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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神中考英语专题复习宾语从句 考点梳理1、引导宾语从句的各种连词；2、宾语从句的语序主句 +连接词 +主语 +谓语；3、宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应；4、引导词 if 、when 引导宾语从句和状语从句的区分运用；学问点详解 一、宾语从句的连接词：1、连词 that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被 省略；eg. He knew that he should work hard. 2、连词 if 、whether ,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“ 是否” 解,在 口语中多用 if
2、 ；eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 一般情形下, if 和 whether 可以互换,但以下3 种情形只能用whether：在不定式前 ：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在介词前 ： It depends on依靠 whether it is going to rain. 与 or not 连用 ：They are talking about whether to
3、go there or not. whether 置于句首 时,不能换用 if；如：Whether this is true or not ,I cant say这是否真的我说不上来；3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which ,连接副词when, where, why, how , 它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义 eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money. 二、宾语从句的语序是 陈述语序 ,即“ 连接
4、词 +主语 +谓语 +其它成分” ；特殊强调：它的主 语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构；Can you tell me whom do we have to see. Can you tell me whom we have to see. The teacher asked the students what they were doing.摸索 : what 在从句中的成分 陈述句变为宾语从句时 ,要留意人称和时态的变化 ,语序不变；eg. She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk.”She said she would
5、leave a message on the desk. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷下笔如有神,后面接陈述语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要留意人称和时态的变化序；Eg. “ Where are the tickets.”I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are. 三、宾语从句的时态呼应：宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,经常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应；1）假如主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可依据需要,选用相应的任何时态；
6、主现从不限 如：I dont know when he will come back 我不知道他将何时回来；He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告知我他姐姐昨天回来了；2）假如主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可依据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式；（主过从限过）如：The children didnt know who he was 孩子们不知道他是谁；He asked his father how it happened他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的；3）假如宾语从句所表示的是
7、客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时；（真金不怕火炼）如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老师说地球围着太阳转；四、 if 和 when 宾语从句和状语从句的区分：if 和 when 既可以引导宾语从句,也可以引导状语从句,应留意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同；if 和 when 引导宾语从句时,分别意为“是否 ”和“ 何时 ” ,其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时,意思分别为“ 假如,假如 ” 和“ 当 时候 ” ,当主句时态是一般将来时时, 其时态用一般现在时
8、；它们经常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查；判定方法：可以从整个句式看；状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（个别除外）,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后；通过连词在句中的意思来判定；Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？Sorry,I dont know When he comes back , Ill tell you 对不起,不知道；当他回来 了,我将告知你；I dont know if he will come我不知道他是否会来；He will come if it doesnt rain 假
9、如不下雨,他会来的；五、其他留意问题1、由连接代词或连接副词what, how, where 等引导的宾语, 且宾语从句的主语与主句名师归纳总结 主语一样时从句可转换为“疑问词不定式” 结构；第 2 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神She hasnt decided where she will go on holiday. She hasnt decided where to go on holiday. 2、当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach 等动词,且后带双宾语 ,从句主语和间接宾语
10、一样时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词 +不定式 ”结构；例如：Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you tell me how to get to the station？3、动词think, make, find 等后的宾语从句可转换为简洁句,即：think/make/find 宾语宾语补足语；如：His teacher found that he was a clever boy. His teacher found him a clever boy. 4、当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choo
11、se, agree, promise 等,且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一样时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构；例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. We decided to he练习 1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty A. who B. what C. when D. that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A
12、. what B. if C. when D. where 3. We never know _ the old man is. They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. Do you know _ Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 5. W here do you think
13、_ he _ the computer Sorry, I have no idea. （做此题时需留意 可有利于分析）do you think 做插入语, 将其放在句首A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 名师归纳总结 6. I didn t see Laura at the party last night. Do you know_ ？第 3 页,共 4 页A. why didnt she come B. what happened C. when would she arrive D. where she has bee
14、n 7. Im new here. Could you please tell me _ ？Sure. Its over th ere behind that tower. A. where the youth centre is B. when the library opens - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神C. how far is the amusement park D. how can I get to the underground station 8. Do you know _ ？Yes. She is do
15、ing her homework. A. what is your sister doing B. what your sister is doing C. when your sister is doing homework D. where is your sister doing homework 9. Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not. Sorry, Ive no idea.A. that B. which C. if D. whether 10. Thank you for s
16、howing me_. Ahow use this phone B how to use this phone Chow can I use this phone D that I use this phone 11Lets go fishing if it _ this weekend. But nobody knows if it _. Ais fine; will rain B will be fine; rains C will be fine; will rain Dis fine; rains 12We can use QQ to chat with each other on the Internet. Really. Will you please show me _ it. Ahow to use B what to useC .what can I useD.how can I use 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页