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1、将来时的六种表达法1. will/ shall do (will可用于第一、二、三人称，shall只用于第一人称)(1) 这种将来意义常常夹杂着情态意义，即带有说话人的主观态度与看法。You will fail the test if you dont work hard.(2) 有时既表示将来，也含有“意愿或“意图。e.g. I will meet you at 6 oclock.(3) 在疑问句中will/ shall还可用来征询听话人的“意图。e.g. Will you be at home at seven this evening e.g. - Will you marry me -
2、 Yes, I will.特别提示:1).will 可表示根据当时的情况，临时所做的打算。e.g.-Mr. Wang is ill in hospital. -Oh, Ill go and see him. e.g.-Did you tell Julia about the result- Oh,no,I forget.I_ her now A.will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call 2.)表单纯将来的will通常不用于时间，条件，让步状语从句，而是用一般现在时代替。If 引导的条件状语从句中使用will不表将来，而表意愿。e.g.
3、Ill tell him the truth if I see him tomorrow.e.g.1.If you will listen to me, Ill tell you the truth. 2. If you _ for another ten minutes,Mr Brown will be here. A.will wait B.are going to wait C.are about to wait D.are waiting 3) wont 可表示拒绝做某事，用于物时，好似无生命的物体有了意志力。The door wont shut. The car wont start
4、.这辆车开不动。 2.be going to do (1) 表示“意图，即打算在将来做某事。e.g. Im going to play basketball after school. They are going to marry next month. Im going to be a doctor.(2) 表示“预见，即现在已有迹象说明要发生某种情况。 e.g. The sky is so dark. Its going to rain. will/ shall do与be going to do(1) 两者都可表示“意图，有时两者可以互换使用。e.g. I wont tell him
5、about it. = Im not going to tell him about it.(2) 表示“意图时，be going to do表示的“意图通常是事先经过考虑的， 而will/ shall do所表示的“意图那么是说话时临时想到的，因此在某些特定的语境中，两者不可互换使用。e.g. - Im going to play basketball after school. - Really I will go with you.3.be doing 现在进展时的根本用法：a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的 事情。We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。b
6、. 表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未 必正在进展。What are you doing recentlyMr. Green is writing another novel.他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写, 只处于写作的状态。)c. 表示开展中的或正在改变的情况，如： get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连 用，表示反复发生的动作或持
7、续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩赞成、讨厌、生气等情绪。You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。 这一构造的主要意义是表示按方案、安排即将发生的动作，常用于表示位置转移的动词，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等，也可用于其它动态动词1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等词的现在进展时经常用于表示将来确切的方案。 2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，例如 fly, walk, ride, drive, take (a bus, a taxi)等的现在进展时也经常用于表示将来。注意:
8、英语中一些表 “状态与感官的动词 通常不用于进展时：用法与单词例句表存在或位置: be, lie, standJapan lies to the east of China.表所属: have, own, possess, belong to, fit, suitTaiwan belongs to China.Who owns this land表知觉: see, hear, smell, taste, sound, look, feel, seem, appearI smell the dinner cooking.He seems quite happy.表认识、信仰、意见、疑心、猜想、希
9、望: know, think, understand, doubt, suppose, hope, wishHe doubts whether you will find your lost pen again.表喜欢、反对、仇恨、厌恶: love, like, prefer, mind, hate, want, dislike, envyWe love our motherland deeply.They envy her good fortune.e.g. The plane is taking off at 5:30. How are you going there - by air o
10、r by train be going to do与be doing(1) be going to do与be doing都可表示决定要做某事，两者在某些语境中可以互换使用。e.g. We are having fish for supper. = We are going to have fish for supper. We are leaving soon. = We are going to leave soon. Im taking my students to the park on next Sunday. = Im going to take my students to th
11、e park on next Sunday.(2) 如果动词为come或go，在表示将来时，常用be doing构造。e.g. Were going to Shanghai next week. (to是介词)4. be to do( 常用于通知，规定，正式的命令或指示)(1) 表示按方案、安排即将发生的动作，常见于报纸与播送，用以宣布官方的方案或决定。e.g. The Queen is to visit Vietnam next month.(2) 表示命令、制止否认式,吩咐，约定,必然等。e.g. Since youve done something wrong, you are to s
12、tand here. If you are late, you are to stand outside the door. Tell her that she is not to be back late. These pills are not to be taken with any other form of medicine.特别提示: 此构造常用于if 从句中，表示只有主句的行为发生后，if 条件句中的情况才能成为可能。If a man is to succeed , he must work very hard.If British tennis is to reach worl
13、d standard again, both more money and more commitment will be necessary. be doing与be to do都可以表示按方案、安排将要发生的事态，两者常常可互换，但be to do较常用于正式语体。5.be about to do刚要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的将来，不与表将来的时间副词连用。e.g. He is about to leave.注意：不可以说He is about to leave tomorrow. be about to dowhen：正要做，这时e.g. He was about to start
14、 when it rained. I was about to lock the door when the telephone rang.6.一般现在时(1) 用一般现在时表将来时间，常见于条件状语从句与时间状语从句中。e.g. Ill tell her about it if she comes. Ill give it to you after I return. Ill call you as soon as I arrive.(2) 在主句中用一般现在时表示将来时间通常指按照时间表或既定日程一定会发生的将来事态,常出现在时间表，日程表，或节目单中，go, come, leave, s
15、tart, stay, return, begin, take off 等。The train leaves at 8 oclock.e.g. Tomorrow is Sunday. She retires next year. When do you take your next exam 一般现在时表将来时间所暗示的方案比拟客观，因而更具有不可变易性，而且一般现在时表将来时间在口气上也比拟正式练习：1. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_. A. takes off B. is taking off
16、 C. has taken off D. took off2. Are you still busy Yes, I_ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish3. What would you do if it _ tomorrow We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D
17、. is raining4. - Did you tell Julia about the result -Oh, no, I forgot. I her now. A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call5. I will visit you if Father _ me. A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let6. Look out! That tree _ fall down. A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would7. My unc
18、le _ to see me. Hell be here soon. A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came8. When _ school begin Next Monday. A. has B. does C. did D. is going to9. Every time I _ there, I will buy him something nice. A. went B. will go C. go D. have gone10. We wont go unless you _ soon. A. had come B. came C. wi
19、ll come D. come11. The air linerA. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive12. I dont know when he _, but when he _, Ill let you know.A. will come/comes B. comes/will comeC. comes/comes D. will come/will come13. -Im going to the States-How long _ you_ in the StatesA. are; s
20、tayed B. are; stayingC. have; stayed D. did; stay 14. Ive won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have take15. I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner.
21、A. come B. has come C. will come D. comes16. - Youve left the light on. -Oh, I have. _ and turn it off.A. I go B. Ive gone C. Ill go D. Im going17. - Is this raincoat yours. -No, mine_ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung 18. - Whats that terrible noise -The neighbours_ f
22、or a party.A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare19. Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down20. - Can I join the club, Dad - You can when you _ a bit old.A. get B. will get C. are getti
23、ng D. will have got21. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame22. -Are you still busy- Yes, I_ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish23. -
24、What are you going to do this afternoon- Im going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A.finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go24. She opened her eyes and was about to cry out _ she heard her father urgently
25、 telling her to keep quiet.A.while B.when C.before D.after 25.My headache _ me . I thought it was going away, but now its getting worse and worse.A. is killing B. kills C. killed D. has killed 26. My money _.I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before Ive none in hand.A.has run out B
26、.is running out C.has been run out D. is being run out27.Hurry up! The train _. You know it _ at 8:30 am.A.leaves; leaves B, is leaving; leaves C. Leaves; is leaving D, is leaving; is leaving28. - Anny, you _ books about. Look, what a mess in your study! - Sorry, Mom.I wont do that again.A.have alwa
27、ys thrown B.always throw C. are always throwing D. always threw29.-Tony is off to Hong Kong tomorrow. - Who _ him off A.saw B.is seeing C.has seen D. had seen 30. I am sorry. I forgot to post the letter for you. - Never mind. I _ it myself this afternoon.A.am posting B.am going to post C. will post
28、D. am about to post 31. I will have learned English for eight years by the time I _- from the university next year .A.will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduate D. is to graduate 33. Oil and water _ mix. A. wont B.cant C. dont D. aret 34.-How can I apply for an online course - Just fill out th
29、is form and we _ what we can do for you.A. see B. are seeing C.have seen D. will see 35. At this time tomorrow _ over the Atlantic. (2003北京)A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly36.- Im going to the States - How long _ you _ in the States A. are; stayed B. are; staying C.
30、have; stayed D. did; stay37. 4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly.A. will change B. has change C. will have changed D. is changing38. At this time tomorrow, _ over the Atlantic. A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly39
31、. -Have you moved into the new house -Not yet. The rooms _. A. are being painting B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painted40.I dont really work here; I _ until the new secretary arrives. A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help outreat efforts to i
32、ncrease wheat production must be made if bread shortage _ avoided.A. will be B. can be C. were to be D. is to be42.There _ an English evening next Saturday . A. will have B.is to have C. is going to have D. is going to be 43.Next year my little sister _ ten years old .A.is to be B.is going to be C.
33、is about to be D. will be 44.Look at the waiter.Hes carrying too much. He _ all those plates.A.will have dropped B. will be dropping C. is dropping D. is going to drop 45.It is the first time that he _ late for school. A.is B.was C. will be D. has been 46.Mr. White , who I _ to the south of France ,
34、 still lives in London.A. think to have moved B.think had moved C. thought have moved D.thought had moved 47. The car _ at eleven to collect the guest speakers and they _ at the hall eleven thirty.A.will come; arrive B. comes; have arrived C. comes ; arrive D. has come ; arrived 48. “ When are you l
35、eaving “ My plane _ at 10:45. A. took off B. is about to take off C. will take off D.takes off 49. That son of your aunts _ noises! What a nuisance ! A. always makes B. will always makes C.always made D.is always making50. It will not be long before that young man _ me again. A.wil meet B. has meet
36、C. meets D. would meet 51.If you climb mountains in such bad weather, you _ trouble.A.ask for B. have asked for C. will ask for D. are asking for 52. It was for the first time that he _ to the party. A.invited B. had been invited C.has been invited D.was invited53.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happy families.A.will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D.have often seen 答案：15 BBBBB 610 ABDC D1115CABAD1620 CAB CA 21-25 A B C B A 26-30 BBCBC 31-35 C CADB36-40BDBDC 41-45DDDDD46-50DCDDC51-53CDA第 11 页