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1、合 同 成 立 未 生 效 的 情形 与 责 任 分 析学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，共 10 页 -合同成立未生效的情形与责任分析缔约中，合同成立和合同生效为两个不同阶段。多数情况下，若无当事人约定或法律特别规定，依合同法第四十四条第一款，“依法成立的合同，自成立时生效”。但如果缔约双方对合同生效约定了某种条件或期限，或根据法律、行政法规规定合同生效需履行一定批准、登记程序时，合同成立和合同生效在时间上就会出现分离。此时的合同，虽经缔约双方意思表示一致而成立，但其生效尚需等待条件成就、期限届至或法定程序处理完结。这个介于合同成立和合同生效的中间阶段就是合同成
2、立未生效。在合同成立未生效阶段，合同对当事人是否有约束力，有何种约束力；当合同一方当事人不正当地促成或阻止生效条件成就时，其行为性质如何看待，善意相对人享有何种救济方式，善意相对人因此而受到损失时，对方当事人又应承担何种责任；负有依照法律、行政法规规定办理批准、登记手续的积极作为义务的一方当事人不履行作为义务，应承担何种责任，善意相对人为追求合同生效之目的有何救济方式，等等，司法实践中多因法无具文明定而认识不同常致法律适用的不一致，因此，对这个问题进行深入探讨就显得尤为必要。一、合同成立未生效的情形根据合同法第四十四条第二款、第四十五条第一款和第四十六条，合同成立未生效主要有如下三种情形：1、
3、法定生效条件尚未成就学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码
4、:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1
5、HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 Z
6、N5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档
7、编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q
8、1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2
9、 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10合同法第四十四条第二款规定，“法律、行政法规规定应当办理批准、登记等手续生效的，依照其规定”。本款中依照法律、行政法规规定办理批准、登记等手续是合同生效的法定特别要
10、件。合同成立后，在依照法律、行政法规规定办理批准、登记等手续完成前，合同尚未发生法律效力。2、约定生效条件未成就合同法第四十五条第一款规定，“当事人对合同的效力可以约定附条件。附生效条件的合同，自条件成就时生效”。本款中，当事人附生效条件的约定是合同生效的约定特别要件。合同成立后，当事人约定的生效条件成就之前，合同尚未发生法律效力。3、约定生效期限未届至合同法第四十六条规定，“当事人对合同的效力可以约定附期限。附生效期限的合同，自期限届至时生效”。本条中，当事人附生效期限的约定是合同生效的约定特别要件。合同成立后，当事人约定的生效期限届至之前，合同尚未发生法律效力。二、合同成立未生效的特征合同
11、成立以当事人的意思表示一致为基本要件，而合同生效则标志着合同对当事人的拘束力开始发生。合同成立未生效处于合同成立至合同生效的期间，具有如下特征：学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2
12、R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M
13、9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y
14、3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4
15、L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I
16、4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF
17、8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R101、合同经当事人意思表示一致已经成立，当
18、事人之间已经建立了特定的权利、义务关系；只是因法定或约定的生效的特别要件尚未成就，尚不能发生当事人缔约时预期的法律效力；2、当事人对合同约定的权利享有期待权，负有等待生效期限届至、生效条件成就的消极不作为义务或按照法律、行政法规规定办理批准、登记等手续的积极作为义务。3、在生效的特别要件成就前，合同的效力处于停止状态，除附生效期限的合同外，由于生效的法定或约定的特别要件能否成就具有不确定性，合同能否生效亦具有不确定性。4、在合同成立未生效中，对于依照法律、行政法规规定经批准或者登记才能生效的情形，2009年 4月 24日最高人民法院关于适用中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释（二）（法释2009
19、 5 号，以下简称“合同法解释二”）第八条规定“人民法院可以根据案件的具体情况和相对人的请求，判决相对人自己办理有关手续；对方当事人对由此产生的费用和给相对人造成的实际损失，应当承担损害赔偿责任”，是对传统民法理论中缔约过失责任原则的创新，扩大了缔约过失责任的范围；对于附生效条件的情形，通过条件拟制的方式设定了与恶意当事人所追求的合同效力意愿直接相反的救济方式，但没有给予善意相对人为追求最大利益对此应享有的选择权。三、合同成立未生效责任分析学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9
20、R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3
21、A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L
22、2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4
23、M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8
24、Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R
25、4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3
26、I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10从类型上看，合同责任一般包括违约责任、预期违约责任以及缔约过失责任。所谓违约责任，是指当事人因不履行或不完全履行合同债务时所应承担的责任；所谓预期违约责任，是指在合同有效成立后至合同约定的履行期限到来之前，当事人一方向另一方明确表示其将不履行合同义务，或者当事人一方的自身行为或客观事实默示其将不能依约履行合同义务所应承担的责任；而缔约过失
27、责任则是在合同订立过程中，一方当事人因其过错，致使合同不成立、无效或被撤销，使对方当事人受到信赖利益损失时过错方应承担的责任。合同成立未生效虽尚未发生当事人缔约时预期的法律效力，但已在当事人之间产生了期待合同约定权利实现的法律关系。合同依法成立后对当事人有法律约束力，当事人不履行成立未生效合同的义务是违约还是缔约过失，笔者以为不宜总而论之，而应区分其行为导致的结果予以分别确认。1、附生效期限责任分析在合同成立未生效情形中，附生效期限是当事人以将来一定到来的期限为条件控制合同效力发生的意思表示。在约定的生效期限届至前，当事人负有等待生效期限届至的消极不作为义务。由于约定的生效期限是必将届至的客观
28、事实，当事人明示或默示其将不履行合同义务，显属“预期违约”。因此，根据合同法第九十四条规定“有下列情形之一的，当事人可以解除合同（二）在履行期限届满之前，当事人一方明确表示或者以自己的行为表明不履行主要债务”和第一百零八条规定“当事人一方明确表示或者以自己的行为表明不履行合同义务的，对方可以在履行期限届满之前要求其承担违约责任”，善意当事人学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 5 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF
29、8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6
30、R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X
31、3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:
32、CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 H
33、Q6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN
34、5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编
35、码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10可以解除合同，明示或默示将不履行合同义务的当事人应向善意当事人承担违约责任。2、附生效条件责任分析在合同成立未生效情形中，附生效条件是当事人以将来不确定事实的发生与否为条件控制合同效力发生的意思表示。在约定的生效条件成就前，当事人负有等待生效条件成就的消极不作为义务，如果当事人恶意促成或阻止合同生效条件成就，则可能导致善意当事人对合同预期利益的损害。法定条件拟制及其存在的问题合同法第四十五条第二款规定：“当事人为自己的利益不正当地阻止条件
36、成就的，视为条件已成就；不正当地促成条件成就的，视为条件不成就”。该条规定是在合同附生效条件情形下，一方当事人为自己的利益，不正当地阻止或促成生效条件成就时，为善意相对人在合同预期利益受损时提供的一种救济方式，是以法定方式确定条件拟制的结果，从而否定恶意促成或阻止合同生效的当事人所追求的合同效力状态。依此，当恶意当事人为自己的利益不正当地促成或阻止条件成就时，结果是附条件生效的合同或提前发生法律效力，或延缓发生法律效力甚至不发生法律效力，适用法定条件拟制时，则设定与恶意当事人意愿直接相反的法律后果。但是，恶意当事人所追求的合同的法律效力提前或延缓发生，在实践中，并非绝对不为善意相对人所接受。当
37、善意相对人认为接受比拒绝更有利或者损失更小时，就可能会在要求赔偿的基础上接受恶意当事人所追求的合同的法律学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 6 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编
38、码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1
39、 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2
40、ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文
41、档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7
42、Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F
43、2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10效力，而按照合同法第四十五条第二款规定的条件拟制处理时，善意相对人基于对自身利益
44、的考虑对合同效力的上述选择权就不能得到满足。法律为惩戒恶意当事人、保护善意相对人提供的救济制度所产生的法律后果，却发生了与善意相对人追求最大利益的意愿相反的结果，因而，从这个角度来看，法定条件拟制与本条规定的立法本意是相悖的。鉴于此，笔者认为，为更好地保护权利人之权利，在对合同生效附条件拟制时，应允许善意相对人根据自己的意愿对合同生效条件成就与否进行选择。因此，对于因恶意当事人不正当地促成或阻止条件成就时，在认定合同效力时，首先应赋予善意相对人追求或放弃合同缔约之目的的选择权。如果善意相对人愿意接受恶意当事人以不正当行为追求的合同效力的结果，同意或放弃合同缔约，则善意相对人的意愿应获得支持；如
45、果善意相对人不愿意接受恶意当事人以不正当行为追求的合同效力的结果，仍同意继续或者放弃合同缔约，则应当依据合同法第四十五条第二款的规定否定恶意当事人追求的合同效力。附生效条件责任如前述，尊重生效条件成就与否未定的状态，负有等待生效条件成就的消极不作为义务，是附生效条件合同当事人应当履行的义务。在现有法律框架下，当事人为自己的利益，以不正当行为阻止生效条件成就，致使约定的合同生效条件延缓成就甚至不生效，其行为违反了成立附生效条件合同当事人应遵守的义务，也违背了诚实信用原则，适用法定条件拟制时应视为条件已成就，学习资料总结-名师归纳欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 7 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:
46、CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 H
47、Q6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN
48、5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编
49、码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1
50、 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2 ZN5X3I4M9R10文档编码:CF8Y3A9I7Q1 HQ6R4L2R3F2