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1、Z 2020 年高一化学必修二全册知识点总结归纳总复习提纲（期末用）第一章物质结构元素周期律一、原子结构质子（Z个）原子核注意：中子（N个）质量数(A)质子数(Z)中子数(N)1.原子（A X）原子序数=核电荷数=质子数=原子的核外电子数核外电子（Z 个）阴离子的核外电子数=质子数 电荷数（）阳离子的核外电子数=质子数 电荷数（）熟背前 20 号元素，熟悉 120号元素原子核外电子的排布：H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca 2.原子核外电子的排布规律：电子总是尽先排布在能量最低的电子层里；各电子层最多容纳的电子数是2n2；最外层
2、电子数不超过8 个（K层为最外层不超过2 个），次外层不超过18 个，倒数第三层电子数不超过 32 个。电子层：一（能量最低）二三四五六七对应表示符号：K L M N O P Q 3.元素、核素、同位素元素：具有相同核电荷数的同一类原子的总称。核素：具有一定数目的质子和一定数目的中子的一种原子。同位素：质子数相同而中子数不同的同一元素的不同原子互称为同位素。(对于原子来说)二、元素周期表1.编排原则：按原子序数递增的顺序从左到右排列将电子层数相同的各元素从左到右排成一横行。（周期序数原子的电子层数）把最外层电子数相同的元素按电子层数递增的顺序从上到下排成一纵行。文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
3、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
4、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
5、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
6、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
7、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
8、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
9、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8主族序数原子最外层电子数（过渡元素的族序数不一定等于最外层电子数）2.结构特点：核外电子层数元素种类第一周期 1 2种元素短周期第二周期 2 8种元素周期第三周期 3 8种元素元（7 个横行）第四周期 4 18种元素素（7 个周期）第五周期 5 18种元素周长周期第六周期 6 32种元素期第七周期 7 未填满（已有 26 种元素）表主族：AA共 7 个主族文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
10、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
11、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
12、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
13、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
14、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
15、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
16、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8族副族：BB、BB，共 7 个副族（18 个纵行）第族：三个纵行，位于B和B之间（16 个族）零族：稀有气体加上三、元素周期律1.元素周期律：元素的性质（核外电子排布、原子半径、主要化合价、金属性、非金属性）随着核电荷数的递增而呈周期性变化的规律。元素性质的周期性变化实质是元素原子核外电子排布的周期性变化的必然结果。2.同周期元素性质递变规律第三周期元素11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si
17、 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar(1)电子排布电子层数相同，最外层电子数依次增加(2)原子半径原子半径依次减小(3)主要化合价1 2 3 4 4 5 3 6 2 7 1(4)金 属性、非金属性金属性减弱，非金属性增加(5)单质与冷水热水与与酸反文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
18、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
19、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
20、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
21、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
22、 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9
23、I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8水 或 酸 置换难易剧烈酸快应慢(6)氢化物的化学式SiH4PH3H2S HCl(7)与 H2化合的难易由难到易
24、(8)氢化物的稳定性稳定性增强(9)最高价氧 化 物 的化学式Na2O MgO Al2O3SiO2 P2O5 SO3 Cl2O7 最高价氧化物对应水化物(10)化 学式NaOH Mg(OH)2 Al(OH)3 H2SiO3H3PO4 H2SO4 HClO4(11)酸 碱性强碱中强碱两性氢氧化物弱酸中强酸强酸很强的酸(12)变 化规律碱性减弱，酸性增强文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码
25、:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9
26、P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码
27、:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9
28、P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码
29、:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9
30、P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8第A 族
31、碱金属元素：Li Na K Rb Cs Fr （Fr 是金属性最强的元素，位于周期表左下方）第A族卤族元素：F Cl Br I At （F 是非金属性最强的元素，位于周期表右上方）判断元素金属性和非金属性强弱的方法：（1）金属性强（弱）单质与水或酸反应生成氢气容易（难）；氢氧化物碱性强（弱）；相互置换反应（强制弱）FeCuSO4FeSO4Cu。单质的还原性（或离子的氧化性）原电池中正负极判断，金属腐蚀难易；（2）非金属性强（弱）单质与氢气易（难）反应；生成的氢化物稳定（不稳定）；最高价氧化物的水化物（含氧酸）酸性强（弱）；相互置换反应（强制弱）2NaBr Cl22NaClBr2。单质的氧化性（
32、或离子的还原性）；（）同周期比较：金属性：Na Mg Al 与酸或水反应：从易难碱性：NaOH Mg(OH)2Al(OH)3非金属性：SiPSCl 单质与氢气反应：从难易氢化物稳定性：SiH4PH3H2SHCl 酸性(含氧酸)：H2SiO3H3PO4H2SO4HClO4（）同主族比较：文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
33、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
34、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
35、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
36、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
37、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
38、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8金属性：Li Na KRbCs（碱金属元素）与酸或水反应：从难易碱性：Li
39、OHNaOH KOH RbOHCsOH 非金属性：FClBrI（卤族元素）单质与氢气反应：从易难氢化物稳定：HFHClHBrHI（）金属性：Li Na KRbCs 还原性(失电子能力)：Li Na KRb Cs 氧化性(得电子能力)：LiNaKRbCs非金属性：FClBrI 氧化性：F2Cl2Br2I2 还原性：FClBrI酸性(无氧酸)：HF HClHBrHI 文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
40、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
41、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
42、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
43、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
44、1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6
45、HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I
46、1C8注意：比较粒子(包括原子、离子)半径的方法：（1）先比较电子层数，电子层数多的半径大。（2）电子层数相同时，再比较核电荷数，核电荷数多的半径反而小。元素化合价规律最高正价=最外层电子数，非金属的负化合价 =最外层电子数8，最高正价数和负化合价绝对值之和为8；其代数和分别为：0、2、4、6。化合物氟元素、氧元素只有负价（-1、-2），但 HFO 中 F 为 0 价；金属元素只有正价；化合价与最外层电子数的奇、偶关系：最外层电子数为奇数的元素，其化合价通常为奇数，如 Cl 的化合价有+1、+3、+5、+7 和-1 价。最外层电子数为偶数的元素，其化合价通常为偶数，如 S的化合价有-2、+4、
47、+6 价。第二章化学键 化学反应与能量文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文
48、档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A
49、9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文
50、档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A9D9P7U1 ZX7R9K9I1C8文档编码:CM1X4D9W8J6 HY4A