2022年高中英语完形填空精析精练专题九说明文完形填空解题指导与训练.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高考英语完形填空精析精练【考点定位】说明文 完形填空解题指导与训练9 2022 考纲解读和近几年考点分布说明文在完形填空中所占的比例不大,但是由于其能很好地考查考生对人、事或物的表达才能,所以在高考完形填空中也常有显现;说明文文体的完形填空难度一般低于阅读懂得;在设空方而充分表达了对考生学问运用的要求 :以实词为主,对名词、动词、形容词和副词等的考查比例约占 90%,绝人多数题目的解答都要从全文的角度进行判定,这一命题思路表达了“ 语篇意识” ;说明文文体的完形填空一般用言简意赅的文字,依据肯定的方法 介绍事物,说明事理,其最显著的特点是 :开
2、头点题,结构条理;考生做题的关键在于理清文章结构,把握全文大意;常见的说明文有自我介绍、人物介绍(传记)、地方介绍、习俗介绍、节日介绍、方法(步骤)介绍,产品说明、试验报告、科普小品、读书报告和新闻报 道等;这类文章主要有以下几个特点:1. 内容的客观性;说明文客观地说明、介绍、说明或报道客观的人物、事物或发生的现象,使 读者猎取肯定的信息或学问,语言直白,没有主观的评论或情感的抒发;2. 篇章的条理性;说明文层次分明,脉落清楚,有条有理;有的按空间次序进行说明,有的按 时间次序进行说明,有的按因果关系进行说明, 有的按先主后次的次序进行说明,有的先概述后举例,有的先举例后概述,也有的按事情的
3、规律关系绽开(如:解 析为什么,如何做等方面的问题) ,等等;3. 语言的淳朴性;说明文的目的是让读者猎取信息,明白事理,因此,文章的作者会用淳朴、易懂和精确的语言或使用数据进行说明,不浮夸,不加描述和谈论;【考点 pk】解题技巧名师考点透析要保证答题的速度和效率,可采纳以下解题技巧:1. 依据上下文的词语示意来挑选;找到上下文的相关信息, 特殊是有示意性的词语, 就简单找到正确的选项了;2. 依据上下文的行文规律来挑选;短文是由有肯定规律关系的句子组成的,任何一句话都不是孤立存在的, 而是要靠上下文作依靠, 相互之间存在肯定的联系; 只要我们把握好了空格上下文 的行文规律,再活用所学语言学问
4、,就能选出正确答案;3. 依据文化背景和生活常识来挑选;有时,从前所积存的文化背景学问和生活常识有利于正确解答完形填空题;4. 紧扣上下文,巧用排除法;有时,很难从正面确定答案, 特殊是答案碰巧是一个你不熟悉的单词,而其 他三个选项你都熟悉的时候,紧扣上下文,巧用排除法往往会给你惊喜;当然,有时一个技巧可以解一题,有时解一题需用到多个技巧和多项学问,而有时单凭语感就能找到答案;不管怎样, 不断积存语言学问, 丰富文化背景知识,提高快速阅读,特殊是跳读的才能,借鉴上述解题方法加以多练,并不断进名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
5、 - - 行反思和总结,就肯定会享受到解题的成功感;【精选试题】精析精练(安徽省合肥市 2022 年高三第三次教学质量检测)Children and young people tend to have certain role models people they want to be like when they grow 36 . Though 37 children would have wished to copy their mother, father or a n 38 relative, gradually these role models are thought of as
6、 famous people or popular 39 . People have different opinions about 40 popular stars or other famous people are good role models for children. Charming models, such as Katie Price, are often admired and 41 by young girls. This is the biggest worry of parents and teachers. They wish to 42 the concept
7、 that success is achieved through hard work and 43 rather than an attractive looking. Most people tend to grow up to be those who are 44 home their parents or family friends. Some decide to be like their favorite teacher. A child who loves to 45 may want to grow to be the next Picasso or Van Gogh; S
8、omeone who loves to 46 might imagine themselves as a famous writer; if a child enjoys dancing, he or she 47 well admire a famous dancer, but this is not the 48 . A lot of dance students wish to be like their 49 teacher. Therefore, the job of a teacher is 50 just providing knowledge of a given subjec
9、t. They should be able to 51 their students trust and 52 them well. Helping youngsters to learn from models, to learn how to accept 53 with grace and losing with dignity, is central to any parent s or teachers job. Manners are very important and a dance teacher can 54 his or her position and influen
10、ce to 55 good behaviors to youngsters. 36Ayounger Bstronger Colder Dtaller 37Aat first Bat last Cat least Dat most 38Agenerous Bfavorite Cordinary Dhumorous 39Afans Bstars Csingers Ddancers 40Athat Bwhy Cwhether Dif 41Alooked down upon Bthought highly of Ccaught up with Dmade fun of 42Aencourage Bre
11、ceive Chold Dignore 43Aluck Bimagination Ceffort Dcreativity 44Asimilar to Bdifferent from Cfar from Dclose to 45Aread and write Bsing and dance Clisten and speak Ddraw and paint 名师归纳总结 46Awrite Bread Ctravel Dthink 第 2 页,共 20 页47Ashould Bmay Cmust Dneed 48Adeal Btrouble Cmatter Dcase 49Adance Bmusi
12、c Cart Dpiano 50Abetter than Bless than Cmore than Drather than 51Areceive Blose Cgain Daccept 52Acommunicate with Bkeep up with Dwinning Cnegotiate with Dput up with 53Achallenging Bfalling Cfailing - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 54Amake use of Blose control of Ctake charge of Dget rid of 55
13、Aturn Bpress Cintroduce Dpush 【文章大意】大多年轻人都有自己心目中崇拜的偶像,而且随着成长仍会变化;文章通过实例说明:老师的工作不仅是传授学问,更是以身作就;36【答案】 C 【解析】由语境知,当他们长大时成为他们心目中榜样的形象;故C 项正确;37【答案】 A 【解析】 similar to 相像; different from 不同于; far from 远离; close to 接近;联 系下文可知,大多数人长大后趋向于成为与家人接近的人;故 D 项正确;45【答案】 D 【解析】由 Picasso or Van Gogh可知 D 项正确;46【答案】 A
14、【解析】由 “ a famous writer知 A 项正确;47【答案】 B 【解析】联系语境知, 如一个孩子宠爱跳舞, 那么他或许很仰慕闻名的舞蹈演员;48【答案】 D 【解析】 deal交易,待遇; trouble 麻烦; matter 大事,缘由; case情形,实例;联系语境知,但这并不是实际情形;49【答案】 A 【解析】由语境知,很多舞蹈同学想成为像他们舞蹈老师那样的人;故 A 项正 确;50【答案】 C 【解析】联系上文知,一个老师的工作远远超过只是给同学传授学问;故 C 项 正确;51【答案】 C 【解析】由语境知,老师应当能够赢得同学的信任;gain 获得;52【答案】 A
15、 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【解析】communicate with 与 沟通;keep up、with 跟上;negotiate with 谈判;put up 而 th 容忍 ,由语境知,老师能和同学坦诚沟通;故 A 项正确;53【答案】 D 【解析】联系语境知,帮忙年轻人向榜样学习,文雅地接受成功,有尊严地看待失败:依据并列成分 “ with grace and losing withdignity 知 D 项正确;54【答案】 A 【解析】 make use of 利用; lose control o
16、f 失控; take charge of 负责; get rid of 摆脱;此处指舞蹈老师要利用自己的工作和影响,故 A 项正确;55【答案】 C 【解析】 turn to 转向; press to使紧贴,紧抱; introduce to 引入; push to 推向;由语境知,老师押好的行为方式引导给同学,故(2022 福建省一般高中毕业班质量检查)C 项符合语境;War, money and power are a few things that countries and people are concerned about. 36 I agree that those things
17、are important,I believe that everyone should start to 37 more on a growing problem global warming. Global warming will not only 38 our country and our generation, but a1so the entire 39 and future generations. It is 40 because the weather has been a lot warmer over the past few years, which 41 the m
18、elting(融解) of the ice in the Antarctic. This will soon cause water levels to 42 and flood parts of the world. Many people ignore this problem because they fee1 43 they cant do anything about it and have more 44 things to worry about. If we al1 45 so,then our ozone layer(臭氧层) will be 46 and the plane
19、t will no longer be able to make life continue to exist. We should do our best to limit the use of our planet s 47 resources(资源) and keep our air clean. 48 , future generations will suffer from our 49 . Some might feel that they cant stop global warming from 50 But if every single person does his or
20、 her part in keeping the air clean. then it will become a 51 effort. Sure, there are some things that cause pollution and that we wont be able lo 52 change. This may include cars burning oil,but we can 53 adjust some of these things. People can start carpooling, taking the bus, riding their bikes, o
21、r . 54 just walking. If everyone takes 55 now, I believe we can start seeing remarkable results within a few years. 36AWhen BAs CHow DThough 名师归纳总结 37Adepend Bfocus Chang Dremark 第 4 页,共 20 页38Aannoy Binterrupt Caffect Dconfuse 39Aworld Bcontinent Cindustry Dclimate 40Afailing Bcompleting Cchanging
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