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1、专题二 形容词和副词考点一: 形容词和副词的基本用法一). 形容词主要用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词在句中可用作表语、定语、补语等。如:1.形容词主要在下列动词后作宾补:1)表示器官,感觉的动词,如:feel,find,see等。She felt the palm of his hand wet with sweat.她感觉她的手掌汗湿了。I found the cage empty.我发觉笼子空了。2) 表示致使的动词,如:cause,get,have leave,make,set,turn等。He got his shoes and socks wet.
2、他把鞋袜都弄湿了。2.形容词有时也可以作状语表示伴随或结果,形容词作状语表示足浴的状态,并不表达动作的方式。如:After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.3. 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。如:He knew London very well. 他对伦敦很熟悉。You need to form the habit of reading carefully. 你需要养成仔细阅读的习惯。1)here, there,
3、in, out, away, abroad等少数副词也可以作表语;here, there, home, abroad, below等表示地点或方位的词及today, tomorrow, yesterday, back, out等表示时间或动词方向词还可以作定语。如:I dont think she is here now. 我认为她现在不在这里。Most people there are farmers. 那里多数人都是农民。2) 有些副词还可以作连词,作副词时常放在句末。如:though,since,in case等。He is old. He works hard,though.=Toug
4、h, he is old. He works hard.3) can not/never 与enough或not连用表示:无论怎样都不过分;越.越好。You can never be too careful in the street.在大街上你越小心越好。考点二: 形容词、副词表示倍数的句型表示倍数的句型归纳:倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as+比较对象。如:This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+比较对象。如:This bridge is three times longe
5、r than that one. 这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。倍数+the size / length / weight.+ of+比较对象。如:This bridge is three times the length of that one. 这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。倍数+what引导的从句。如:The college is twice what it was 5 years ago. 这所大学是它五年前的两倍大。倍数+that+of+比较对象。如:The output of this year is three times that of 2008.今年的产量是2008年的三倍。考点三: 形
6、容词、副词的比较等级1. “as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较。如:It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。2.“as+原级+as”时,用“not so /as + 原级 + as +比较对象”来表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或程度上相同(不同)。如:Im not as so lucky as you. 我不像你那么幸运。He doesnt study as so hard as Mary. 他学习不如玛丽努力。3.
7、“the +比较级+of the two+名词”表示“两者中较的那个” 如:The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。4. a+形容词比较级+n. 如:After two years research, we have a far better understanding of the disease.研究两年以后,现在我们进一步了解了这种病。5.表示“越来越”时,用“比较级 + and + 比较级”。如:Your English is getting better and better. 你的英语越来越好了。Its bec
8、oming more and more difficult to find a job. 找工作越来越困难了。6. 表示“越就越”时,用“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”。如:The younger you are, the easier it is to learn. 年纪越轻,学习越容易。The more money you make, the more you spend. 你挣的钱越多,花的钱也越多。7. “否定词+比较级”相当于最高级。如:Ive never seen a nicer bird than this one.=This bird is the nicest bird Ive ever seen. 这是我所见过的最好的鸟。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice. 她唱得多好啊!我从来没有听过这么动听的声音。8.最高级常见的修饰语有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost, by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like.比较级的修饰语常有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(),a lot, a little,a great deal,by far,a bit等。