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1、主谓一致的用法及专项练习题一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。1、语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2、意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。My family are having l
2、unch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。3、就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型1、单数名词(代词)/不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式；复数
3、名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2、“a great/ good many+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但“many a+名词”作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。A great many students in our
4、 school go to college in their teens.3、more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。4、表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积、价格，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。Ten miles isnt a long
5、 distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。Five minutes is enough.Four hundred francs is a lot of money.5、each and each ，every and every ;no and no ;many a and many a 等结构由于强调个体行为，因此谓语动词使用单数。但是each放在并列主语之后作同位语时，谓语动词不受影响。Each boy and each girl has got a new English-Chinese dictionary.No
6、 sound and no voice is heard for a long time .Every man and every woman is at work.每个男人和女人都在工作。We each have our own office. (作We的同位语)我们各有各的办公室。6、one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。 7、从句、不定式、动名词或短语作主语时谓语动词使用单数形式。To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is
7、good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。To say something is one thing , to do it is another .（to say something , to do 是不定式）“How do you do?” is not a question but a greeting .（How do you do ?是句子，作主语）(注意：what 引导主语从句时应注意其所指的具体内容来确定谓语的单复数。)What we need is more time ,while what they need are more doctors an
8、d medicines .8、what 从句作主语1) 一般来说，按照语法一致的原则，谓语动词要用单数形式；2) what从句中动词是并列谓语，表示复数意义，主句中的谓语动词用复数；What he said and what he did are not same.3) what 从句作主语，有时候主句的谓语动词与主句的表语一致。如果主句的表语是复数，主句谓语动词用复数，否则用单数。What we lack today is steel and concrete.What they have done is considered useful to the people.What the ma
9、n said under the oath was disputed by several other witnesses.What I am in need of is money.What he wants to get are some books.9、定语从句中的主谓一致1) 一般情况下，关系代词作从句主语时，从句谓语动词应和先行词在数上保持一致；2) 集体名词作先行词，被视作一个整体时，关系代词用which，从句谓语动词用单数；被视作若干个体的组合时，用who作关系代词，谓语动词用复数；常见的集体名词有：family, audience, class, club, governmen
10、t, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crow, firm, public, orchestra, company等。3) 先行词是“one of +复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数。如果先行词是“the right/ just the/ the only/ the very/ exactly the+ one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数。4) 强调句型中，形式主语it后总是接单数is/ was；强调主语时，从句谓语动词与被强调主语部分的数保持一致。She is the only one of the students who was pr
11、aised.It is not I but Mr. Green who is in charge of this company.I, who am your sincere friend, have never doubted the reason why you were late for my party.Each one of us who is now living in this city is destined to witness the remarkable Olympic Games.10、当主语由“all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent
12、/ half+ of+名词”构成时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。当all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent/ half单独作为主语时，根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。“All are present and all is going on well.” our teacher said.One fouth of the books have been sold out.Three fourths of the apple has gone bad.Three foutths of the surface of the earth is covered
13、with the sea.Those are mine, the rest are yours.All but one were here just now. All that I want to say is this.11、a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。A student or two has failed the exam.一两个学生考试不及格。 12、当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式；但“名词+as well a
14、s+名词”时，谓语动词一般应与第一个名词一致。Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。 The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.13、由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是
15、同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month .Bread and butter is my usual breakfast .14、people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family
16、,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。His family isnt large. 他家的人不多。My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。15、either , neither , each , one , the other , another , anybody , anyone , anything , somebody , someone , something , ever
17、ything ,everybody , everyone ,no one , nothing ,nobody 做主语时，谓语一般用单数。Neither of the two sentences is correct .Everything around us is matter . Is everyone here today.今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him.他有毛病。Nobody was in.没有人在家。(注意：none , neither, all ,any作主语时，谓语可用单数，也可用复数，具体取决于说话人的意思。)None of them o
18、wns/own a car .Neither of the boys are / is interested in geography.All are here. And all that can be done has been done.Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不正确。16、news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。The news is disappointing that a chemical works i
19、s to be built in the west of the city .17、以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等，No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。 18、由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or, eitheror，neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。Either my wi
20、fe or I am going.要么我去，要么我妻子去。Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.要么你,要么我,要么其他任何人知道答案。Not only you but also he is ready to leave.不仅你，而且他也准备离去。如果either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very interesting.19、如果主语是由“kind/ series/ sor
21、t/ type/ pile of +名词”构成时，谓语动词的数与修饰名词的kind, series, sort, type, pile等的数保持一致。因此，a series of, a kind of, a portion of+等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。但是，当主语由“名词+of this kind (sort, type等)构成时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.20、a variety of, a number of +名词复
22、数，动词要用复数形式; .而the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight houndred21、以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致There is a book and three pens on the desk. Here are some books and paper for you.22、“majority/ portio
23、n/ part/ percentage/ the rest/ 分数/ 百分数+of +名词”做主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词的数保持一致。如果中心词是one，后跟由in, out of, of引导的介词短语，谓语动词用单数。The rest of the magazines were sold out within half an hour.Only 10 percent of the students in the class are League members.About 40% of Jims income goes to the rent.23、the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语
24、动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式.The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever.美是永存的。24、表示前后照应关系的词组，如the above, the below, the former, the latter, the following, the rest等，应根据其所指对象来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。The following are some newly-published popular magazines.25、“a great deal of/ a lot of/ lo
25、ts of/ plenty of/ a little of/ a large amount of/ a large quantity of等+不可数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。但是，“quantities of/ amounts of+名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数。Large quantities of water have been polluted.A great deal of time is spent trying to match young people to a suitable foster carer.但是“Lots of +不可数名词”做主语，谓语动词根据water来
26、定，因为lots不是名词。Lots of water has been polluted.26、both, few, a few, several, many, others等做主语，谓语动词用复数。She has two sons, both are clever.Some are sleeping, some are playing, others are studying.27、one, another, little, a little, either, much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。I have two pens, one is black, the other is blue
27、.Little is done to finish the work.28、such作主语，谓语动词根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Such were his words.29、savings, belongings, taxes, earnings, leavings, wages等作主语，谓语动词用复数。His wages have gone up.他涨工资了。Are these your belongings? 这些是你的东西吗？More taxes are t
28、o be paid from next month.下个月就要多缴纳税款了。Those taxes are paid the day before the transfer of ownership.30、表示加减乘除的句式，谓语动词用单数。What is 12 minus 10?What is one plus four? Its five.31、不可数名词前如果有表示数量的复数名词作定语，谓语动词用复数。如：“millions of tons of/ hundreds of boxes of+不可数名词”。32、由and连接两个或两个以上的不定式或动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；Say
29、ing and doing are two things.谚说是一回事，做又是一回事。Bringing about peace and consolidating it are two different things.和平实现与和平巩固是两件事。 33、表示抽象意义的动词不定式、分词、名词从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Writing the stories and poems is what I enjoy most.Getting to other planets or to the moon involves many problems.34、population作主语，谓语动词的数根据
30、意义而定。The population of the earth is increasing fast. One third of the population her are workers.35、由疑问副词并列构成的主语从句，不管疑问词有多少，谓语动词一律用单数。When and where to build the new factory has not been decided yet.36、在主谓倒装句子中，有两个或两个以上的主语并列存在时，谓语动词的数应与其最靠近的主语保持一致。There are three books, a pen on the desk.三、肯定与否定一致：下
31、列形容词、副词、代词从肯定句变成否定句时须作相应的变化。Weve had some (money). We havent had any(money).I was talking to someone. I wasnt talking to anyone.They sometimes visit us. They rarely (never, seldom)visit us.He has arrived already. He hasnt arrived yet.Li is coming too. Li isnt coming either.Both of us are going. Neit
32、her of us are going.He likes both of them. He doesnt like either of them.注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。My wife like classic music very much and so do I.She doesnt like jazz and neither do I.主谓一致专项练习题一1. Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.A. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days _enough for me
33、 to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. aret D. are 3. How many lessons do you usually haver a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then _45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Liping nor I _a basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There _ many new words in l
34、esson one,It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are 6. The number of the students in our school _1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths _ my favourite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was
35、 sleeping D. are sleeping9. Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. Whats on
36、 the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? There _some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. This pair of glasses _mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will be 14. Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday.A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invirted15. Two months _quite a long time.
37、Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. In the city the old _.A. take good care of B. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of17. His family _all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one.A. are,is B. is,is C. are
38、,are D. is,are18. The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is19. The children in this class each _new school bag.A. have B. has C. has got D. are having20. All but one _ here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were21. If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, _
39、 .A.neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither22. I havent finished my homeworked yet, _.A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasnt either23. “Im going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “_.”A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go24. You as well as
40、he to blame(责备) for the accident (交通事故).A. are B. is C. have D. has25. Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.A. has been B. is C. are D. am主谓一致练习题参考答案(1).B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5).B (6).A (7).B (8). C (9). D (10). A (11).B (12).B (13).C(14).D (15).A (16).B (17
41、).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D主谓一致练习题二1. The old _well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager _very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A.
42、 has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This
43、is one of the best novels that _appeared this year.A.have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D. was10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arrived.A.are B. has C.
44、 is D. have11. It _I who _leaving for London.A.isis B. amis C. isam D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television.A. are B. were C. be D. is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided14. Althoug
45、h the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficult B. has proved difficult C. is supposed difficult D. have been found difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. is B. was C. are D. were16. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day.A. are B. were C. is D. was17. Mathematics _the language of science.A. a