舍适；D项干扰性最大，at your service是随时听候差遣的意思，在此语境中不
5、合适。3except prep除了eg： We all went to the cinema except Tom 除了汤姆，我们都去看电影了。相关链接Besides prep“除之外，还有” but prep“除之外”，与except同义。用法拓展：except for后接名词或代词，“除之外”，表示局部修正主句的说法。 except that/when后接从句。“除之外/除当的时候”。 考题3-1 (典型例题) flowers, the pupils sent their teacher a nice greeting card for her birthday. A. Beside B.
6、 Except for C. Besides D. Except考题3-2 (典型例题分) Is your grandpa still with you? - No. He still prefers to live in the small mountain village all its disadvantages. A. for B. except C. with D. to考题31点拨：答案为C。besides表示“除之外，还有”，except表示“除了”，beside表示“在的旁边”，except for时主句作局部的修正。句意为：“除了鲜花，学生们还为他们的老师送上了漂亮的贺卡作生
7、岢礼物。考题32点拨：答案为c。句意为：“尽管乡村有它的弱点，爷爷还是喜欢住在那里。4knowledge n知识eg：KnoWledge is power知识就是力量。相关链接：knowledge统指“知识”时不可数但可以与a连用，特别是 有修饰语时，表示某一方面的知识。用法拓展：to my knowledge据我所知 get/gain knowIedge获得知识考题4 (典型例题 分) Many people agree that of English is a must in international trade today. A. knowledge B. a knowledge C.
8、 the knowledge D. knowledges考题4点拨：答案为B。knowledge与a连用，特指某一方面的知识。句意为：“好多人都认为在如今的国际贸易中，英语方面的知识是一种必须的条件。” 5compare v比较；比作 eg：If you compare both of our cars，youll find they are very mUCh alike如果比较一下我们的两部车子，你会发现彼此很相似。相关链接：comparision n比较用法拓展：compare to把比作comparewith把与相比 beyond/past/without compare无与伦比 特别
9、提醒：compared to/with是固定搭配，单独用作状语，表示与相比。 eg： cprepared to/Wlth Paris，Iondon is large与巴黎相比，伦敦较大。考题5-2 (典型例题In his no vels。he often compared ones life a riverAby Bwith Cfor Dto考题5-3 I was struck by the beautiful sightIts beauty was compare Ato Bwith Cbevond Din考题51点拨；答案为D。compare tg一把比作。句意为：“在他的小说中，他常常把
10、生命比作河流。”考题5-2点拨：答案为C。beyond compare无与伦比。句意为：“我被这美丽的景色所打动，它的美简直无与伦比。”6end vt& vi结束eg： The party ended at midnight晚会在午夜结束。 He ended his Ietter with good wishes to the family他在信末祝福全家人。相关链接：end n结束 at the end of在的尽头 by the end of到为止用法拓展：end in以为结果 end(up)with以而结束 put an end to结束/终止 come to an end告终；完结 i
11、n the end最后；终于lTlake(both)ends meet使收支相抵 without end无尽的；无限的 考题6-1 (典型例题 分)If you go on doing such things, youll end up prison. A. with B. as C. in D. to考题6-2 Hard as he worked, he couldnt make _ meet. A. end B ends C. eroding D. ended考题61点拨:答案为c。end up in prison以坐牢而告终。句意为：“如果你继续做那样的事，你就会以掌牢而告终。”考题62
12、点拨：答案为B。make(both)ends meet使收支相抵。句意为：“尽管他卖力地工作，但还是做不到收支相抵。”二、重点短语7mote or Iss或多或少；大体上；在一定程度上eg： The work is more or less finished这项工作大体上完成了。 I think its more or less a crime我认为这多少是一种犯罪行为。考题7 (典型例题)We all write , even when there is not much to say. A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more
13、 or less考题7点拨：答案为A。从该题even when theres not mach to say这一信息可知，本题空意指时问。now and then相当于ftom time to time。sometimes和occasionally；by and bysoon step by step=graduailyl D项more or less修饰名词，但也可修饰形容词、动词作状语。more or lessabout时，放在所修饰词的后面。It is an hours journey，more or 1ess修饰形容词时，放在动词的前面。The book is niore or les
14、s helpful修饰动词时，放在动词的前面。He can more or less write some poems该题若把空设在write的前面，D项也对。 8have diffjcuIty(in)doing sth做某事有困难 eg： We had difficulty(in)working out the probIem我们做出这道题有困难。用法拓展：have trouble(in)doing sth一have dfficulty(in)doing sth做某事有困难 have much/little/no dIfficulty(in)doing sth做某事有很多/很少/没有困难ha
15、ve difficulty/trouble with sth做某事有困难考题8 Does your brothernave any English? Adifficulty learning BdifficuIty to learn CdifficuIties in learning Ddifficulties to learn考题8点拨：答案为A。have difficuIty(in)doing sth是固定词组，difficuhy在这个词组搭配中用作不可数名词，介词in可省略。句意为：“你哥哥学习英语有困难吗?”三、重点交际用语9Could you speak a bt slOWly，pl
16、ease?请你说得稍慢些好吗?、a bit可以修饰形容词、副词的原级或比较级，与a littIe相同。 eg： Im a bit/a little tired我有点累了。 Its a bit/a little warmer today今天天气暖和了些。用法拓展：(1)not a little=very much相当多；非常not a bit=not at a11一点也不(2)a bit of+n一点/一些a little+n一点/一些考题9一Are you feeling tired after the game? 一 In factI feel quite relaxed ANot a li
17、ttIe BNot a bit CNot little DNot bit考题9点拨:答案为B。not a bit一点也不。根据后面，“事实上我感觉很轻松。”可得出B这个选项。10Can you say it in a djffetent way?你能用一种不同的方式表达吗? in away用的方法用法拓展：in the way/in ones way妨碍/挡住某人的路 by the way顺便说一下/顺便问问in a way从某种意义/程度上说 by way of经由；取道lose ones way迷路 make ones way进行；努力向前alI the way一路上特别提醒；(1)bym
18、eans用的方式 withmethod用方法 (2)way作先行词，后面的定语从句可用in which/that或不用引导词来连接。考题10-1 (典型例题 分) They have made up their to make their to the front. A. mindsway B. minds; ways C. minds; way D. minds ways考题10-2 ( 典型例题 分 ) If you drive from the airport, go On the motor way and follow the to the city. A. points B. wa
19、rnings C. signs D. way考题101点拨;答案为c。make up ones raind“下决心干某事”。raind单复数随ones的单复数发生变化；make ones way“排除困难前进”，way在此搭配中是不可敷名词。 考题102点拨：答案为c。follOW the signs表示“顺着路标”。向意为：“如果你从机场开车行驶，(你可以)走公路腰着路标到达城市。”四、重点句型11HOW did these djfferences come about?这些不同是如何产生的? come abouthappen/take place产生；发生；改变方向(不用于被动语态)eg：
20、 Many quarrels come about through a misunderstanding许多争执都是由于误会而产生的。 可用it作形式主语，后面用that引导主语从句：It comes about that是产生的。考题11 (典型例题How, did it _ that he won the first prize of lottery tickets again? A. come along B. come on C. come up D. come about考题11点拨：答案为D。come along同一起;come on鼓励/劝说时所用的口语; come up提出；上
21、来；发芽; come about产生；发生。此句用了一个固定句式lt comes about that。句意为：“他怎么又一次赢得彩票的一等奖?”12Joe is an Amerjcml who has come to Brltain for the first time 乔是个第一次到英国的美国人。 forthe first time单独用作状语，指第一次做某事。 the Tirst time“首次，第一次”，可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。 eg： The first time I met her，I knew we wonld be good friends 我第一次见到她，我就知道我们会
22、成为好朋友。 类似的用法还有：the moment，the minutethe first sight，every time，each time等. It is/was/will be the fjrst time后接句子，强调到说话时为止某一情况或动作的次数，句子中常用完成时态，it可换用this/that，first也可换用其他序数词。eg： This is the first time I have been to Beijing这是我第一次去北京。 That was the first time I had left my hometown那是我第一次离开家乡。 Its time fo
23、r sbto do sth是某人干某事的时候了。此句式还可用：Its time sbdid sth来表示。 eg： Its time for us to have supper/Its time we had supper是我们用晚餐的时候了。考题12-1 It is the second time that I in Shanghai. What great changes have taken place in Shanghai!It is ten years since I it lasttime. A. have been; left B. had been; left C. have
24、s had left D. went; had left考题12-2 The telephone three, times in the last hour, and each time it for my father. A. had rung; was B. has rung; was C. rang; has been D. has been ringing; is考题12-3 You shall leave now. Its high time you to school. A. go B. went C. going D. gone考题121点拨：答案为A。此题关键看出Its the
25、 second time that句式中，应用现在完_成时态，since衷示从某一时刘起，用一般过去时态，故答案为A。句意为：“这是我第二次到上海。上海发生多么巨大的变化啊!自从上次离开。已是十年时间了。”考题122点拨：答案为B。in the past/last+段时间作时间状语，通常与完成时连用，后丰部分each time作状语指过去“每次”，因此答案为B。句意为：“在过去的一小时里电话响了三次每次都是找我父亲的。”考题123点拨。答案为B。考查句式Its time sbdid xth句意为：“你得走了，早该是你上学的时候了。”13 “with+宾语+宾补”结构 一般被称作是with的复合
26、结构，可用来补充说明；更多的情况下作方式状语，表示伴随的动作或状态。 with+宾语+介词短语eg： In the middle of china lies Hubei Province，with its capital on the Yangtze River湖北省位 于中国的中部，它的省会在长江之滨。 The teacher was wal king up and down，with a book in her 1eft hand老师左手拿着一本书， 正在走来走去。 with+宾语+现在分词eg： He lay on his back，with his eyes looking up in
27、to the sky他躺着，眼瞅着天空。 with+宾语+过去分词eg： with his homework done，he went out to play完成作业他就出去玩耍。 with+宾语十不定式短语eg： with the guide to lead us，we wtll have no difficulty finding his house有导游带路，我们将 不费力地找到他的家。 with+宾语+形容词 eg： He is used to sleeping With the windOW open at night in summer他已习惯夏天开窗睡觉。 with+宾词+副词e
28、g： He often sleeps with the light on他经常开着灯睡觉。 考题13-1 (典型例题) With a lot of difficult problems , the manager felt wor-ried all the time. A. settled B. settle C. settling D. to settle考题13-2 (典型例题分) He left the post office with all the magazines he needed _ A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought考
29、题131点拨：答案为D。从后面“经理一直很担心”可看出，问题要解决。考题132点拨：答案为c。从主句“他离开邮局”可知，他已经买了需要的所有杂志,用过去分词bought作宾补，表被动和完成。五、词语辨析 14a number of，the number of a number of“一些；若干”，和复数名词或代词连用，后面的动词也用复数形式。 eg： A number of my friends are against the plan我的若干朋友都反对这个计划。 the number of的数量(数目)”介词of同其后的名词构成介词短语，作 定语修饰the humber，当它作主语时，谓语动
30、词用单数。 eg： The number of the students standing there is about twenty站在那边的学生数目大约是二十。考题14 (典型例题 分)The number of people present at the meeting about one thou-sand, a large number of whom experts from abroad. A. was; was B. was; were C. were; were D. were; was考题14点拨：答案为B。the humber of+单数谓语动词；a nLIYllber
31、of+复数谓语动词。句意为：“出席会议的人数大约一千，他们当中的若干人是来自于国外的专家。”15Sitaation，state，gobdition situatlon“情况；形势；局面”，主要是指各种情况之间的相互关系及该情况与有关人士之间的关系，强调相互之间的联系和影响。 eg： He is in a difficult situation他处境艰难。 the international situation国际形势 state“状态；状况”，常与不定冠词连用，只有单数形式与介词in搭配使用。 eg： She is in a good state of mind她心情不错。 Condition
32、“状况；环境”，指周围环境时常用复数形式，与介词in或under搭配使用。 eg：living conditions居住状况/环境 He is in no condition to travei他的健康状况不宜旅行。考题15-1(典型例题she is in a poor of healthAs a result，she has to give up herjob ADosition Bsituation Cstate Dcondition考题15-2(典型例题when you play footbaIl，what do you play? Asituation Bplace Cpart Dpo
33、sition考题151点拨：答案为c。state与a连用指一种状况，状态，be in a p6or state of health指健康状况很差。句意：“她健康状况很差，结果，不得不放弃工作。”考题152点拨：答案为D。play a position踢某个位置;play a part扮演某个角色。句意为：“踢球时，你踢哪个位置?”语法归纳 精通规则 游刃有余直接引语和间接引语(二)祈使句和疑问句在间接引语中的用法：1祈使句的基本结构有下列几种类型： (1)Please+v(动词原形)或v(动词原形)(+please) eg： OK，listen carefully，please那么，请仔细听。
34、 (2)Dont+v(动词原形)(+please) eg： Dont touch anything without permission未经允许不准碰任何东西。 (3)Let+abj(宾语)+v(动词原形)/not+v(动词原形) eg： Lets tidy the laboratory and put everything back in the cupboards让我们来收拾实验室，把所有的东西放回器皿柜里吧。 2祈使语气委婉的句型： (1)“Will/Would/Can/Could you please+v(动词原形)?”eg： Will/Would/Can/Could you plea
35、se give us instructions for using the laboratory?请给我们讲讲使用实验室的规则好吗? (2)“Would you mind+t，-ing?” eg：Would you mind allowing us to use the basin by the side of the cupboard?请允许我们使用器皿柜旁边的洗脸盆，好吗? (3)“Why not+v(动词原形)?”eg： Why not do as your teacher teIls you to? 为什么不按你们老师吩咐的去做呢? (4)“祈使句，+附加疑问句?” Let us do
36、，will you/wont you? eg： Let us do the ex+perlment ourselves，will/wont you?允许我们自己做实验，好吗? “Lets do，shall we/shant W : eg： Lets make sure the lights are turned off and the door is locked，shall/shant we?让我们核实一下关灯和锁门的事吧，好吗? “Let me do，will you/wont you/may I?”eg： Let me tidy the lab with you，may I?我和你收拾实
37、验室，好吗? “Do，will，wont/would/you/can/cant/coula you?” eg： Show me how to use this water pump。Wont you? 教我怎样使用这台抽水泵，好吗? “Dont dowill you?eg： Dont touch papers on my desk，will you?别碰我书桌上的文件，好吗?考题点拨：答案为D。本句为祈使句变为问接引语。考题 I said to hIm，“please go”I him to go Apleased Bsaid to Cordered DaskedIV专题探究 由点及面 由表及
38、里专题探究：如何写好人物介绍式书面表达专题详解： 人物介绍式书面表达是书面表达的重要内容，写好人物介绍式书面表达是写作的基本能力。做此类书面表达要注意以下几个方面的问题： (1)强化时态意识。人物介绍式书面表达在时态上具有明显的自我特色，介绍人物的现状用一般现在时，介绍人物的简历用一般过去时，介绍人物的未来情况用一般将来时，但不少同学时态意识不强，他们在写作时不认真思考、分析，随意使用时态，要么一律用一般现在时，要么将一般现在时或一般过去时随意交替使用等，造成了许多非水平因素的失分。因此，应强化时态意识。 (2)重视主谓一致性。主谓语一致是人物介绍式书面表达易出错误之一，尤其是当主语为第三人称
39、单数时。当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词应用单数形式，但不少同学一律用复数形式，有时主语为复数时却又使用单数形式。(3)注意句式前后照应。在介绍人物的姓名、性别、年龄、职业等现状时不少同学过分追求使用复杂的句式，例如使用主语后边加上同位语或破折号引导的解释性修饰语或定语从句句型，但在使用这些句型时忘记了后边应有的谓语动词，从而造成考题 囤以下是你最好的朋友高明的一份调查表，请据此写一篇介绍朋友的短文。字数100左右。句子成分的严重残缺，因此，影响了表达的准确性。 (4)写好文章开头和结尾，为了使人物介绍式书面表达具有照应性，同学们应认真写好开篇交代句和结尾总结句。写开篇交代句时因尚未交代人物详
40、情，可适当写得笼统一些，但写结尾总结句时因人物详情已作介绍，因此宜写得具体一些，针对性强一些。本文开头句可用1 will never forget my friend，结尾可用Such is myfriend。 (5)熟练运用常见句型，人物介绍式书面表达有不少句型在很多场合是有规律性出现的，除了叙述人物姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好的有关句型以外，还有下列一些句型：He works hardHe is good atHe is kind toIn the meantime he can get along/on well withHe is often praised byAll of
41、us respect and love him deeplyName: Gao Ming Address: 181 Xinhua Road, Tangshan Telephone : 2823198 Postal code.-063500 E-mail : gaoming 263. net Date of birth:3ofh October, 1992 OccuPation: Study in No. 2 Middle School Height: 1.72m 考题点拨：(例文) Gao Ming,my best friend,is 1.72 metres tall,with black h
42、air. Born on 3ofh October, 1992,he is now a middle School student. Gao Ming is studying in No. 2 Middle School. His native language is Chinese and he studies English as his foreign language. He is very interested in singing, drawing, dancing and reading. Everyone likes him because he is a good, kind
43、 student. If you want to make friends with him, here is his address: 181 Xinhua Road, Tangshan, postal code063500. His telephone number is 2823198, e-mail:gaoming263, net.点评：my best friend作同位语，使句式简洁；恰当运用Born on 3ofh October，1992，突出了句式的多样化；运用中学阶段熟知的短语be in terested in，make friends with等，体现了基本功扎实这一特点。
44、 总评：介绍人物以一般现在时为主。灵活运用各种句式，使表达上句型多样化。如with black hair；born on等。适当补充细节，使文章显得生动，如：Everyone likes him because he is a good，kind student V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回顾1 测试考点5 (典型例题)_ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared1D点拨：此题关键是看出compared with结构when不会对此句式造成影响。句意为：“当与整个地球的大小相比时，最大的海洋看上去也一点