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1、机电控制与可编程序控制器技术课程习题分析与详解（一）1隔离开关和负荷开关配合使用时，对它们的操作顺序有什么规定？答：分闸：应先断开负荷开关，再断开隔离开关。合闸：应先合上隔离开关，后合上负荷开关。2组合开关的结构有什么特点？型号的含义是什么？答：组合开关由动触片、静触片、方形转轴、手柄、定位机构和外壳等部分组成。它的动、静触片分别叠装在数层绝缘垫板内组成双断点桥式结构。而动触片又套装在有手柄的绝缘方轴上，方轴随手柄而旋转。于是每层动触片随方轴转动而变化位置来与静触片分断和接触。组合开关的顶盖部分由凸轮、弹簧及手柄等零件构成操作机构，这个机构由于采用了弹簧储能，使开关快速闭合及分断。组合开关的分
2、合速度与手柄的旋转速度无关，有利于灭弧。组合开关型号的含义如下图所示3接触器的用途是什么？选择接触器时主要考虑那些技术数据？答：接触器用来频繁地接通和切断主电路或大容量控制电路，它广泛地用于控制电动机和其它电力负载。选择接触器主要考虑以下技术数据：电源种类：交流或直流。主触点额定电压、额定电流。辅助触点种类、数量及触点额定电流。励磁线圈的电源种类、频率和额定电压。额定操作频率（次/h），即允许的每小时接通的最多次数。4比较接近式行程开关与机械式行程开关的优缺点。答：接近式行程开关具有定位精度高、操作频率高、功率损耗小、寿命长、耐冲击振动、耐潮湿、能适应恶劣工作环境等优点。5比较交、直流电磁铁的
3、特点。答：交流电磁铁的特点：励磁电流与衔铁位置有关，当衔铁处于起动位置时，电流触刀极数每极触刀额定电流（A）设计序号组合式刀开关组合开关型号的意义H Z/-最大；当衔铁吸合后，电流就降到额定值。吸力与衔铁位置有关，但影响比直流电磁铁小的多，随着气隙的减小，其吸力将逐渐增大，最后将达到1.52 倍的初始吸力。直流电磁铁的特点：励磁电流的大小仅取决于励磁线圈两端的电压及本身的电阻，而与衔铁的位置无关。直流电磁铁的吸力在衔铁起动时最小，而在吸合时最大，6一台三相异步电动机，额定功率为5.5KW，额定电压为380V，额定电流为11.25A，起动电流为额定电流的7 倍，试选用对它进行控制和保护用的按钮、
4、接触器、热继电器和组合开关。解：电动机的额定电流AIN25.11，起动电流为AIq75.7825.117控制电路采用交流220V 供电。则起动按钮（优先选绿色）和停止按钮（优先选红色）选用额定电压220V 的即可。接触器选用交流接触器，主触点的额定电压380V，额定电流应78.75V，励磁线圈选择额定电压交流220V，频率 50Hz。热继电器的额定电流应1.05IN=1.0511.25=11.8A。组合开关的额定电压为交流380V，三极触点，额定电流78.25A 即可。7在下表中填上电器的图形符号和文字符号。名称文字符号图形符号线圈（元件）常开触点常闭触点刀开关Q 接触器KM 时间继电器延时闭
5、合ST 延时断开延时闭合和延时断开空气断路器QF 按钮SB 速度继电器KS 热继电器FR 熔断器FU 文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C
6、4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8
7、ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C
8、4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8
9、ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C
10、4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8
11、ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9行程开关ST 8.自锁环节怎样组成？它起什么作用？并具有什么功能？答：一般可用起动按钮和接触器的常开触点并联，然后再和接触器的线圈串联可得。当按下起动按钮后，可实现长动，它又具有失压保护功能。9什么是互锁环节，它起到什么作用？答：将两个接触器的常闭触点分别串
12、联到对方的线圈回路中，即可得到互锁。它用来防止两个接触器同时得电。10 试设计一台异步电动机的控制线路。要求：（1）能实现起、停的两地控制；（2）能实现点动调整；（3）能实现单方向的行程保护；（4）要有短路和过载保护。解：如图 1 所示，左侧为主电路，右侧为控制电路。SB1和 SB2是长动起动按钮，SB3和 SB4是停止按钮，SB5是点动按钮，行程开关ST 的常闭触点起行程保护作用，熔断器起短路保护作用，热继电器起过载保护作用。SB5KMKSB1KSB3SB2KSB4STFR M 3QKMFR u v w FU1FU2图 1 文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4
13、I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7
14、K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4
15、I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7
16、K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4
17、I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7
18、K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4
19、I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C911今有两台电动机，每次只允许一台运转且一台只需单方向运转，另一台要求能正反转。两台电动机都要求有短路保护和过载保护，试画出其电路。解：如图 2 所示。电动机M2可单向运行，KM3为其控制接触器；电动机M3可正反转运行，KM1和 KM2分别为正、反转接触器。KM2M13 M23 KM3FRFRKM1Qu v w FU1FU2SB2KM3KM1KM3SB1KM2KM2SB4KM2KM1KM1KM2SB3KM3KM3KM1FR1
20、 FR2 图 2 文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J
21、3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ
22、1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J
23、3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ
24、1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J
25、3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9文档编码:CR4C4J3C7K2 HF7U4L5A2G8 ZZ1A4I6G4C9