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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思解答高中英语定语从句中的方法技巧 挑选引导定语从句的引导词是学习定语从句的难点；巧用以下口决, 可化难为易； 一看 指人仍是物,二看介词在何处；三看句中作何用,四看否属特别；方法一：“ 一看指人仍是物” 指人时用who（作主语）、whom作宾语 和 whose作定语,既指人又指物 ；that 既可指人又可指物,但在当代英语中多指物；which 只能指物, that 与 which在句中作主语或宾语；在非正式文体中,作宾语的whom,which 或 that 可省略；如：In the beginning, p
2、eople who bought them often got angry. who 指人,修饰先行词 people,作从句的主语；刚开头,买的人常常会愤怒；They needed a plant which didnt need as much water as rice.which 指物,修饰先行词 plant,作从句的主语,此处 which 可换为 that； 他们需要一种不像水稻那样需要大量水的作物；Ive bought a new dictionary whose cover is blue. （这里 whose 指物,在从句中作定语； ）我买了一本封皮是蓝色的字典；难点：（ 1）w
3、hose 既可指“ 某人的”,也可指“ 某物的”,指物时不行想当然误用 which,但可使用“the+n.+of which ” 的表达方法,也可用“of which +n ” 的表达方式；例句： Ive bought a new dictionary, the cover of which is blue. Ive bouth a new dictionary of which the cover is blue. 2在非正式文体中, 当引导词 who 位于从句句首时, 可替换 whom 作宾语； 如：Do you know the boy who/whom we talked to jus
4、t now. 方法二：“ 二看介词在何处”当介词置于从句之首时,如指人, 介词之后只能用whom 而不能用who 或 that;如指物 ,就只能用 which 而不能用 that；试比较以下两组句子：1 Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate. 此处介词 with之后的 whom 不行替换为 who 或 that,也不能省略； Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate.此句中的引导词whom 作介词 with 的宾语,
5、可换为who 或 that,也不能省略； 难点：（ 1）当 who, whom, which, that 等引导词在从句中作宾语而省略时,从句中不能名师归纳总结 再加宾语；如： This is the pen she bought it yesterday.此处的 it 应去悼,由于作宾语的which第 1 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思或 that 已省略； （2）两个以上的简洁句组成一个句子时,必需用关联词来连接两个句子,而不能用代词；如： This is our monitor, witho
6、ut him, we couldnt win the game. 此句中的人称代词 him 必须改为引导词 whom； Can you see the tall building, in front of it there a large play ground. 此句中的代词 it 必需改为引导词 which ； 方法三：“ 三看句中作何用”如何选用定语从句中的引导词,关键是要看引导词在从句中作什么成分；如作主语,就在 who, that 或 which 之中挑选；如作定语,就用 whose;如作状语,就在 when,where,why 之中挑选；试比较：1. Have you ever b
7、een to the place which/that we visted last year 你去过我们去年参观的那个地方吗 . Have you ever been to the place where we worked last year. 你去过我们去年工作的那个地方吗？以上第一句中的引导词 which/that 作及物动词 visited 的宾语, 可省略, 不行换用 where;其次句中的引导词 where 作不及物动词 worked 的状语,不行换用 which 或 that,但可用 in which 来替换；2. Do you still remember the day w
8、hich/that we spent together. 你仍记得我们一起度过的那一天吗？Do you still remember the day when we stayed together. 你仍记得我们呆在一起的那一天吗？以上第一句中的引导词 which/that 作及物动词 spent 的宾语,可省略,不行用 when 替换；而其次句的 when 作不及物动词 stayed 的状语, 不行换用 which 或 that,但可用 on which 来替Label1换；难点：要把握句子结构,正确分析句子成分,切不行见到表示时间的名词就用 when,见到表示地点的句词变用 where；方
9、法四 : “ 四看是否属特别” 定语从句引导词的使用仍要留意一些特别情形,如 who 与 that 均可指人,which 和 that 都可指物 ,但这些引导词在详细的语言环境中有区分,不能换用；如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思This is the first time that I many years. ve been to the museum, which I have been looking forward to for 这是我第一次去博物馆,我盼了好多年了；
10、当先行词被序数词修饰时,引导词只用 只能用 which 而不能用 that,故此句中的that 而不能用 which ；在非限制性定语从句中,that 与 which 不能互换；which is the book that you want to borrow. 你想借那一本书？当先行词是 which 时,引导词用 that. 另外一种常考的点是 way 和 reason引导的定语从句；如： I dislike the way in which/that/ he talks to his mother. 我不喜爱他和他母亲说话的方式此句中 way 在定语从句中充当方式状语,引导词用练习题in
11、which that 或者省略1. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 2. _is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 3. Aften living in Paris for fifty years he returne
12、d to the small town _ he grew up as a child. 名师归纳总结 A.which B.where C.that D.when 第 3 页,共 4 页4.This is the hotel _ last month. A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 5.Do you known the year_the Chinese Communist Party was founded. A.which B.that C.when D
13、.on which 6.That is the day_Ill never forget. A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 7.I have bought two ballpens,_writes well. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A.none of them B.neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 8. Is _some German friends vistited last week.
14、A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 9. This is one of the best films_. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 10. Can you lend me the book_the other day. A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 参考答案名师归纳总结 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.C 8. B 9.A 10.A 第 4 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -