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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神简洁句、并列句和复合句考点一 简洁句1. 简洁句只包含一个主谓结构 . 2. 五种简洁句 : 1 主+谓. He comes at last. 2 主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice. 3 主+谓+宾. They reached the village. 4 主+谓+间宾 +直宾 . He gave me a pen. 主+谓+宾+宾补 . I find that book very useful. 5 考点二 并列句 并列句：两个或两个以上的简洁句,用连词连接起来；
2、常用的连接词有：1.表示顺承关系的：and, not only but also（不仅 .而且 .）等；She _ gave us a lot of advice, _ helped us to overcome difficulties. Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _ at last she succeeded. 2.表示挑选关系和否定条件的有or（仍是,否就）Do you want to leave now _ would you rather set off later. Wear your coat, _ you ll ca
3、tch a cold. 3.表示转折关系的有but, yet 等；He is young, but he works hard. 虽然他年轻,但工作努力；4.表示因果关系的有for, so 等；My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼,因此我去看医生；考点三 主从复合句 ：宾语从句1. 宾语从句的引导词（1）引导陈述句用 that在口语和非正式文体中经常省略 He tells me that he is going shopping this Sunday. 2 引导一般疑问句用 if 或 whether. She asked me if wheth
4、er she could join us. whether or not 3 引导特别疑问句,要用原先的特别疑问词；She asked them what they were doing. 2.宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序；I want to know when the train left. 3. 宾语从句的时态（ 1）主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句,宾语从句可依据实际需要选用各种时态；He tells us that he has been able to look after himself. 2 主句是过去时态,宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态；They said that th
5、ey had already finished the work. 3 假如宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等,不管主句用什么时态,从句 都用一般现在时；He said that light travels faster than sound. 3. 练习名师归纳总结 1）She asked me, “ Will you go to the cinema tomorrow. ” 改为含宾语从句的复合句 第 1 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神She asked me_ I _ go to the cinem
6、a the next day. 2 How lovely the dog is. Can you tell me _. C. where you got it 3 A. where did you get it B. where will you get it - Can you tell me _ your parents at home. - I often wash clothes and sweep the floor. A. how will you help B. how you help C. how will you help D. how do you help 4 When
7、 I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun _ rise in the east. 考点四 状语从句一、状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等；1.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where 引导；Put all the things _they were. A. where B. when C. whose D. which 2.时间状语从句 主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时 时间状语从句的引导词有 when, before, after, until, as soon as, since, while, as 等Sh
8、e was cooking when someone knock at the door. What will you do after you finished your homework. 3.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中,常用的引导词有 if, unless 等；If it dosen t rain, I ” ll go fishing. They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday. 4.缘由状语从句缘由状语从句常用的引导词有because, as, since（既然）等He didn t come because he was
9、 ill. Since we are students, we should study hard. *Because 和 so 不能在一个句子中同时使用 ；5. 结果状语从句 结果状语从句主要由 so that , such that 引导；It s so hot that we want to go swimming. That s such an interesting story that everybody likes it. *So that与简洁句之间的句型转换 1） that 后的句子是否定句,常用 too to 进行转换；He is so young that he can
10、t go to school. he is too young to go to school. 2that 后的句子是确定句；常用enough to 进行转换；The shirt was so cheap that he bought it. 6.目的状语从句 the shirt was cheap enough for him to buy. 目的状语从句常用的引导词有so that, in order that 等 in order to 简洁句Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it. He works har
11、der in order that he can go to a good college. 7. 让步状语从句 引导词有 though, although, even if, even though 尽管 等；He often helps others though although he is not rich. 名师归纳总结 They will stand by you even if you don t succeed. 第 2 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神*Though, although 与 but
12、 不能同时显现在一个句子中 8.比较状语从句 比较状语从句由 than, as as , not asso as 等引导； 比较级 He is more outgoing than I. He ran as fast as Mike. 二、练习1. It s quite common in Britain to say “ thank you ” to the drivers _ people get off the bus. a. after b. since c. until d. when 2. The art club is for members only. You can t go
13、 in _you are a member. a. unless b. because c. if d. though 3. Now many parents send their children to foreign countries, _ they want them to get a better education. a. until b. though c. because 4. - What would some students like to do after finishing their education. - They would like to start to
14、work_ they needna. as soon as b. so that c. before d. while 考点五定语从句 t depend on their parents completely. 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句；被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）；1.关系代词的基本用法指人作主语作宾语省略省略作定语whothat whose 指物whichthat whose The man _spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 指人作主语 The building _is being bu
15、ilt will be used as a hospital. 指物作主语 I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the world. （指人作定语）2. 关系代词特别用法 1）当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一样；He is one of the boys who _ like playing football. He is the only one of the boys who_ like playing football. 2 通常以下四种情形关系代词只能用 that 而不能用 which. 1 先行词为
16、all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one 等不定代词时 2）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；the only, the very, the just 等修饰时；3）当先行词被 4）先行词中既有人又有物时；3. 关系副词的基本用法；1） when 在句中作状语,表示时间；2 where 在句中作状语,表示地点；. 3 why 在句中作状语,表示缘由；He remembers the day _ he joined the League. This is the reason_ he is late today.
17、This is the place _ Lu Xun was born. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神练习一、用括号内所给的动词的适当形式填空；1. Mrs. Wang said that she _buy a new car the next day. 2. Our English teacher told us that Christmas _be on December 25. 3. I ll tell you as soon as Kate _come here. 4. Could
18、 you tell me when your father _go to New York. When he _go there, we ll see him off. 5. Home with Kids is one of the TV sitcoms that _make us laugh again and again. 二、单项挑选1. Could you please keep the windows_. It s so hot in the room. a. open b. opens c. opened d. opening 2. Work hard, _ you ll fall
19、 behind your classmates. a. and b. but c. or d. so 3. Ben asked me _ I had read the news in today s newspaper. a. that b. if c. what d. when 4. - Can you tell me _. - Of course. He comes from Japan. a. where does he come from b. where is he from c. where he comes from d. where he wants to go 5. Cath
20、y likes comedies, _ they re very funny. a. if b. so c. because d. until 6. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_ he came to Yunnan. a. after b. before c. since d. for 7. They piled the snow in one place _ the children could make a snowman. a. so that b. when c. because d. until 8. -I won t go
21、to the party tomorrow. -_ you told me you would. What s happening. a. But b. So c. And d. Or 9. Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, _ he canthe pills. a. so b. or c. but d. for 10. You will be late _ you hurry up. a. after b. when c. unless d. if t understand the instructions on the bottle of 11. Some
22、people like to play mahjong, _ others don t. a. when b. while c. as d. since 12. _ he is young, _ he knows several languages. a. Though, but b. Because, so c. Though, d. Because, 13. This is the most interesting book_ I ve read before. a. that b. which c. who d. a&b 14. This is the room in _Chairman
23、 Mao lived. a. that b. which c. who d. whom 15. August 1. 1927 was the day _ the PLA was founded. 名师归纳总结 a. that b. which c. where d. when 第 4 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神16. I like the place _ I can have a good time. a. that b. which c. where d. when 三、写出以下句子的同义词,每空一词；1.
24、 The foreigners want to know how they can learn Chinese kung fu well. The foreigners want to know _ _ learn Chinese kung fu well. 2. When does the train leave. I want to know. I want to know _the train _ 3. “ Do you want to try something new. ” Toms mother asked him. Tom mother asked him_ _ _ to try
25、 something new. 4. You must be quick. If not, you ll miss the early bus. _ quick , _ you will miss the early bus. 5. Jim s mother let him watch TV after he finished his homework. Jim s mother_ let him watch TV_ he finished his homework. 6. You shouldnt tell him your address, I think. I _ think you _
26、 tell him your address. 7. He ran so fast that we couldn t catch up with him. He ran _ fast _ _ _ catch up with. 8. This shirt was so cheap that be could buy it. This shirt was _ _ _ _ _ buy. 9. He worked hard so that he could make more money. He worked hard_ _ _ make more money. 10. Because it snowed heavily, the traffic had to stop. The traffic had to stop _ _ the _ snow. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页