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1、神经内科考试试题一.判断题1.颅神经共有 12对,其中 10 对自脑干进出.（）2.与吞咽有关的颅神经有舌咽神经,迷走神经 和 舌 下 神 经.（）3.最常发生同侧偏盲的疾病有大脑后动脉血栓形成，海绵窦血栓形成.()4.癫痫大发作均在全身抽搐阶段,先为阵挛期,继之为强直期.()5.眩晕,眼球运动障碍,吞咽困难,交叉性麻痹,失语症是基底动脉循环不足的症状.()6.TIA发作时,一过性黑朦主要是影响了双侧大脑后动脉的血液循环所致.()7.颈性眩晕只是因为椎动脉在颈横突孔穿行时受压造成椎-基底动脉缺血所致.()8.伸舌偏向左侧,并有舌肌萎缩,右侧肢体呈痉挛性麻痹,右侧巴彬斯基征阳性,病变部位在左侧延
2、髓.()9.Gerstmann 氏征群，主要涉及顶叶缘上回病变.()10.脑电图的睡眠诱发是基于睡眠中避免了精神活动的影响,所以异 常 波 容 易 显 示 出来.()二.选择题1.内囊前肢的血液供应主要来自()A.颞前动脉B.颞后动脉C.豆纹动脉D.回返动脉-前中央动脉E.顶后动脉2.病人出现旋转性眼球震颤定位多在()A.额叶B.颞叶C.小脑蚓部D.脑干E.小脑半球3.女,60 岁,3 月来反复出现数分钟左眼视力减退和右侧上下肢麻木 及 无 力.检 查 血 压140/90mmhg.神经系统检查正常,脑脊液正常.患者损害的血管位于()A.大脑前动脉B.大脑中动脉C.大脑后动脉D.椎-基底动脉E.
3、颈内动脉4.颅内动脉瘤的好发部位是()A.前交通动脉B.大脑中动脉水平段C.颈内动脉床突前段D.大脑后动脉E.后交通动脉起始部5.颅内脱水药效果较好的是()A.50%葡萄糖B.25%山梨醇C.甘油D.20%甘露醇E.白蛋白6.发病两周以内的格林-巴利综合征不易出现的是()A.四肢对称性弛缓性瘫B.四肢远端手套,袜子型感觉障碍.C.脑脊液出现细胞蛋白分离现象D.肌肉的压痛E.手足多汗,发红,肿胀7.那种情况最易引起偏瘫()A.小脑后下动脉闭塞B.大脑中动脉闭塞C.脊后动脉闭塞D.内听动脉闭塞E.小脑前下动脉闭塞8.下述哪一表现为假球麻痹所不具有()A.构音不清B.声音嘶哑C.喝水呛D.吞咽困难E
4、.舌肌麻痹9.女,25 岁,数日前出现面部,口周麻木感,复视,眩晕,走路不稳,嘱向右看时,左眼内收不能,右眼有水平性眼震,向左看时右眼内收不能,左眼水平眼震,辐辏反射正常,有共济失调,以下哪项可能性大()A.多发性硬化B.小脑肿瘤C.海绵窦静脉炎D.小脑梗塞E.中脑出血10.哪种疾病可出现霍纳氏综合征A.延髓背外侧综合征B.第三脑室肿瘤C.胸腺肿瘤D.原发性脑室出血精品w o r d 学习资料 可编辑资料-精心整理-欢迎下载-第 1 页，共 3 页E.小脑出血11.典型偏头痛与普通型偏头痛区别是()A.性别B.持续时间C.对麦角胺药物的反应D.脑电图改变E.有无先兆12.目前治疗三叉神经痛最有
5、效的药物是()A.苯妥英钠B.去痛片C.卡马西平D.654-2 E.维生素 B 13.脑栓塞的栓子来源最常见是()A.体循环动脉系统粥样硬化斑块脱落B.肺静脉栓塞C.心瓣膜赘生物心腔附壁血栓D.气栓E.脂肪拴14.脑栓塞形成不常见那种症状()A.神志不清B.颅压高C.肢体瘫痪D.脑膜刺激征E.癫痫发作15.右侧视束完全损伤时,出现()A.双颞侧偏盲B.双眼左同侧偏盲C.双眼右同侧偏盲D.左眼全盲E.右眼全盲16.下列哪种疾病膝腱反射减弱或消失()A.Adie 综合征B.颈椎椎间盘脱出C.麻痹性痴呆D.脑积水E.脑叶出血17.小脑出血好发部位在()A.小脑蚓部B.小脑半球C.顶核D.齿状核E.栓
6、状核18.肺炎双球菌脑膜炎的特点是()A.脑膜刺激征很明显B.易并发硬脑膜下积液C.脑脊液不易找到病原菌D.易有颅神经受损E.3 岁以上小儿多见19.多发性硬化病损部位主要在()A.白质B.灰质C.末梢神经D.植物神经E.周围神经20.哪种中毒后可出现震颤麻痹()A.铅中毒B.砷中毒C.磷中毒D.铊中毒E.汞中毒三.简答题:1.简述十二对颅神经出/入颅位置?2.偏头痛主要与何病鉴别?3.晕厥的主要临床类型是什么?4.重症肌无力的诊断依据?四.论述题:1.TIA的治疗?2.试 述共 济失 调的 分类.答案：判断：选择:DDEEDCBEAAECCDBADBAE 简答:1.I.前颅凹底筛板 II.视
7、神经孔 V.眼 支:眶 上裂.上颌支:圆孔.下颌支:卵圆孔.VII.VIII内耳孔 XII.舌下神经孔2.颅内动脉瘤;睫状神经痛;颞动脉炎;青光眼;头痛型癫痫;副鼻窦综合症.3.血管抑制性晕厥;直立性晕厥;颈动脉窦过敏性晕厥;排尿性晕厥;咳嗽性晕厥;妊娠期晕厥.4.临床症状:眼外肌,面肌,咀嚼肌,咽喉部肌肉和声带的无力,四肢近端肌无力.具备不稳定性,活动加重,休息减轻.阿托品,腾喜龙或新斯的明实验肌无力明显改善.论述:一.1.病因治 疗:如心 脏病,高血压病,糖尿病等的治疗.2.抗血小 板治疗:阿司匹林,氯吡格雷等.3.改善血 液循环:血管扩张药.4.抗凝治 疗:上述 治疗仍不能控制发作精品w
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