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1、浙江省 2006 年 4 月高等教育自学考试发动机原理与汽车理论试题一、单项选择题(本大题共8 小题，每小题2 分，共 16 分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.下列对车用发动机增压系统优点的描述中不正确的一项是()A.减小发动机的比质量和外形尺寸B.提高发动机的经济性指标C.减少排气污染和噪声D.降低发动机的机械负荷和热负荷2.我国某城市冬季12 月 1 月份平均气温为3 5，请为在此季节使用的高速柴油机选择最合适的柴油牌号()A.-10B.0C.10D.203.合适的柴油机的放热规律是()A.燃烧先缓后急，开始放
2、热要适中，随后燃烧要加快，使燃烧尽量接近上止点附近燃烧B.燃烧先急后缓，开始要燃烧快，随后要放热适中，使燃烧尽量在下止点附近燃烧C.燃烧要一直平缓，满足运转柔和性的要求D.燃烧要一直平缓，满足经济运转的要求4.柴油机排放物中的主要有害颗粒是()A.HC B.NOx C.碳烟D.铅化物5.关于分层给气燃烧，以下说法中正确的是()A.是为了解决柴油机经济性和排气污染问题而提出的B.火花塞附近可燃混合气较浓，而燃烧室绝大部分空间具有较稀的混合气C.必须用高辛烷值的汽油D.必须用较高十六烷值的柴油6.关于附着利用率，以下说法中正确的是()A.全轮驱动汽车的附着利用率最低B.后轮驱动汽车的附着利用率最低
3、C.前轮驱动汽车的附着利用率最高D.后轮驱动汽车的附着利用率高于前轮驱动汽车7.关于汽车燃油经济性的影响因素，以下说法中错误的是()A.在容许的范围内提高压缩比，可以改善汽车的燃油经济性B.汽车中速行驶时燃油消耗量最低C.在一定行驶条件下，传动系的传动比越大，汽车的燃油经济性越好D.减少汽车的尺寸与质量，可以提高汽车的燃油经济性8.关于主减速器传动比i0 的选择，以下说法中错误的是()A.i0 增大，汽车动力性变差B.i0 增大，汽车加速性能较好C.i0 增大，汽车后备功率增大D.i0 增大，汽车燃油经济性较差二、填空题(本大题共12 小题，每空1 分，共 25 分)请在每小题的空格中填上正确
4、答案。错填、不填均无分。9.发动机的三个主要性能指标是_指标、_指标及 _指标。10.径流式增压器是由_和_两个主要部分以及支承装置、密封装置、冷却系统、润滑系统所组成。11.分隔式燃烧室包括_燃烧室和 _燃烧室。12.汽油机正常燃烧过程分为_、_和_三个阶段。13.汽油机的外特性是指_，柴油机的外特性是指_。14.汽油机排气中有害成分浓度最大的物质是_。15.电控汽油喷射系统通过对_进行精确的控制，可以使发动机在任何工况下都处于最佳工作状态。16.汽车行驶必须满足的充分条件是_条件，必要条件是_条件。17.百公里燃油消耗量分为_百公里燃油消耗量和_百公里燃油消耗量。18.汽车比功率是_和_的
5、比值。19.汽车制动性的评价指标包括_、_和 _。20操纵性是指汽车_的能力，稳定性是指汽车_的能力。三、判断题（本大题共8 小题，每小题1 分，共 8 分）判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“”，错的打“”。21.四行程发动机实际循环由进气、压缩、燃烧和作功四个行程所组成。()22.车用发动机一般选用恒压增压系统。()23.柴油机的燃烧过程可分为滞燃期、速燃期、缓燃期和后燃期四个阶段。()24.表面点火时火焰传播速度很高，最高可达1000m/s 以上。()25.柴油机排气中CO 的含量在全负荷或低负荷下较高，中负荷时较低。()26.在同一道路条件与车速下，如档位越低，则后备功率越大，燃油经济
6、性越差。()27.汽车变速器各档的传动比一般按等差数列分配。()28.汽车制动器制动力总是等于地面制动力。()四、名词解释（本大题共5 小题，每小题3 分，共 15 分）29.爆燃30.调速特性31.汽车的最高车速32.制动距离33间隙失效五、简答题（本大题共6 小题，第34、35、36、37 小题每小题4 分，第 38、39 小题每小题5 分，共 26 分）34.简述发动机进、排气门提前开启、滞后关闭的原因。35.什么是侧滑？制动时车轮侧滑的条件是什么？36.与柴油机相比，汽油机的负荷特性有何特点？37.简述影响汽车动力性主要包括哪几个方面的因素?38.标准、浓、稀混合气的判别依据是什么？并
7、简述判别方法。39汽车稳态响应的分类依据是什么？可分为哪几类？哪类稳态响应的汽车有失去稳定性的危险？六、应用题（本大题共10 分）40.下图是某汽油机在全负荷时，在两种不同进气迟闭角下，充气效率v 和功率 Pe 随转速 n 变化的关系曲线。请回答：（1）什么是充气效率？（2）进气迟闭角的作用是什么？（3）低转速（马赫数Ma 较小）时，进气迟闭角过大对充气效率有何影响？原因是什么？文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D
8、10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T
9、3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3
10、J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U
11、7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K
12、6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4
13、O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C
14、7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3（4）假设此发动机的工况是面工况，试简要说明进气迟闭角从40 增大到 60 后，对发动机的充气效率和动力性有何综合影响？B 卷一、单项选择题(本大题共15 小题，每小题2 分，共 30 分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1发动机实际循环的压缩行程是一个复杂多变的过程，其间主要有热交换和()A.加热循环B.压燃C.漏气损失D.等熵绝热2发动机负荷特性的燃油消耗率be 曲线最低点称为最低耗油率点，此点()A
15、.经济性好，但动力性差B.功率为额定功率C.功率最小D.转矩最小3发动机的性能特性包括：负荷特性、速度特性、万有特性和()A.空转特性B.调速特性C.外特性D.转矩特性4从燃油经济性加速时间曲线上可以看出，i0 值在怎样时，加速时间短，动力性好而燃油经济性差？()A.小B.大C.较小D.较大5为了防止后轴抱死而发生危险的侧滑，汽车制动系的实际前、后制动力分配线 应始终在理想的制动力分配线I 的什么位置？()A.上方B.下方C.重合D.远离6发动机进、排气门的实际开、闭时刻和持续时间，称为()A.实际循环B.气门重叠C.配气相位D.进、排气正时7汽油机的表面点火属于()A.不正常燃烧B.正常燃烧
16、C.后火D.早火8变速器档位数增多，则()A.动力性提高，经济性提高文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8
17、L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5
18、A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:
19、CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 H
20、D8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 Z
21、F5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编
22、码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3B.动力性提高，经济性下降C.动力性下降，经济性提高D.动力性下降，经济性下降9汽车结构方面影响汽车燃油经济性的因素有：汽车尺寸和质量、传动系、汽车外形与轮胎和()A.附着面积B.迎风面积C.发动
23、机D.起动机10柴油的什么成分太低时，使柴油机工作粗暴，起动困难？()A.凝点B.十六烷值C.辛烷值D.粘度11推动从动车轮加速前进的力Fp1 要克服从动轮的滚动阻力和()A.转动惯量B.滚动阻力矩C.摩擦力D.加速阻力12柴油机在形成可燃混合气过程中，只有少数燃油喷在空间作为引燃，大部分燃油顺气流喷向燃烧室壁面的方式称为()A.热混合B.油膜蒸发C.预燃D.复合13引起车辆顶起失效的几何参数为()A.后悬B.离去角C.接近角D.最小离地间隙14汽油机正常燃烧过程分为三个阶段：着火延迟期、明显燃烧期和()A.热燃期B.再燃期C.缓燃期D.后燃期15根据稳定性系数的不同，汽车的稳态响应可以分为三
24、类：()A.侧倾转向、变形转向和回正转向B.点刚度、线刚度和面刚度C.中性转向、不足转向和过多转向D.低速、中速和高速二、填空题(本大题共9小题，每空1 分，共 10 分)请在每小题的空格中填上正确答案。错填、不填均无分。16发动机排出的主要有害气体是CO、HC 和_。17控制燃烧、减少燃烧爆发_，可以降低发动机噪声。18在发动机常规试验中可以分为_试验和可靠性试验。19标定功率速度特性曲线是确定发动机允许工作的最高_限制线。文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编
25、码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5
26、 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10
27、 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文
28、档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6
29、K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D
30、10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T
31、3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T320汽油机的外特性代表了汽油机的最高_性能。21在制动过程分析中，当_ 0 时，制动时总是后轮先抱死。22为了提高发动机的充气效率，在保证排气损失最小的前提下，尽量_开排气门。23确定传动系最大传动比时，要考虑汽车最低稳定车速、最大爬坡度和_。24汽车的后备功率越_，汽车的 _性越好。三、判断题（本大题共10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“”，错的打“”。25分层给气燃烧的概念之一就是在火
32、花塞附近形成较稀的混合气，防止爆燃。()26汽车爬坡或阻力变化时,节气门开度不变，转速n 随外界负荷的变化而变化。外界负荷大时n减小，外界负荷小时n 增大，这时发动机沿速度特性工作。()27在动力性满足的前提下,不宜装功率过大的发动机，以求燃油消耗率be 降低,避免大马拉小车。()28装有液力变矩器的汽车，在高速档能发出很大的驱动力并稳定行驶，可以提高在松软地面或雪地行驶的通过性。()29加速度的大小与档位和行驶速度有关。低档位时的加速度较大，同一档位下速度较高时加速度较大。()30由于不受爆燃的限制，柴油机的压缩比很高，有利于火花塞的点火。()31 按等比级数分配变速器传动比，能使发动机经常
33、在接近发动机外特性最大转矩处的范围内工作。()32后轮先抱死时，汽车会丧失转向能力。()33地面制动力达到附着力数值后，地面制动力随着制动踏板力的上升而增加。()34国际标准ISO2631 推荐的评价汽车平顺性的2 种方法是：（1）1/3 倍频带分别评价方法；（2）总加权值方法。()四、名词术语解释（本大题共5 小题，每小题3 分，共 15 分）35柴油机的速度特性36四冲程发动机的实际循环37喘振38动力特性图39滑动率五、简答题（本大题共4 小题，每小题6 分，共 24 分）40废气能量利用的增压系统的选择原则是什么？车用发动机选用什么系统？41充气效率是评价发动机什么的指标？影响充气效率
34、的因素有哪几个？42根据题42 图所示情况选出要求加速时间为14s 的发动机，并说明理由。用什么确定该车辆最佳主减速器传动比？文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF
35、5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码
36、:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5
37、HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10
38、ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档
39、编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K
40、5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3浙江省 2011 年 1 月高等教育自学考试汽车发动机原理与汽车理论试题一、单项选择题(本大题共15 小题，每小题2 分，共 30 分)在
41、每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.在气门重叠开启期内，可利用气流压差和惯性清除残余废气，增加新鲜充量，称为()A.配气相位B.换气过程C.燃烧室扫气D.强制排气2.进气管、气缸、排气管连通，是发生在发动机换气过程的哪个阶段？()A.自由排气B.强制排气C.进气过程D.燃烧室扫气3.车用发动机采用废气能量利用的增压系统是什么增压系统？()A.气波B.脉冲C.恒流D.恒压4.过量空气系数小于1 的混合气称为()A.稀混合气B.理想混合气C.浓混合气D.均匀混合气5.柴油机的速燃期中压力升高率较大可能造成的影响有()A.柴油机
42、飞车B.柴油机工作粗暴C.柴油机转速升高D.柴油机排气温度升高6.载货汽车在长途运输作业时，其发动机的工况属于()A.恒速工况B.螺旋桨工况C.面工况D.点工况7.调速器的不灵敏度表征调速器推力和摩擦力的关系，当调速器卡滞时，不灵敏度()A.最大B.为负值C.最小D.为无穷大8.汽油机排放物中的主要有害颗粒是()A.HC B.NOxC.炭烟D.铅化物9.汽车发动机试验一般可分为_和单项专题性研究试验两大类。()A.常规试验B.性能试验C.出厂试验D.可靠性试验10.关于分层给气燃烧，以下说法中正确的是()A.是为了解决柴油机经济性和排气污染问题而提出的B.火花塞附近可燃混合气较浓，而燃烧室绝大
43、部分空间具有较稀的混合气C.必须用高辛烷值的汽油D.必须用较高十六烷值的柴油11.当车速达到某一临界车速，轮胎会发生驻波现象，此时轮胎的周缘变成()A.椭圆形B.多边形C.波浪形D.折线形12.使用方面影响汽车燃油经济性的主要因素有：正确的技术保养与调整、合理组织运输和()A.驾驶操作技术B.防止频繁使用C.采用防冻防晒措施D.添加助燃剂13.汽车在高速行驶或下长坡连续制动时制动效能的稳定程度，称为()A.制动性B.制动效能的恒定性文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3
44、文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J
45、6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7
46、D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6
47、T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O
48、3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7
49、U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3
50、K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3文档编码:CJ1L4O3J6K5 HD8L4C7U7D10 ZF5A6R3K6T3C.制动能力D.热衰退性14.汽车操纵稳定性的重要表征就是汽车的()A.频域响应B.时域响应C.稳态响应D.瞬态响应15.引起车辆顶起失效的几何参数为()A.后悬B.离去角C.接近角D.最小离地间隙二、判断题（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共 10 分）判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内打“”，错的打“”。16.废气能量利用的基本形式有两种，一种为恒压增压系统，另一种为脉冲增压系统。()17.将水的汽化潜热计算在内的燃料热