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1、面向对象程序设计实验指导书黄利萍 刘国奇东北大学软件学院2023.9目 录面向对象程序设计0实验指导书0前 言2实验规定3Experiment 1 Implementing the Collections in the Gourmet Coffee System（4 Hours）4Background4Description4Files12Tasks13Experiment 2 Using Design Patterns in the Gourmet Coffee System（4 Hours）16Background16Description16Files23Tasks23Experimen
2、t 3 Using File I/O in the Gourmet Coffee System（4 Hours）26Background26Description26Files31Tasks32Experiment 4 Implementing a GUI for the Gourmet Coffee System（4 Hours）35Background35Description35Files38Tasks39前 言面向对象的思想可以渗透到需求分析、系统建模、体系结构设计、程序设计与实现、系统测试等多个方面，它是描述现实世界复杂对象的相称直接并且直观的有效手段，对于提高系统质量、开发效率和代
3、码重用率，都有明显的效果。面向对象程序设计课程是软件工程专业的重要专业基础课程之一，该门课程注重实践性和实用性，重要通过面向对象程序设计思想和Java语言结合起来，让学生掌握面向对象程序设计思想，以及纯熟使用Java语言进行面向对象的编程，因此学生不能满足于只听懂老师讲授的课堂内容，看懂书上的程序，应将课堂教学与实践环节紧密结合，使得学生加深对讲授内容的理解，学会上机调试程序。也就是善于发现程序中的错误，并且能不久地排除这些错误，使程序能对的运营。面向对象程序设计是结合卡耐基梅隆大学的SSD3而形成的课程，该课程的教学体系和实验体系都很完整，并且东北大学软件学院也提供了良好的教学实验环境，希望
4、同学们可以充足运用实验条件，认真完毕实验，从实验中得到应有的锻炼和培养。希望同学们在使用本实验指导书及进行实验的过程中，可以帮助我们不断地发现问题，并提出建议，使面向对象程序设计真正可以帮助同学们学习。实验规定面向对象程序设计课程实验的目的是为了使学生在课堂学习的同时，通过一系列的实验，使学生加深了解和更好地掌握面向对象程序设计课程教学大纲规定的内容。在面向对象程序设计的课程实验过程中，规定学生做到：（1）预习实验指导书有关部分，认真做好实验内容的准备，就实验也许出现的情况提前作出思考和分析。（2）仔细观测调试程序过程中出现的各种问题，记录重要问题，作出必要说明和分析。（3）遵守机房纪律，服从
5、辅导教师指挥，爱惜实验设备。（4）实验课程不迟到，如有事不能出席，所缺实验一般不补。（5）本实验采用的开发环境为Eclipse，同学在做实验之前规定熟悉该集成开发环境。 Experiment 1 Implementing the Gourmet Coffee System(4 Hours)Prerequisites, Goals, and OutcomesPrerequisites: Before you begin this exercise, you need mastery of the following: Object Oriented Programming o Knowledge
6、 of class design Class attributes Constructors Accessor methods Mutator methods o Knowledge of inheritance How to implement a specialization/generalization relationship using inheritance Goals: Reinforce your ability to implement Java classes using inheritance. Outcomes: You will demonstrate mastery
7、 of the following: Implementing the constructors, accessors, and mutators of a Java class Using inheritance to implement a specialization/generalization relationship Background This assignment asks you to implement some of the classes in the Gourmet Coffee System specified on Exercise 2.DescriptionI
8、n this assessment, you will implement the classes and relationships illustrated in the following class diagram:Figure 1 Portion of Gourmet Coffee System class diagramThe class specifications are as follows:Class ProductThe class Product models a generic product in the store.Instance variables: code.
9、 The unique code that identifies the product description. A short description of the product price. The price of the product Constructor and methods: public Product(String initialCode, String initialDescription, double initialPrice)Constructor that initializes the instance variables code, descriptio
10、n, and price. public String getCode(). Returns the value of instance variable code. public String getDescription(). Returns the value of instance variable description. public double getPrice(). Returns the value of instance variable price. boolean equals(Object object). Overrides the method equals i
11、n the class Object. Two Product objects are equal if their codes are equal. String toString(). Overrides the method toString in the class Object. Returns the string representation of a Product object. The String returned has the following format: code_description_priceThe fields are separated by an
12、underscore ( _ ). You can assume that the fields themselves do not contain any underscores.Class CoffeeThe class Coffee models a coffee product. It extends class Product.Instance variables: origin. The origin of the coffee roast. The roast of the coffee flavor. The flavor of the coffee aroma. The ar
13、oma of the coffee acidity. The acidity of the coffee body. The body of the coffee Constructor and methods: public Coffee(String initialCode, String initialDescription, double initialPrice, String initialOrigin, String initialRoast, String initialFlavor, String initialAroma, String initialAcidity, St
14、ring initialBody)Constructor that initializes the instance variables code, description, price, origin, roast, flavor, aroma, acidity, and body. public String getOrigin(). Returns the value of instance variable origin. public String getRoast(). Returns the value of instance variable roast. public Str
15、ing getFlavor(). Returns the value of instance variable flavor. public String getAroma(). Returns the value of instance variable aroma. public String getAcidity(). Returns the value of instance variable acidity. public String getBody(). Returns the value of instance variable body. String toString().
16、 Overrides the method toString in the class Object. Returns the string representation of a Coffee object. The String returned has the following format: code_description_price_origin_roast_flavor_aroma_acidity_bodyThe fields are separated by an underscore ( _ ). You can assume that the fields themsel
17、ves do not contain any underscores.Class CoffeeBrewerClass CoffeeBrewer models a coffee brewer. It extends class Product.Instance variables: model. The model of the coffee brewer waterSupply. The water supply (Pour-over or Automatic) numberOfCups. The capacity of the coffee brewer Constructor and me
18、thods: public CoffeeBrewer(String initialCode, String initialDescription, double initialPrice, String initialModel, String initialWaterSupply, int initialNumberOfCups)Constructor that initializes the instance variables code, description, price, model, waterSupply, and numberOfCups. public String get
19、Model(). Returns the value of instance variable model. public String getWaterSupply(). Returns the value of instance variable waterSupply. public int getNumberOfCups(). Returns the value of instance variable numberOfCups. String toString(). Overrides the method toString in the class Object. Returns
20、the string representation of a CoffeeBrewer object. The String returned has the following format: code_description_price_model_waterSupply_numberOfCupsThe fields are separated by an underscore ( _ ). You can assume that the fields themselves do not contain any underscores.Class OrderItemClass OrderI
21、tem models an item in an order. Instance variables: product. This instance variable represents the one-way association between OrderItem and Product. It contains a reference to a Product object. quantity. The quantity of the product in the order. Constructor and methods: public OrderItem(Product ini
22、tialProduct, int initialQuantity)Constructor that initializes the instance variables product and quantity. public Product getProduct(). Returns the value of the instance variable product, a reference to a Product object. public int getQuantity(). Returns the value of the instance variable quantity.
23、public void setQuantity(int newQuantity). Sets the instance variable quantity to the value of parameter newQuantity. public double getValue(). Returns the product of quantity and price. String toString(). Overrides the method toString in the class Object. Returns the string representation of an Orde
24、rItem object. The String representation has the following format: quantity product-code product-priceThe fields are separated by a space. You can assume that the fields themselves do not contain any spaces.Test driver classesComplete implementations of the following test drivers are provided in the
25、student archive. Use these test drivers to verify that your code works correctly. Class TestProduct Class TestCoffee Class TestCoffeeBrewer Class TestOrderItem FilesThe following files are needed to complete this assignment: student-files.zip Download this file. This archive contains the following:
26、o TestProduct.java o TestCoffee.java o TestCoffeeBrewer.java o TestOrderItem.java Tasks Implement classes Product, Coffee, CoffeeBrewer, and OrderItem. Document using Javadoc and follow Suns code conventions. The following steps will guide you through this assignment. Work incrementally and test eac
27、h increment. Save often. 1. Extract the files by issuing the following command at the command prompt: C:unzip student-files.zip 2. Then, implement class Product from scratch. Use TestProduct driver to test your implementation. 3. Next, implement class Coffee from scratch. Use TestCoffee driver to te
28、st your implementation. 4. Then, implement class CoffeeBrewer from scratch. Use TestCoffeeBrewer driver to test your implementation. 5. Finally, implement class OrderItem from scratch. Use TestOrderItem driver to test your implementation. SubmissionUpon completion, submit only the following:1. Produ
29、ct.java 2. Coffee.java 3. CoffeeBrewer.java 4. OrderItem.java Experiment 2 Implementing the Collections in the Gourmet Coffee System (4 Hours) Prerequisites, Goals, and OutcomesPrerequisites: Before you begin this exercise, you need mastery of the following: Collections o Use of class ArrayList o Us
30、e of iterators Goals: Reinforce your ability to implement classes that use collections Outcomes: You will demonstrate mastery of the following: Implementing a Java class that uses collections Background In this assignment, you will implement the classes in the Gourmet Coffee System that use collecti
31、ons.DescriptionThe following class diagram of the Gourmet Coffee System highlights the classes that use collections:Figure 2 Gourmet Coffee System class diagramComplete implementations of the following classes are provided in the student archive: Coffee CoffeeBrewer Product OrderItem GourmetCoffee I
32、n this assignment, you will implement the following classes: Catalog Order Sales GourmetCoffee The class specifications are as follows:Class CatalogThe class Catalog models a product catalog. This class implements the interface Iterable to being able to iterate through the products using the for-eac
33、h loop.Instance variables: products An ArrayList collection that contains references to instances of class Product. Constructor and public methods: public Catalog() Creates the collection products, which is initially empty. public void addProduct(Product product) Adds the specified product to the co
34、llection products. public Iterator iterator() Returns an iterator over the instances in the collection products. public Product getProduct(String code) Returns a reference to the Product instance with the specified code. Returns null if there are no products in the catalog with the specified code. p
35、ublic int getNumberOfProducts() Returns the number of instances in the collection products. Class OrderThe class Order maintains a list of order items. This class implements the interface Iterable to being able to iterate through the items using the for-each loop.Instance variables: items An ArrayLi
36、st collection that contains references to instances of class OrderItem. Constructor and public methods: public Order() Creates the collection items, which is initially empty. public void addItem(OrderItem orderItem) Adds the specified order item to the collection items. public void removeItem(OrderI
37、tem orderItem) Removes the specified order item from the collection items. public Iterator iterator() Returns an iterator over the instances in the collection items. public OrderItem getItem(Product product) Returns a reference to the OrderItem instance with the specified product. Returns null if th
38、ere are no items in the order with the specified product. public int getNumberOfItems() Returns the number of instances in the collection items. public double getTotalCost() Returns the total cost of the order. Class SalesThe class Sales maintains a list of the orders that have been completed. This
39、class implements the interface Iterable to being able to iterate through the orders using the for-each loop.Instance variables: orders An ArrayList collection that contains references to instances of class Order. Constructor and public methods: public Sales() Creates the collection orders, which is
40、initially empty. public void addOrder(Order order) Adds the specified order to the collection orders. public Iterator iterator() Returns an iterator over the instances in the collection orders. public int getNumberOfOrders() Returns the number of instances in the collection orders. Class GourmetCoff
41、eeThe class GourmetCoffee creates a console interface to process store orders. Currently, it includes the complete implementation of some of the methods. The methods displayNumberOfOrders and displayTotalQuantityOfProducts are incomplete and should be implemented. The following is a screen shot of t
42、he interface:Figure 3 Execution of GourmetCoffeeInstance variables: catalog A Catalog object with the products that can be sold. currentOrder An Order object with the information about the current order. sales A Sales object with information about all the orders sold by the store. Constructor and pu
43、blic methods: public GourmetCoffeeSolution() Initializes the attributes catalog, currentOrder and sales. This constructor is complete and should not be modified. public void displayCatalog Displays the catalog. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void displayProductInfo() Prom
44、pts the user for a product code and displays information about the specified product. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void displayOrder() Displays the products in the current order. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void addModifyProduct() Prompts
45、the user for a product code and quantity. If the specified product is not already part of the order, it is added; otherwise, the quantity of the product is updated. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void removeProduct() Prompts the user for a product code and removes the spe
46、cified product from the current order. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void saleOrder() Registers the sale of the current order. This method is complete and should not be modified. public void displayOrdersSold() Displays the orders that have been sold. This method is complete and