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1、2019 年人教版初中生物七年级上册基础全套知识点总结范文1.生物学是研究（生命现象）和（生命活动规律）的科学。2.生物的特征：动物吃食物，植物光合作用制造有机物：（生物 的生活需要营养）;鲸呼气时产生雾状水柱，植物通过气孔吸收氧气，排出二氧化碳：（生物能进行呼吸）;人出汗、呼出气体和排尿，植物落叶：（生物能排出体内产生的 废物）;动物追猎物，含差草叶片合拢：（生物能对外界刺激作出反应）;植物产生种子，动物产卵、产崽：（生物能生长和繁殖）;除（病毒）外，生物都是由（细胞）构成的。3.有时因为调查的范围很大，不可能逐个调查，就要选取一部分调查对象作为（样本），这称为抽样调查。4.按照（形态结构）
2、特点，将生物归为（植物、动物）和其他生物三大类;也可以按照（生活环境）将生物划分为（陆生生物和水生生物）等;还可以按照用（用途）将生物分为作物、家禽、家畜宠物等。5.地球上（适合生物生存的地方）其实只是它表面的一薄层，科 学家把这一薄层叫做（生物圈）。6.如果以（海平面）为标准来划分，生物圈向上可达约（10 千米）的高度，向下可深入（10 千米）左右的深处。这个厚度为20 千米左右的圈层，包括（大气圈的底部）、（水圈的大部）和（岩石圈的表面）。7.大气圈是由（多种气体）组成的，如氮气、氧气、二氧化碳等。8.水圈包括地球上（全部的海洋和江河湖泊）。9.（岩石圈）是地球表层的固体部分。它的表面大多
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9、0Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3土壤，是一切陆生生物的立足点。10.动物植物等所有生物生存所需要的基本条件是一样的，它们都需要（营养物质）、（阳光）、（空气和水），还有（适宜的温度）和（一 定的生存空间）。动物需要的营养物质是（食物），植物需要的营养物质（即肥料）是（无机盐）。11.影响生
10、物生活的环境因素可以分为两类，一类是（光、温度、水、空气等）非生物因素，另一类是生物因素。生物因素是指影响某种生物生活的其他生物，如（草、细菌等）都可能是生物因素。12.探究的一般过程是从（发现问题、提出问题）开始的。探究的 一般过程包括（提出问题、作出假设、制定计划、实施计划、得出结论、表达和交流）。13.做完实验后，要把小动物（放回适合它们生存的自然环境中，即放生）。14.在光对鼠妇生活的影响探究实验中，使这两种环境中除（光 照）外，湿度、温度等其他条件都相同。也就是说，只有光照是不同的，光照就是这个实验中的（变量）。文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q
11、3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5
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15、O5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE
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17、L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T315.在研究一种条件对研究对象的影响时，所进行的除这种条件不同以外，其他条件都相同的实验，叫做（对照实验）。例如：探究“光对鼠妇生活的影响”实验中，设计（阴暗）、（明亮）两种环境，其他条件都相同，就是对照实验。16.生物与生物之间，最常见的是（捕食）关系，如七星瓢虫捕食蚜虫。还有（竞争）关系，如稻田里的水稻和杂草;（合作）关系如蚂蚁、
18、蜜蜂等昆虫组成的大家庭。17.生物与环境的关系：生物与环境（相互依存，相互影响）。18.生物对环境的（适应）如：骆驼尿液少，体温升到46 C时才 出汗;沙漠中的植物大多根系发达，叶片退化成刺等。生物对环境的（影响）如：蚯蚓改良土壤，植物保持水土等。19.在一定地域内，（生物）与（环境）所形成的统一的整体叫做（生态系统）。文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9
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24、3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7
25、R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T320.（植物）能够（通过光合作用制造有机物），是生态系统中的（生产者）;（动物）不能自己制造（有机物），它们直接或间接地以植物为食，因而叫做（消费者）;（细菌）和（真菌）能将（有机物）分解成简单的（无机物），是生态系统中的（分解者）。生态系统的组成成分中除了有生物外，还有（非 生物部分），如（阳光）、（空气）和（水）等。（植物一一生产者，动物消费者，细菌和真菌分解者）。21.生产者和消费者之间的关系，主要是（吃与被吃）的关系，这样就形成了（食物链）。22.一个生态系统中，往往有很多条食物链，它们彼此交错连接，形成了（食物网）。23.生态
26、系统中的（物质）和（能量）就是沿着（食物链）和（食物网）流动的。文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8
27、I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10
28、Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO
29、5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6
30、C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L
31、10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:
32、CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T324.在生态系统中，各种生物的数量虽然在不断地变化着，但是在 一般情况下，生态系统中各种生物的数量和所占的比例是相对稳定的。这说明生态系统具有一定的自动调节能力。但这种调节能力是有一定限度的。如果外界
33、干扰超过了这个限度，生态系统就会遭到破坏。25.当人类排放的有毒物质进入生态系统，有毒物质会通过（食 物链）不断积累，叫做（生物富集）。会危害生态系统中的许多生物，最终威胁人类自身。食物链中营养级别（越高）生物，体内有毒物质积累越多。（在一条食物链中，第一个是生产者植物，越往终端走能量越来越少，有毒物质积累越多。也就是说第一个植物能量最多，有毒物质最少，最后一个动物得到的能量最少，有毒物质积累最多）。26.生物圈中的生态系统有（森林生态系统）、（草原生态系统）、（海洋生态系统）、（淡水生态系统）、（湿地生态系统）、（农田生态系统）、（城市生态系统）等。27.（生物圈）是一个统一的整体，是地球上
34、最大的生态系统，是所有生物的共同家园。28.使用显微镜：文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5
35、O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5
36、T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L
37、7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8
38、V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3
39、Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S
40、1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3一、取镜和安放：1、右手握镜臂，左手托住镜座。2、把显微镜放在实验台距边缘（7 厘米）左右处，略偏（左）。安 装好（目镜）和（物镜）。二、对光：3、转动（转换器），使（低倍物镜）对准通光孔（物镜前端与载物台要
41、保持2 厘米距离）4、把一个（较大的）光圈对准通光孔。一只眼注视（目镜内），另一只眼（睁开）。转动（反光镜），使光线通过（通光孔）反射到镜筒内。通过目镜可以看到（白亮的）圆形视野。三、观察：5、把所要观察的玻片标本放在载物台上，用压片夹压住，玻片标本要正对（通光孔的中心）。6、转动（粗准焦螺旋），使镜筒（缓缓下降），直到（物镜接近玻片标本）为止（此时眼睛一定要看着物镜）。文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB
42、8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编
43、码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9
44、 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1
45、ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文
46、档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3
47、I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O
48、1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T37、一只眼向（目镜）内看，同时（逆时针）方向转动（粗准焦螺旋），使镜筒缓缓上升直到（看清物像）为止。再略微转动（细准焦螺旋），使看到的物像更加清晰。四、清洁收镜：实验完毕，把显微镜的外表擦拭干净。如需擦拭目镜和物镜，请用（擦镜纸）。转动（转换器），把两个物镜（偏到两旁），并将镜筒（缓缓下 降到最低处）。最后把显微镜放进（镜箱里），送回原处。29.从目镜内看到的物像是（倒像）。（目镜与物镜放大倍数的乘 积）就是显微镜的放大倍数。放大倍数越大，看到的细胞体积就越大，显微镜下的细胞数目就（越
49、少）;放大倍数越小，看到的细胞体积就越小，显微镜下的细胞数目就（越多）。30.常用的玻片标本有以下三种：（切片）用从生物体上的薄 片制成;（涂片）用液体的生物材料经过涂抹制成;（装片）用从生物体上撕下或挑取的少量材料制成。这三种玻片标本都可以做成永久的或临时的。玻片标本的制作，需要载玻片和盖玻片。文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1
50、 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3文档编码:CO5S1L7R3I9 HE6C8I8V5O1 ZB8L10Q3Y5T3