《浙大—英语语音训练课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浙大—英语语音训练课件.ppt（66页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、浙大浙大英语语音训练英语语音训练课件课件英语语音训练教学大纲与课程简介英语语音训练教学大纲与课程简介英语语音训练课程参考书目英语语音训练课程参考书目何善芬，2003，实用英语语音学 北京：北京师范大学出版社孟宪忠，1999，英语语音学 上海：华东师范大学出版社张冠林，2001，英语语音练习手册 北京：外语教学与研究出版社英语语音训练课程参考书目英语语音训练课程参考书目Bradford,B.,1988,Intonation in ContextIntonation practice for upper-intermediate and advanced learners of English C
2、ambridge:CUPMortimer,C.,1990,Elements of PronunciationIntensive practice for intermediate and more advanced students Cambridge:CUPRoach,P.,2000,English Phonetics and Phonology:A Practical Course Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 英语语音训练课程参考书目英语语音训练课程参考书目Listen and Imitate 1.美国英语900
3、句 2.New Concept English Book II An English Pronunciation CourseOverall plan for this semester:One unit per week.Fifteen units in all.The last week is for general review.Final exam format:Oral TestUnit One Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&RhythmUnit One Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress&Rhythm UnitUnit
4、Two Two Consonants:Stops Consonants:Stops Unit ThreeUnit Three Consonants:Fricatives&Affricates Consonants:Fricatives&Affricates Unit FourUnit Four Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Laterals Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Laterals Unit FiveUnit Five Vowels:Front Vowels&Central Vowels Vowels:Front Vowel
5、s&Central Vowels Unit SixUnit Six Vowels:Back Vowels Vowels:Back Vowels Unit Seven Vowels:DiphthongsUnit Seven Vowels:DiphthongsUnit EightUnit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstressed Syllables Stressed Syllables&Unstressed Syllables Unit NineUnit Nine Stressed Words&Unstressed Words in a Stressed Words&
6、Unstressed Words in a Sentence Sentence Unit TenUnit Ten Strong Forms&Weak Forms Strong Forms&Weak Forms ContentsContentsUnit Eleven Linking Unit Twelve Rhythm of English Speech Unit Thirteen Types of Intonation in English Unit Fourteen Intonation Units of English Unit Fifteen Functions&Uses of Engl
7、ish IntonationUnit Sixteen General Review Unit One Basic Concepts:Syllables,Stress and RhythmSyllables,Stress and Rhythm What is a syllable?What is a syllable?A syllable is a word part and the basic unit of English rhythm.An English word can have one,two,three or even more syllables.What is a stress
8、?What is a stress?In words of more than one syllable,one of them will receive more stress than the others.Stressed syllables are those that are marked in the dictionary as stressed.Stressed syllables are usually longer,louder,and higher in pitch.What is rhythm?What is rhythm?The rhythm of a language
9、 is characterized by the timing pattern of successive syllables.In some languages,every syllable is given about the same length while in others,syllables vary in length.In English,strong beats are called stressthe heart of the rhythmic pattern.Back Back Back Back Unit One cont.What is stress?What is
10、 stress?What is rhythm?What is rhythm?BackBackUnit Two Consonants:StopsA p&b focusedPhrases:a big shoppickpocket happy birthdaya big pear press the buttons a large boxa big pig a piece of bread a beautiful balloonSentences:They played in the park all afternoon.Barbara is a very pretty bride.Paul apo
11、logizes for his temper and his impatience at the pool.He was able to beat Bill at billiards.Both of them lived abroad before the baby was born.Unit Two Consonants:StopsB t&d focusedPhrases:bread and butter to tell the truth tea and toastfrom door to door the loud sound a good beatinga red dress quit
12、e good all rightSentences:He rode down the drive looking dazed.He is too young to tell the time.The child hid under the bed.He took his ticket from his pocket and passed it to the ticket-collector.The lady in the red dress was beating the mad dog to death.Unit Two Consonants:StopsC k&g focusedPhrase
13、s:carry a big bag golden touch again and againa kind girl bitter cold take a glancea sick dog go for a walk cake and eggSentences:A good beginning makes a good ending.I caught it in the garden gate.The dog dug eagerly in the ground for the bone.The cook baked a big cake for Carl.He got some pegs and
14、 grapes from the grocer.Unit Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesA f&v focusedPhrases:very fast full of vigor a good fewfierce faces a safe move the foolish nephewhalf and half a frequent visitor a live doveSentences:Phil refused to invite his friends.They lived in a small village near the valley.
15、A big fire broke out on the fiftieth floor on February 15th.Frank and Vincent arent very clever.Foster has got a very clear voice.Unit Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesB&focused&focusedPhrases:Phrases:thick and thin three times three north and souththick and thin three times three north and sou
16、thRather thirsty out of breath worth thinkingRather thirsty out of breath worth thinkingGather together weather forecast the third bathroomGather together weather forecast the third bathroomSentences:Sentences:Is Arthur in better health now?Is Arthur in better health now?Thursday is the fifteenth of
17、 the month.Thursday is the fifteenth of the month.Ruth took the path to the theatre.Ruth took the path to the theatre.There is no smoke without fire.There is no smoke without fire.Unit Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesC s&z focused Phrases:toys in her hands many chances the boxing lessonswim in
18、 the sea summer holidays sing simple songsa fine physician cakes and oranges the Pacific OceanSentences:Dont sing us sad songs!Smith prefers classical music to jazz.Does Hazel study English in your class?Summer is the season he likes best.Unit Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesD&focusedPhrases:h
19、is last wish a short lunch a pair of shoesrush out a wild confusion a heated discussionmake a decision at the garage on this occasionSentences:She should spend her vacation at the seashore.Sheila wishes to leave on Saturday.The seizure of the treasure is a pleasure.Polish the shoes with the brush.Un
20、it Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesE&focusedPhrases:French fries a large bridge the edge of the villagea digital watch the check room to play chessto go to church a major change many strange noisesSentences:Jimmy enjoyed the joke very much.The village bridge was badly damaged by the heavy rain
21、.Teach the children to fetch the chicken from the kitchen.He lives in a cottage and studies in a college.Unit Three Consonants:Fricatives&AffricatesF h focusedPhrases:a happy honeymoon in a hurry a huge holea heavy hammer a hat in his hand a huge horse behinda happy home a high mountain a hoarse voi
22、ceSentences:Herbert hurried home because he was hungry.Mr.Harris has a plan to help Helen in his hall.Hes a hard-hearted man.The horse has hurt its hoof.Unit Four Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Lateral(s)A/m/,/n/&/focusedPhrases:Inner Mongolia memorable summers much moreplay in the sunshine send a l
23、ine American novelsswim long distance angry or hungry nothing elseSentences:They often make many common mistakes in their homework.Mountain-climbing has become more and more welcomeamong the masses.I have telephoned him at least nine or ten times.I had a feeling that we were taking the wrong road.Un
24、it Four Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Lateral(s)B/j/&/w/focusedPhrases:Yale University The Yellow River New York Citythe trade union European countries yolk and whitewhos who West Lake wait a whilered wine western countries very warm weatherSentences:They have a beautiful yard.Yesterday the young m
25、an bought a new yellow suit.Where there is a will,there is a way.The teacher was walking backward and forward in the room.They went to the wedding on a windy Wednesday.Unit Four Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Lateral(s)C clear l&dark l focusedPhrases:a polite child awful smell a lovely dolla terribl
26、e blow a comfortable life a silent girlto tell lies the spilt milk a beautiful lookSentences:Hell soon be all right.Where shall we meet for lunch?Would you like to have cold milk?Li is a lovely girl.A little boy just fell into the lake.Unit Four Consonants:Nasals,Approximants&Lateral(s)D/r/focusedPh
27、rases:a bright light run round the track a red flagthe wrong road ready to read great spiritthe silk road a liberated area on the rightSentences:Rose is wearing a very pretty dress.Ruth hurt her right wrist when she fell.The robber was arrested in a pouring rain.We have fresh bread for breakfast.The
28、 leader of the group is a great reader of novels.Unit Five Vowels:Front Vowels&Central VowelsA i:&i focusedPhrases:a team leader keep secret a league meetinga village Building Six in the riverSentences:We eat meat,peas,beans and cheese for meals.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Experience is the
29、father of wisdom.Smith is eating meat and drinking milk.Finish it in a minute if it is not difficult.Unit Five Vowels:Front Vowels&Central VowelsB/e/&/focusedPhrases:a red pencil very well wet weathera fat man an axe and a hammer a rat and a catFlags and banners bag and baggage Canada and JapanSente
30、nces:Many heads are better than one.He met many French friends yesterday.The man ran back to gather his black hat and black bag.Practice makes perfect.Many hands make quick work.Unit Five Vowels:Front Vowels&Central VowelsC/:/&/focusedPhrases:along the river among the workers in the centrecinema and
31、 theatre better and better under the coverworse and worse thirty birds the third worldSentences:Lets go for a walk along the river.We are going to have a get-together after supper.The lecture lasted for half an hour.First come,first serve.The first verb he learned this term is“serve”.Unit Six Vowels
32、:Back VowelsA/&/a:/focusedPhrases:half past five dance in the park master of artsa large parcel rather fast pass me the glasshard-hearted after the party tomatoes and bananasjust for fun from cover to cover some honeySentences:She glanced at her father.She had a large basket of tomatoes.Well begun i
33、s half done.They went hunting in the country last month.Dont touch the gun.Unit Six Vowels:Back VowelsB/&/:/focusedPhrases:a coffee shop a long song a cock and a foxa hot bottle cost a lot lots of clocksa small horse a short report a warm autumna door and a wall a tall tree a volleyballSentences:Lot
34、s and lots of watches and clocks have gone wrong.We want quality,not just quantity.Sorry,I forgot to lock the box.My daughter was born on August 14th,1994.They heard an important report in the auditorium four days ago.Unit Six Vowels:Back VowelsC/u/&/u:/focusedPhrases:a good cook push and pull took
35、some sugarfull of wood shook the foot a small bulleta huge spoon blue shoes choose twocool weather a small zoo Sentences:Try as I would,I could do nothing,so I took a broom and left the room.The cook stood still and looked at the sugar.Dont lose the opportunity.Your spoon wont be useful for noodles.
36、What do you choose to do this afternoon?Unit Seven Vowels:DiphthongsA/ei/&/ai/&/i/Phrases:great changesMay DayLabour Daypay daythe same waycame againmake haytake it awaya railway stationtime and tidestrike the ironfrom time to timeat five past fiveSentences:A penny saved is a penny gained.We all had
37、 a good time in the May Day Celebrations.Great minds think alike.I see a fine bike on the right side.Unit Seven Vowels:DiphthongsB/au/&/u/focusedPhrases:around the house pronounce loudly a thousand flowersdown south a rolling stone close the windowa hole in the coat go homeSentences:Open your mouth
38、and round your lips.He spends hour after hour in the garden among his flowers.Teach us how to plough.Oh,no,dont go home alone.Do in Rome as the Romans do.Unit Seven Vowels:DiphthongsC/i/,/e/&/u/focusedPhrases:mysterious ideas from ear to ear serious and fiercewear and tear prepare carefully various
39、chairsa curious tourist furious jewelers sure to winSentences:Dear,dear,it appears that he fears our being here.They cheered the hero when he appeared.Take care,theres a chair at the foot of the stairs.The bear is eating the pear on the square.Im sure thats pure gold.Fewer tourists visit the rural a
40、reas.Unit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstressed SyllablesIn this unit,we will learn more about stressed syllables&unstressed syllables.音节（音节（Syllable）音节是词的构成单位。就语音形式而言，音节由音素构成；音节是词的构成单位。就语音形式而言，音节由音素构成；就书写形式而言，音节由字母构成。一个音节的结构可以就书写形式而言，音节由字母构成。一个音节的结构可以有如下情况：有如下情况：1.一个元音一个元音(一个元音字母或元音字母组合一个元音字母或元音字母组合)
41、.例如例如:I ai eye ai2.一个或几个辅音一个或几个辅音+一个元音一个元音(一个或几个辅音字母一个或几个辅音字母,或辅音字或辅音字母组合母组合+一个元音字母或元音字母组合一个元音字母或元音字母组合)。例如。例如:no nu me mi:three ri:Sky skai3.一个元音一个元音+一个或几个辅音一个或几个辅音(一个元音字母或元音组合一个元音字母或元音组合+一个一个或几个辅音字母或几个辅音字母,或辅音字母组合或辅音字母组合)。例如。例如:it it eat i:t aunt a:nt eight eitUnit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstres
42、sed Syllables4.一个或几个辅音一个或几个辅音+一个元音一个元音+一个或几个辅音一个或几个辅音(一个或几个辅音字母一个或几个辅音字母,或辅或辅音字母组合音字母组合+一个元音字母或元音字母组合一个元音字母或元音字母组合+一个或几个辅音字母，或辅一个或几个辅音字母，或辅音字母组合音字母组合)。例如：。例如：spring spri street stri:t back bk help help read ri:d brush br about abaut5.一个辅音一个辅音+l,n 或或 m。例如：。例如：apple pl little litl lesson lesn seven se
43、vn Marxism ma:ksizm 从以上所述可以看出，元音（元音字母或元音字母组合）是音节的从以上所述可以看出，元音（元音字母或元音字母组合）是音节的主体。一个音节必须包含一个元音（元音字母或元音字母组合）。主体。一个音节必须包含一个元音（元音字母或元音字母组合）。单独一个或几个辅音（辅音字母或辅音字母组合）不能构成音节；单独一个或几个辅音（辅音字母或辅音字母组合）不能构成音节；只有只有l,n 或或 m可以与它前面的辅音构成音节，因此它们称为可以与它前面的辅音构成音节，因此它们称为成音节。成音节。Unit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstressed Sylla
44、bles英语单词按其所包含的音节的数目可以分为：英语单词按其所包含的音节的数目可以分为：Single-Syllable Words:I,a,no,me,not,note,stand,FrenchDouble-Syllable Words:party,comrade,blackboardMulti-Syllable Words:professor,department,American,modernization,adversity,potential,alcoholic,globalization,penetrate,tapestry,drastically音节分重读音节（音节分重读音节（St
45、ressed Syllable）和非重读音节（）和非重读音节（Unstressed Syllable）。）。在读双音节词或多音节词时，至少有一个音节读得重而强，这个音节称为在读双音节词或多音节词时，至少有一个音节读得重而强，这个音节称为重读音节。其余音节相对地读得轻而弱，称为非重读音节。有时一个多音重读音节。其余音节相对地读得轻而弱，称为非重读音节。有时一个多音节词可能有两个重音，一个是主要重音，另一个是次重音；有时两个都是节词可能有两个重音，一个是主要重音，另一个是次重音；有时两个都是主要重音。主要重音用符号主要重音。主要重音用符号表示，次重音用符号表示，次重音用符号表示。例如：表示。例如：
46、worker peasant conversation pronunciation television sixteen Chinese afternoon单音节词单独念时，一律重读。但在单独注音时通常不加重音符号。例如：单音节词单独念时，一律重读。但在单独注音时通常不加重音符号。例如：brush help bedUnit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstressed Syllables In a word,three degrees of stress can be found in English:primary,secondary,and zero.The te
47、rm Primary stress refers to the strong emphasis a speaker puts on the most important syllable of a particular word.Secondary stress refers to a less strong emphasis on the next most important syllable.Zero Stress refers to any syllable that receives no stress,such syllables are called unstressed syl
48、lables.In other words,an unstressed syllable receives no intensity or loudness at all.In words like timetable and operation we find three degrees of stress.The frequent occurrence of the unstressed syllable is one of the fundamental characteristics of spoken English,and the one that most distinguish
49、es English from Chinese.Unit Eight Stressed Syllables&Unstressed SyllablesDivide the syllables of the following words:beginpeopleblackboard machineholidaynumberschooling universitypicture hospitalneighbor wonderfulUnit Nine Stressed Words&UnstressedWords in a SentenceIn this unit we will learn stres
50、sed and unstressed syllables in sentences.What to stress in a sentence?In an English utterance,stressed words give information for the listener and unstressed words join the information words together.Correct pronunciation of stressed and unstressed words is thus extremely important for effective co