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1、高考英语二轮复习专项限时训练阅读理解（十八）AEvery day we meet people in a number of business and social situations. And the way we meet and greet them creates an impression. Its important to do so in a proper way, no matter whether you are introducing yourself to someone, or introducing two people. To keep you aware of
2、this, we have gathered tips on how to make a proper introduction. Always stand when making an introduction. When you are seated and someone comes up to greet you, make the effort to stand up. By doing this, you show respect for yourself and for the other person. Always keep eye contact while making
3、an introduction. Many people are not aware of the value of this simple action. When you make eye contact, you are giving a confident image. Always introduce a person of lesser authority to one of greater authority. The most important thing to remember is to say the most important persons name first.
4、 For example, when introducing your supervisor to a job candidate (求职应征者), you would give your supervisors name first. “Bob Jones, may I introduce Susan Lee, who has just graduated from ABC University?”In a situation where rank is unimportant, an introduction is based on sex and age. A man is presen
5、ted to a woman and a younger woman to an older woman. What if you find yourself in a situation where you have forgotten the other persons name? Start with a handshake and reintroduce (再介绍) yourself. When doing this, you will usually cause the other person to do the same. However, if the other person
6、 does not take your suggestion, it is OK simply to apologize and let the person know that you cannot remember her or his name. This is not the ideal situation, of course, but it does happen to all of us. The other person should be forgiving. 1. The article gives you advice on _.A. how to make a self
7、-introduction B. how to make a proper introduction C. how to leave a good impression on people D. how to greet people in social situations 2. According to the passage, people will think you are _ if you dont make eye contact with them. A. not honest B. not confident C. shy D. unfriendly 3. What shou
8、ld you do when you introduce a new worker to your boss?A. You should not give your boss name. B. You should give the new workers name first. C. You neednt give your boss name D. You should give your boss name first 4. If you forget the other persons name, youd better _.A. ask him/her directly B. apo
9、logize first and then ask him/her C. shake hands with the person and reintroduce yourself D. consider his age first BIn the U.S., people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they dont know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large
10、 one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without first asking if it will disturb them. At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you ord
11、er coffee, you may get a free refill. Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day. Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many peo
12、ple. If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself. Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinn
13、er”. This is an especially big noon meal. Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money the
14、re. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change. 5. Which statement is true?A. American people like sitting with people they dont know. B. Tips shouldnt be given to the waiter or waitress.C. Orange juice is served before you order D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people w
15、ho sit at the same table mind their smoking. 6. What does the underlined word “doggie bag” mean in the article? It means _.A. a bag with a picture of a dog on itB. a bag used to carry dogsC. a small bag for taking the food left over home to enjoy it laterD. a small bag for taking the food left over
16、home for dogs7. Sunday dinner is _.A. a dinner in the evening B. a big noon meal C. a big lunch Sunday D. a supper on Sunday 8. If a person pays 200 yuan in a restaurant, how many tips are given to the waiter?A. 30 yuan. B. 60 yuan. C. 80 yuan. D. 90 yuan.CIt is quite reasonable to blame traffic jam
17、s, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the drivers seat is another matter altogether. Road pol
18、iteness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A frien
19、dly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it. Ho
20、wever, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to
21、. It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies. An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfor
22、tunately, modern drivers cant even learn to drive, let alone master the roadmanship. Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart. 9. According to the passage,
23、 troubles on the road are often caused by _.A. road conditions B. the speed of modern life C. the behavior of the drivers D. the large number of cars 10. In the writers opinion, _.A. drivers should avoid traffic jams B. strict traffic rules are badly needed C. unskillful drivers should be punished D
24、. drivers should show road politeness properly 11. The underlined word “give-and-take” in the last paragraph means “_”.A. politeness and impoliteness B. good manners and bad manners C. offering help to others as much as possible D. willingness of each person to give in to each others wishes 12. What
25、 is the best title of the passage?A. Road politeness B. Traffic problems C. Bad manners on the road D. Good divers and bad drivers D Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term these specialists use when talking about the feelings that people
26、 have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers be
27、gin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more. There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systemsthe telephone, post office, or transportationmay be difficult to work out. The most sim
28、ple things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult. Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were succe
29、ssful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image. Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may b
30、e homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves for the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to mak
31、e the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experiencethese are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.13. When people move to a new country, they _.A. will get used to their new surrounding with difficulty B. have well prepared for the ne
32、w surroundings C. will get used to the culture of the country quickly D. will never be familiar with culture of the country 14. According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except _. A. language communication B. weather conditions and customs C. publ
33、ic service systems D. homesickness 15. According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, _.A. the fewer difficulties you may have abroad B. the more difficulties you may have abroad C. the more money you will earn abroad D. the less homesick you will feel abroad 16. What is the main ide
34、a of the last passage?A. Escape unfamiliar environment B. The feeling of homesickness.C. Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock.D. The best way to overcome culture shock: get familiar with the new culture. E The mobile phone has been a part of our lives since the 1980s. It enables us to
35、 stay in contact with our family and friends at all times and in most areas. However, because of the quick acceptance and extensive usage of mobiles in our lives, we have missed out on an important step, namely, the appropriate (恰当的)use. Driving a car Do not use your phone while you are driving ! Yo
36、u could concentrate on your conversation and forget to look where you are going, or you could take your eyes off the road to look at the phones display or to press in a number. Either way, you could cause a terrible accident. In a restaurant There is probably nothing more annoying than a diner recei
37、ving or making a call near you when you are in a restaurant. The icy glares you receive should be warning enough that it is not appreciated. Turn you phone off and enough that it is not appreciated. Turn you phone off and use your message service to return calls after you leave. At the cinema Do not
38、 give way to the desire to call a friend if the film is boring, or if you want to find out what happens. You could become the target of all the angry cinema customers. At the theatre There is no more icy glare than that of a theatre goer who has paid a lot of money to see a show and hears your phone
39、 playing a tone. It goes without saying that you will be seen as a socially unacceptable person in this situation. In hospitals This is probably the most important place to make sure your phone is switched off. Your phone can disturb life-saving electronic equipment in hospitals, so it is necessary
40、that your phone is switched off before you enter. On planes Your phone might disturb navigational equipment and cause a horrible accident so you should switch it off before boarding a plane. 17. According to the passage, the most annoying thing in a restaurant is that _.A. you receive icy glares B.
41、a nearby diner is answering a phone call C. you have to use the message service D. you can not return calls until after you leave 18. Which of the following statements is NOT true ?A. Theatre goers will not give you icy glares when they hear your phone. B. When switched on in hospitals, mobile phone
42、s could endanger patients lives. C. Passengers should switch off the phones before getting on a plane. D. Pressing in phone numbers when driving could lead to traffic accidents. 19. The passage mainly describes _.A. different functions of mobile phones B. the overuse of mobile phones on some occasio
43、ns C. some areas where message service is forbidden D. the proper use of mobile phones in some public places 20.What does the underlined word “concentrate on” mean in the article? It means _.A. make something strongerB. carry onC. pay particular attentionD. think something clearly答案与解析A1. B 本题考查归纳主旨
44、大意的能力。本文是社交礼仪方面的应用文。第一段是本文内容的一个总括，然后再分别介绍人们在不同场合的礼仪。其他选项都是文章的细节而不是主题。2. B 本题考查理解文章细节的能力。从第二个中“When you make eye contact, you are giving a confident image.”可知跟对方目光接触会让对方认为你自信。其他选项都没有准确捕捉文章的关键信息。3. D 本题考查根据文章有关细节进行推理判断的能力。从第三个中“For example, when introducing your supervisor to a job candidate(求职应征者), y
45、ou would give your supervisors name first.”可以说明，你在向一个地位重要的人物介绍一个地位不太重要的人物时，应先说地位重要者的名字。4. C 本题考查理解文章细节的能力。由文章倒数第二段“What if you find yourself in a situation where you have forgotten the other persons name? Start with a handshake and reintroduce (再介绍) yourself.”可知,当你忘记了对方的名字时，你应首先与对方握手，然后再一次做自我介绍。其他选项
46、都没有准确表达这一信息。B5. D 本题考查根据文章相关信息进行正误判断的能力。信息在第一段最后一句“If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without first asking if it will disturb them.”可判断D项符合题意。由第一句“In the U.S., people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they dont know. ”可判断A项
47、错误；由最后一段第二句“A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave.”可判断B项错误；再由第二段第一句“At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order.”可判断C项错误。6. C 本题考查根据文章上下文信息猜测词义的能力。依据第四段“doggie bag”前后的句子可知美国人在餐馆里吃不了时，就要一个袋子带回家去自己享用。其他选项与原文信息不
48、符。7. B 本题考查迅速查寻文中细节的能力。依据第五段最后一句“Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal. “可知答案为B。其他选项缺乏原文的信息支持。8. A 本题考查根据文中细节进行简单推算的能力。由最后一段“A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave.”可以推算：20015%=30。C9. C 本题考查对文中细节进行归纳整合的能力。由第一句“but manners on the r