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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -U2 基础学问梳理（下）一、词汇 Words 1. fix 安装,使固定fix 用作及物动词,表示“安装,使固定 ”之意,其后直接跟名词、代词作宾语；第 1 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -（1）fix 用作 “安装 ”,指安装门窗,电灯,机器等；例：他正在房间里安灯；（2）fix 用作 “使固定 ”,指把
2、某物固定在另一物体上；例：我们要把图画贴在墙上；（3）fix 也可以表示 “ 修理 ” 之意,与 repair 可互换；例：我可以为你修理苹果手机；2. job 工作job,可数名词,意为某一详细的“ 工作”,复数形式是. work 不行数名词名词,意为职位之内详细的工作 例：他能在城市里能找到一份工作；问职业 ：What is your father. =What s your father s job？=What does your father do. waiters policemen men doctor sVisitors engineers volunteers waitress
3、es policewomen wom en doctor s1 -What are you_. - I am a woman doctor. A. doing B. job C. working D. 2 I don t like my_. Because I have a lot of _ to do. A. work; work B. job; job C. job; work D. work; job 3 One of the _ there _ my mother. A, woman doctors; is B. woman doctors; are C. women doctors;
4、 is D. women doctors; are 3. below 在 下面 基本含义 用法辨析above “在 之上 ”强调高于某一点或某一物体,不肯定在垂直上方 below “在 下面 ”强调低于某一点或某一物体,不肯定在垂直下方 强调某物在另一物体的表面,两者接触 on “在 之上 ”over “在 之上 ”多指某物在另一物体的正上方,两者不接触,但强调垂直 under “在 下面 ”多指某物在另一物体的正下方,两者不接触,但强调垂直 下面” 之意（1）below,用作介词,表示位置、数字、职业等“ 在 例：这位年轻人不到 20 岁；（2） below 用作副词,表示“ 在下,向下”
5、之意；例：瞧！迈克正站在下面；4. fire n. 火,常用“” 着火了；fire 用作不行数名词,意为“ 火”第 2 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -set something on fire “ 引火烧某物”；“ 着火了” 等固定搭配；例 1 当我们到那时,房子着火了；,意为“ 生火”例 2 我们想知道是谁引火烧了这辆车；批注： fire 也可用作可数名词,意为“ 火灾,燃料”5.pol
6、iceman n.警察postman n.邮递员（男）post woman（女）policeman 男警察 policewoman 女警察 复数形式6. sick adj. 生病的,恶心的sick 生病的 ill 生病的1. be/get sick 生病了 1. be/get ill 生病了My mother is sick. My mother is ill. 2. sick+ 名词 2. 不能加在名词前面a sick man 一个病人例：这个生病的人需要我们的帮忙；这个宠物狗病的很严峻；练习: 1. -What s wrong with you. -I feel _. A. sick B.
7、 ill C. terrible D. All over the above 2. My mother is_, so I have to look after my _ mother. A. ill; ill B. sick; sick C. ill; sick D. sick; ill 3. He always helps the old, the poor and _. A. the ill B. the sick C. ill D. sick 4. I m afraid to get on the plane because I am_. A. sea-ill B. sea-sick
8、C. ill-sick D. sick-sea 5. He always gets angry. He has an_ temper脾气 . A. sick B. ill C. good D. bad 6. I dont feel_. I think I m _. A. good; sick B. good; ill C. well; sick D. well; good 7. sound vi. 听起来sound 系动词：听起来 名词：声音 （人,动物,东西等发出的声音）1 系动词 +形容词第 3 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第
9、3 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -/ / / / + good, bad, terrible （糟糕的） , great 2listen hear sound voice 过程 结果 成效 人的声音、嗓音listen to/listen carefully can t hear anything sound good have a good voice look see look watch 过程 结果 成效 观看（认真地）Look at sth See a dog Look youn
10、g/old watch a basketball 例-Shall we go to buy Mo Yan s new book this weekend. -That s sounds great. 1. The music sounds_. I like it. A. bad B. well C. beautiful D. terrible 2. The sound _ a bird. A. likes B. is C. sounds D. sounds like 3. I _ carefully, but I still can t _ any sound. A. hear; listen
11、 B. listen; sound C. sound; hear D. listen; hear 4. I m_ the man over there, but I can t _ who he is. A. looking; look B. seeing; see C. looking at; see D. seeing; look at 8. problem: 问题,困难have problems indoing sth have problems with sth problem question 1. 难以解决的难题 1. 疑问,期望回答的问题I have a life problem
12、. Miss Li, I have some Maths questions. 2. 常与 solve解决 连用 2. 常与 ask/answer 连用solve the problem ask a question 练习：1. Please answer the following two_. A. problem B. question C. problems D. questions 2. Can you help me solve this _. A. questions B. question C. problem D. problems 3. Do you have any_ do
13、ing the homework. A questions B. problem C. question D. a problem 二、重要句型 Important Sentences structures 1. Theres something wrong with my computer. 第 4 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -表示“ 某物坏了,有毛病了”,相当于there is so
14、mething wrong with .坏了；出问题了There is not anything wrong with =There is nothing wrong with 1 坏了 ：There is something wrong with my bike. =Something is wrong with my bike. = My bike is broken. =My bike doesn t work. something/anything/nothing someone/anyone/nobody + 形容词2问：怎么了,出了 问题 What s wrong with you
15、/your car.例如：我的手表坏了；_. 练习：1）I will find someone to fix my bike. There is _ with it. A. nothing wrong B. not anything wrong C. something wrong D. wrong something 2 Is there_ in today s newspaper. A. new something B. new anything C. something new D. anything new 3 He didnt find _ in the bushes. A. any
16、thing unusual B. something unusual C. nothing unusual D. unusual anything 4）. There is _in todays newspaper.C. important anything D. nothing exciting A. important something B. anything special 5 There is something wrong with my car. 同义句 _ is _ with my bike. My bike _ _. My bike _ _. 6 There is not a
17、nything wrong with my car. 同义句 There is _ wrong with my car. _ is wrong with my car. 2. My cousin Annie s bicycle is broken, so she s going to ask someone to fix it ；someone 不定代词,意为“ 某人”,表示人,相当于somebody. ；注：当 someone 等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词要用例:我们需要人来修手表；3. Some colleges students are ready to help. be ready t
18、o do sth 乐于做某事= 第 5 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -为 .做好预备；例如：李明乐于帮忙贫困地区的孩子；_. 晚会一切预备就绪；_. 练习1. The Maths exam is coming. I am getting ready_ it. A. to B. for C. with D. of 2. -Are you ready_. -Yes, I am. A. runn
19、ing B. for run C. to run D. run 3. She is always willing to help others. 同义句 She _ _ to help others. 4. Some of them often visit the old people and do some shopping for them. do some shopping 动词短语,意为“ 买东西”,为固定结构,类似短语：打扫卫生读些书洗衣服6. -What are you going to be in the future. -I like computers. I m going
20、to be a computer engineer. be going to表示“ 准备做 ” ,指准备或方案做某事；be going to be表示职业的名词,意为“ 准备当（从事某种职业）的人”例 I m going to listen to music after school. 典例讲解1.In order to find _ better job, she planned to learn _ second foreign language. A. the, a B. a ,a C. the, the D. a ,the 2.There are about ten_ working
21、in the police station. A. policeman B. policemen C. postman D. postmen 3.-What are you_ when you grow up in the future. -An actor. I want to play in films or plays. A.going to make B. going to be C. going to have D. going to do 4.You need to put on more clothes because the temperature will drop to f
22、ive degrees _ （在 之下） zero . 5.The child is too young_ 生火 to make the room warmer. 6.The _生病的 boy wants his mother to give him a delicious cake. 7.The background music sounds_noise. Please turn it down. 第 6 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - -
23、- - - - - - - - - - - - -三 will和 be going to构成的一般将来时概念引入1The spaceship will leave the Earth at 9 a. m. 宇宙飞船将在上午 9:00 离开地球；2Itll take us to the Moon 它将把我们带到月球；3When we arrive ,Im going to walk on the Moon 当我们到达时,我将在月球上行走；4Are the dogs going to come with us. 狗和我们一起来吗 . 句 1,2 含有助动词 will ,句 3,4 含有 be go
24、ing to 结构,这四句话都是一般将来时；本单元我们主要学习 will 和 be going to 构成的一般将来时；用法讲解（一）、基本概念表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用；例如：今日晚上我将在电视上看一场足球竞赛；（二）、基本结构一般将来时的结构一般由“；” 或“” 构成； will 是助动词,不能独立使用,前面的主语不管是什么人称,其后总用will ；在名词或代词后常简缩为ll ,并与主语连写在一起；will 的否定形式是will not ,缩略形式是（三）、时间状语 一般将来常常用的时间状语：等；例如：汤姆两天后回来；从现在起我会更加当心的；（
25、四）、基本句型1确定句 1）主语 +will+ 动词原形 +其他 他立刻来这儿；2）主语 +be going to+ 动词原形 +其他 我们准备今日下午去爬山；2否定句 1）主语 + will + not + 动词原形 +其他 他不去参与聚会；2）主语 +be + not + going to+ 动词原形 +其他 明天他不去做早操；3一般疑问句 1）Will+ 主语 +动词原形 +其他 . 他会帮忙你学习英语吗 . 2）Be 动词 Am ,Is,Are+ 主语 +going to+ 动词原形 +其他 . 你准备明天下午玩电脑嬉戏吗 . 第 7 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - -
26、- - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句 . What will the students have for lunch today. 同学们今日午饭吃什么. They will have bread 他们将吃面包；（五）、留意的问题（1）主语是第一人称I; we 时,常用助动词shall + 动词原形； 否定形式是shall 后加 not 构成,shall not 可缩写成 shant；例如： We shall
27、be very happy if you accept it. 假如你接受了它,我们将会很兴奋；I shall write you a letter next month. 下个月我会给你写信；We shant be in the same room all day. 我们不会成天待在同一房间里；（2）在问对方是否情愿 , 或表示客气的邀请时,常用 will ；例如： Will you go to the zoo with me. 你情愿和我去动物园吗？Will you please open the door. 请打开门好吗？（3）在表示建议或征求对方看法时,用 shall；例如： Shal
28、l we go at ten. 我们在 10:00 走好吗？（六）、 There be 句型与含有 will 和 be going to 的一般将来时（1）There be 句型与含有 will 的一般将来时基本结构：There will be + 名词 +其他成分例如： There will be only one country in the future. 将来会只有一个国家；（2）There be 句型与含有 be going to 的一般将来时基本结构：There is / are going to be + 名词 +其他成分 留意句型中going to 后面的 be 不能改为 ha
29、ve； 常用来表示将有某事发生；例如： There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school. 下周六我们学校将有一场足球竞赛；留意：无论后面加单数名词或名词的复数形式,be 都必需用原形；（七）、 be going to 与 will 的区分（1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间就较远一些；例如： He is going to write a letter tonight. 今晚他准备写一封信；He will write a book one day. 有一天他会写一本
30、书；（2）be going to 表示依据主观判定将来确定发生的事情,will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情；例如： I think our team is going to win the game. 我认为我们队会赢得竞赛；He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就 20 岁了；（3）be going to 含有“ 方案,预备” 的意思,而 will 就没有这个意思；例如： Im going to spend my holiday in a village. 我准备在一个小村子里度假；He will be here in half an hour
31、. 他一小时后到达这里；（4）在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用 will ；例如： Well have a picnic if my father is free. 假如我父亲有空,我们会去野餐；（5）be going to 表示依据目前迹象推断将要发生的事情,而在没有迹象说明的情形下进行的推测用“ will 和 be going to”皆可；例如： Look at the clouds. It s going to rain. 你看天上的云；快下雨了；My God. We are going to crash. 天哪！我们快撞车了；I think the we
32、ather will be nice. I think the weather is going to be nice. 我想天会变晴朗的；第 8 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -课堂检测 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. 2. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be
33、D. will go to be Charlie _ here next month. 3. A. isn t working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. won t work He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. 4. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. 5. A. was B. is g
34、oing to have C. will have D. is going to be _ you _ free tomorrow. 6. No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. 7. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D.
35、 give Shall I buy a cup of tea for you. _. （不,不要；）A. No, you won t. B. No, you aren t. C. No, please dont. D. No, please. 8. Where is the morning paper. I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get 9. _ a concert next Saturday. A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be
36、D. There are 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will give D. is going to giving 第 9 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - -
37、- - - - - - - - 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back 14. If it _ tomorrow, we ll go roller-skating. A. isn t rain B. won t rain C. doesnt rain D. doesn
38、t fine 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow. No, _ （不去） . A. they willn t. B. they won t. C. they arent. D. they don t. 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon. A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will d
39、o C. going to do D. will doing Step 1. 摸索回忆所学学问点,并将所学学问点列在下面Step 2. 错题回忆第 10 页细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页,共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -家庭作业单项挑选 10 分 1. -I live on the third floor, How about you , May. -On the fifth floor. -Oh, I live two
40、floors _ you . A. under B. below C. over D. above 2. -What does Mr Smith do every day . -He sends lots of letters to people. he is a busy_. A. doctor B. policeman C. cook D. postman 3. Mike is a _ boy. He always helps his classmates with their homework. A. helpful B. beautiful C. sick D. lucky 4. -How does you mother go to work. - _. A. By foot B. By a bus C. By bus D. In a bike 5. -What are your parents and you doing now. -We _ a day out with my uncle s family the day after tomorrow. A. will plan B. are going to plan C. are plann