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1、精心整理学习必备多边形面积的知识点旧知回顾:(一)长方形1、长方形面积=长宽字母公式:s=ab 延伸:长=面积宽;宽=面积长;2、长方形周长=(长宽)2 字母公式:c=(ab)2 延伸:长=周长 2-宽;宽=周长 2-长理解:长方形中面积、周长与长和宽之间的变化关系:(1)长方形的长加宽等于长方形周长的一半。即a+b=c 2(2)当长方形的周长不变时,长与宽的差越大,这个长方形的面积就越小;反之,长与宽的差越小,这个长方形的面积就越大。(3)当长方形的面积不变时,长与宽的差越大,这个长方形的周长就越长;长与宽的差越小,这个长方形的周长就越短。掌握:长方形框架拉成平行四边形,周长不变,面积变小。
2、(二)正方形1、正方形面积=边长边长字母公式:s=a 2或者 s=aa 2、正方形周长=边长 4 字母公式:c=4a 或者 c=a4 延伸:边长=周长 4(三)单位及单位的换算:【掌握】单位:重量单位:1 吨(t)=1000 千克(kg)1 千克(kg)=1000 克(g)长度单位:1 千米(km)=1000 米(m)1 米(m)=10 分米(dm)=100 厘米(cm)=1000 毫米(mm)面积单位【掌握】:1 平方米(m2)=100 平方分米(dm2)=10000 平方厘米(cm2)精心整理学习必备1 平方千米(km2)=100 公顷(hm2)=1000000 平方米(m2)1 公顷(h
3、m2)=10000 平方米(m2)货币单位:1 元 10 角1 角 10 分时间单位:1 年=365 天(闰年 366 天)1 天=24 小时(h)1 小时(h)=60 分(min)1 分(min)=60 秒(s)单位换算方法:大单位化小单位用数乘以进率,小数点向右移动相应次数。小单位化大单位用数除以进率,小数点向左移动相应次数。新知讲解:一、平行四边形1、平行四边形面积=底高字母公式:s=ah 延伸:底=面积高;高=面积底;理解:平行四边形面积公式的推导过程:剪拼、平移沿着平行四边形的任意一条高剪开,将其一部分平移与另一部分正好拼成一个长方形,这个长方形的长就是平行四边形的底,这个长方形的宽
4、就是平行四边形的高。因为长方形的面积=长宽,所以平行四边形的面积=底高,用字母表示S=ah。掌握:等底等高的平行四边形面积相等。二、三角形1、三角形面积=底 高2 字母公式:s=ah2 延伸:底=面积 2高;高=面积 2底理解:三角形面积公式的推导过程:旋转、平移将两个完全一样的三角形拼成一个平行四边形,拼成的平行四边形的底就是三角形的底,拼成的平行四边形的高就是三角形的高,拼成的平行四边形的面积是三角形面积的2 倍。一个三角形的面积是这个平行四边形的面积一半。因为平行四边形的面积等于底高,所以三角形的面积等于底高 2。用字母表示S=a h2。掌握:文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I
5、4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10
6、T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8
7、H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1
8、E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码
9、:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9
10、M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X
11、9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9精心整理学习必备1、等底等高的三角形面积相等。2、等底等高的三角形和平行四边形面积关系:等底等高的平行四边形面积是三角形面积的2 倍;等底等高的三角形面积是平行四边形面积的一半。三、梯形1、梯形面积=(上底下底)
12、高 2 字母公式:s=(ab)h2 延伸:上底=面积 2高下底;下底=面积 2高-上底;高=面积 2(上底+下底)理解:梯形面积公式的推导过程:旋转、平移将两个完全一样的梯形拼成一个平行四边形,这个平行四边形的底等于梯形的上底与下底的和,平行四边形的高等于梯形的高,拼成的平行四边形的面积是每个梯形面积的2 倍,每个梯形的面积是拼成的平行四边形面积的一半。因为平行四边形的面积=底高,所以梯形的面积=(上底下底)高 2 用字母表示S=(ab)h2.3、掌握:计算圆木、钢管等的根数:(顶层根数+底层根数)层数 2 四、组合图形【理解】(一)组合图形:转化成已学的基本图形,通过加、减进行计算。(二)求
13、组合图形的方法:1、分割法:将组合图形分成几个基本图形,通过加,求几个基本图形的和。2、填补法:将组合图形补成一个基本图形,通过大面积减小面积,求两个基本图形的差。3、割补法:将组合图形的一部分剪割下来,拼补成一个基本图形,直接求图形面积。4、平移法:5、等积变形:在很多求阴影部分面积时运用广泛。五、不规则图形的面积【理解】1、数格子:不规则图形面积=满格+半格数 2 2、规范成一个长方形或正方形:使框成的长方形和正方形内外尽量互补。六、有关规律:【理解】1、在平行四边形里画一个最大的三角形,这个三角形的面积等于这个平行四边形面积的一半。2、用细木条钉成一个长方形框架,如果把他拉成一个平行四边
14、形,则它的周长不变,面积变小了,因为底不变,高变小了;如果将平行四边形框架拉成一个长方形,则他们的周长不变,面积变大了。3、三角形面积与平行四边形面积、底、高之间的关系【比较难理解,慢慢想,画图理解】:(1)三角形和平行四边形面积相等时,若高相等,则三角形的底是平行四边形的2 倍,或平行四边形的底是三角形的一半。文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9
15、 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4
16、H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T
17、5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H
18、9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E
19、9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:
20、CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M
21、3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9精心整理学习必备(2)三角形和平行四边形的面积相等时,若底相等,则三角形的高是平行四边形的2 倍,或平行四边形的高是三角形的一半。(3)三角形和平行四边形等底等高时,则三角形的面积是平行四边形的一半,平行四边形的面积是三角形的 2 倍。4、在直角三角形中,斜边最长。两条直角边互为底和高。【掌握】直角三角形斜边上的高=一条直角边另一条直角边22斜边文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M
22、3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9
23、 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4
24、H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T
25、5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H
26、9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E
27、9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9文档编码:CV2I9M3O10X9 HK1I4H8A10T5 ZN8H9G8W1E9