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1、英语四级写作指导英语四级写作指导晴天霹雳：2011.12.17！Writing(30 minutes)Writing(30 minutes)Directions:Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitledNothing Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillSucceeds Without a Strong Willby commenting on the humorous saying,“Quitting smoking is th
2、e easiest thing in the world.Ive done it hundreds of times.You should write at least120120words but no more than180180words.评分等级共分五档2，5，8，11，148分 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。历史上至今出现过的文体1.1.20042004年年6 6月月 A Brief Introduction to a Tourist A Brief Introductio
3、n to a Tourist AttractionAttraction2.2.20052005年年1 1月月 A Campaign SpeechA Campaign Speech3.3.20032003年年1 1月月 An Eye-witness AccountAn Eye-witness Account4.4.20022002年年6 6月月 Chart Chart 图表表题5.5.20062006年年6 6月月 老四老四级 A Poster Recruiting VolunteersA Poster Recruiting Volunteers6.6.Letter Letter 约3 3次次7
4、.7.20072007年年6 6月月 An Announcement to Welcome An Announcement to Welcome Students to Join to a ClubStudents to Join to a Club建议写作流程（5+20+5）1.仔细审题！（分析题目属于那种类型，确定基本写作思路，确保不跑题）2.简单罗列中文提纲（具体用到哪些例子阐述、以免重复）3.具体行文，注意避免简单语法或搭配错误4.审视（字数、意思是否完整，是否紧扣中文提示）万变不离其宗把握基本出题类型1.对立观点题2.解决问题3.现象解释题4.谚语警句5.应用写作题6.图表图画题段落
5、明晰，字迹清楚紧扣中文，有头有尾要想及格，字数不少要想突破，连词新意要想高分，语言闪光词汇句式，避免重复语言简练，内容得当准确翻译中文提示乃神器看似简单的箴言背景转述课涉及到的写作手法之1.以社会现象和概述开始Currently/at the present/nowadayspeople talk about a lotWith the development of XXX,many people can It is the common concern that2.借作者之口，他的直接论点开始It is essential thatvital/key/crucial/critical/sig
6、nificantWe strongly believe thatsuggest/claim/guessThere is no doubt that开头段总是乏善可陈3.提出问题开始When it comes to.,some people may suggest that,while othersWhere is the future of?4.引用名言警句开始As the saying goesThere is an old Chinese proverb saysXXX once said悲悯天人的观点论证型1.你同意既有的观点开头提出观点+中间段论证+总结2.不同意或存在对立开头背景段提
7、出某些人的观点，第二段用转折词或句引出另一部分人的观点，结尾段强调个人的观点和解决问题办法，最后总结但凡见how或应该就是问题解决型1.提出需解决问题的重要性2.简单分析其成因，提出解决办法或措施3.最后表态，展望前景隐秘晦涩的原因现象解释型中文提示中必定有影响二字，而同时现象的表象特征和原因也相当明显如有两段中文提示，可自行添加个人评论扩长为三段式1.描述现象背景句+具体表现2.阐释原因中文主题翻译+原因/3.揭示影响影响为何4.个人评价段建议、措施绝对坑爹的谚语警句型A blessing in disguise.Dont count your chicken before they are
8、 hatched.Every dog has its day.1.解释含义2.举例说明3.总结发挥文章的核心-中间段展开的方式之展开的方式之 例例证（主（主题句后）句后）1.1.A excellent/typical/vivid/concrete/opposite A excellent/typical/vivid/concrete/opposite illustration/demonstration/example of this isillustration/demonstration/example of this is2.2.To prove that,I can give you
9、a good exampleTo prove that,I can give you a good example-条理清晰的条理清晰的时刻到了！刻到了！1.1.First of allfurthermore.finallyFirst of allfurthermore.finally2.2.To begin with,next,lastlyTo begin with,next,lastly3.3.Besidesin additionwhats more as well asBesidesin additionwhats more as well asMoreoverlast but not
10、least Moreoverlast but not least 逻辑逻辑！之因：之因：thanks/due/owing tois resulted fromthis is the thanks/due/owing tois resulted fromthis is the reason whyon account ofin the light ofXXX is reason whyon account ofin the light ofXXX is caused bysincecaused bysince之果：之果：consequentlythereforethushence.is cons
11、equentlythereforethushence.is responsible for.XXX contributes to.responsible for.XXX contributes to.之比之比较：compared withby comparisonthere is a compared withby comparisonthere is a sharp contrast/gap betweenandthe pro and con sharp contrast/gap betweenandthe pro and con ofXXX outweighs/outnumbersever
12、ything is two-ofXXX outweighs/outnumberseverything is two-sidedconverselysidedconversely先抑后先抑后扬之之让步法步法Although many people hold the view that,it is not.Although many people hold the view that,it is not.Admittedly.howeverAdmittedly.howeverSome people may say that.but it is not always the caseSome peo
13、ple may say that.but it is not always the caseOn the surface it may be a good idea,but examining closely,On the surface it may be a good idea,but examining closely,we will find thatwe will find that统领全文的结尾段1.1.首尾呼首尾呼应的用名人名言段落的用名人名言段落结尾尾2.2.归纳概括全文内容概括全文内容To sum up/conclude;in conclusion;to generalize
14、;through To sum up/conclude;in conclusion;to generalize;through the analysis above,we can conclude that;altogether;from the analysis above,we can conclude that;altogether;from what we have discussed above,we can say that;the overall what we have discussed above,we can say that;the overall situation
15、suggests that;situation suggests that;3.3.提出自己的解决方法提出自己的解决方法4.4.提出自己的展望提出自己的展望5.5.以以问题结尾尾PLEASE!NO MORE SHOULD/CAN/MAKE!1.1.其他的人其他的人 the public;human beings;individuals;the public;human beings;individuals;2.2.重要的事情重要的事情 be indispensable tobe indispensable toXxx plays irreplaceable/unique/increasingl
16、y significant role Xxx plays irreplaceable/unique/increasingly significant role inin3.3.许许多多的多多的 numerous;countless;a numerous;countless;a considerable/huge/great number ofconsiderable/huge/great number of4.4.每况愈下每况愈下 growing/increasing numbers=more and moregrowing/increasing numbers=more and more5.
17、5.此此时此刻此刻 currently;in contemporary/present-day society;currently;in contemporary/present-day society;nowadaysnowadays6.6.未来未来 tend totend to7.cause=give rise to;bring about;7.cause=give rise to;bring about;8.Pay attention to=place great emphasis on sth;attach much 8.Pay attention to=place great emp
18、hasis on sth;attach much significance tosignificance to9.9.化成灰都化成灰都认得的得的enhance=improve=promote=strengthenenhance=improve=promote=strengthen10.Think10.Think的分身多得你的分身多得你难以想象以想象 believe;consider;judge;believe;consider;judge;assume;claim;guess;argue;insist;maintain;conclude assume;claim;guess;argue;ins
19、ist;maintain;conclude hold the opinion thathold the opinion that11.11.你知我知他知你知我知他知 its commonly believed that;its universally its commonly believed that;its universally acknowledged that;its widely accepted thatacknowledged that;its widely accepted that12.12.无法否无法否认的是的是 its undeniable that;there is
20、no denying its undeniable that;there is no denying that;it goes without saying thatthat;it goes without saying that13.develop;advance;progress13.develop;advance;progress14.14.那一定是那一定是剧烈的烈的 dramatic;drastic;sharp;radical;dramatic;drastic;sharp;radical;remarkable;enormous;surprisingremarkable;enormous;surprising15.should=ought to=suppose=youd better15.should=ought to=suppose=youd better